Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Visceral Physiology > Visc Phys- Exam 1 > Flashcards

Visc Phys- Exam 1 Flashcards

0
Q

The exchange of water between the ICF and the ECF is driven by which of the following conditions?
A. Sodium ion concentration in the ICF
B. Osmolality difference between the ICF and ECF
C. Plasma protein content of ECF
D. Activity of the sodium pump

A

B. Osmolality difference between the ICF and ECF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q 
As a percentage of body weight, blood volume will be higher in which of the following individuals?
A. A male neonate
B. A young adult male
C. A young adult female
D. A 70-year-old female
A

A. A male neonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q 
Which of the following is not a significant component of the ECF?
A. Potassium ions
B. Sodium ions
C. Chloride ions
D. Bicarbonate ions
A

A. Potassium ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q 
Using the indicator dilution method, use of radio iodinated as the indicator molecule allowed the determination of the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ volume?
A. ECF
B. Plasma
C. ISF
D. ICF
A

B. Plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q 
Which of the following Starling Forces is normally negligible?
A. Capillary hydrostatic pressure
B. Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
C. Capillary oncotic pressure
D. Interstitial oncotic pressure
A

D. Interstitial oncotic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Histamine induced edema is primarily due to which of the following…
A. Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
B. Increased interstitial oncotic pressure
C. Vasodilation
D. Vasoconstriction

A

B. Increased interstitial oncotic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Liver damage can result in edema primarily due to which of the following reasons?
A. Reduction interstitial oncotic pressure
B. Increased interstitial hydrostatic pressure
C. Reduction in capillary oncotic pressure
D. Increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure

A

C. Reduction in capillary oncotic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q 
Elevated serum activity of which of the following enzymes indicates myocardial damage?
A. Pyruvate dehydrogenase
B. Creatine kinase
C. Xanthine oxidase
D. Cytochrome oxidase
A

B. Creatine kinase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q 
Elevated plasma concentration of which of the following indicates cholestasis?
A. Bile salts
B. Creatinine
C. Billiruben
D. Uric acid
A

A. Bile salts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q 
Ingestion of coffee and cocoa can aggravate gouty arthritis because they contain caffeine and theobromine  (chemically these are tried methylxanthine compounds). The enzyme converts caffeine and theobromine into which of the following metabolites that cause inflammation?
A. Hypoxanthine
B. Xanthine
C. Uric acid
D. Bilirubin
A

C. Uric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q 
A plasma sample has a sodium concentration of 110 mEq/liter. The plasma osmolality for this patient will be...
A. 100 mOsm/L
B. 200 mOsm/L
C. 300 mOsm/L
D. 400 mOsm/L
A

B. 200 mOsm/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q 
Which of the following substances is freely permeable across cell membranes?
A. Sodium ions
B. Potassium ions
C. Cholesterol
D. Water
A

D. Water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q 
Cellular dehydration will occur in response to which of the following conditions?
A. Hyperosmolar ECF
B. Hypoosmolar ISF
C. Hypoosmolar ICF
D. None of the above
A

A. Hyperosmolar ECF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Match the letter selections to the number selections:
A. Determines plasma osmolality
B. Normally prevents increase in the ISF hydrostatic pressure
C. Can decrease plasma oncotic activity
D. Causes plasma components to filter into the ISF
E. Causes fluid resorption from ISF into plasma

  1. Plasma protein concentration
  2. Hypoalbuminemia
  3. Total plasma solute concentration
  4. Capillary hydrostatic pressure
  5. Lymphatic drainage
A
  1. Plasma protein concentration E
  2. Hypoalbuminemia C
  3. Total plasma solute concentration A
  4. Capillary hydrostatic pressure D
  5. Lymphatic drainage B
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q 
Hyperaldosteronism can cause which of the following?
A. Capillary dilation
B. Hypertension
C. Increased capillary permeability
D. None of the above
A

B. Hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q 
Loss of isotonic fluid from the body will cause which of the following?
A. ICF contraction 
B. ICF expansion 
C. ECF contraction
D. ECF expansion
A

C. ECF contraction

16
Q 
Excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone will cause...
A. Hyponatremia
B. Hypoosmolar ECF
C. Hypoosmolar ICF
D. Only A and B are correct
E. A, B and C are correct
A

E. A, B and C are correct

17
Q 
Which of the following would occur in the plasma where oxygen supplies to muscle tissue during physical activity is not adequate?
A. Sodium will decrease
B. Potassium will decrease
C. Bicarbonate would decrease
D. PCO2 (pressure of CO2) would decrease
A

C. Bicarbonate would decrease

18
Q 
Ingestion of a large volume of water will result in which of the following conditions?
A. Iso-osmolar overhydration
B. Hypoosmolar overhydration
C. Hyperosmolar overhydration
D. None of the above
A

B. Hypoosmolar overhydration

19
Q 
The 60:40:20 rule represents the ratio of water content in which of the following body compartments?
A. TBW:ECF:ICF
B. ECF:ICF:TBW
C. TBW:ICF:ECF
D. ICF:ECF:TBW
A

C. TBW:ICF:ECF

20
Q 
Which of the following signs of acute inflammation are mediated by histamine action on capillary permeability at the site of injury?
A. Redness
B. Warmth
C. Edema
D. Pain
A

C. Edema

21
Q 
Which of the following may occur in patients suffering from uncontrolled diabetes mellitus?
A. Hyper osmotic ECF
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Cellular over hydration
D. Only A and B are correct 
E. A, B and C are correct
A

A. Hyper Osmotic ECF

22
Q

High salt (sodium chloride) intake can cause…
A. Increase in blood volume and blood pressure
B. Increase in secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide
C. Increase in secretion of aldosterone
D. Only A and B are correct
E. A, B and C are correct

A

D. Only A and B are correct

23
Q 
The predominant cation in the ISF compartment is:
A. Na+
B. K+
C. Ca2+
D. Mg2+
A

A. Na+

24
Q 
Which of the following is correct regarding the ratio of ECF:ICF volumes?
A. 1:1
B. 2:1
C. 1:2
D. 3:1
A

C. 1:2

25
Q

Hematocrit value will not change in which of the following conditions?
A. Iso-osmotic volume contraction
B. Hyperosmotic volume contraction
C. Hypoosmotic volume contraction
D. It will change in all of the above conditions

A

B. Hyperosmotic volume contraction

26
Q

The plasma sample of a person with elevated lactate concentration will also have which of the following?
A. Elevated chloride ion concentration
B. Reduced chloride ion concentration
C. Elevated bicarbonate ion concentration
D. Reduced bicarbonate ion concentration

A

D. Reduced bicarbonate ion concentration

27
Q 
Match the letter selections to the number selections: 
A. Sodium ions
B. Bicarbonate ions
C. Chloride ions
D. Plasma proteins
E. Intracellular proteins
  1. Influx causes hyper polarization of excitable membrane
  2. Major ECF buffer component
  3. Catalyze biochemical reactions
  4. Responsible for 50% of plasma osmolality
  5. Helps maintain blood volume
A
  1. Influx causes hyper polarization of excitable membrane C
  2. Major ECF buffer component B
  3. Catalyze biochemical reactions E
  4. Responsible for 50% of plasma osmolalityA
  5. Helps maintain blood volume D
28
Q 
Which of the following is not one of the starling forces?
A. Capillary hydrostatic pressure
B. Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
C. Intracellular hydrostatic pressure
D. Capillary oncotic pressure
A

C. Intracellular hydrostatic pressure

29
Q

Differences in osmolalities of the ECF and ICF will result in…
A. Fluid exchange across the capillary membrane
B. Fluid exchange across the cell membrane
C. Water exchange across the capillary membrane
D. Water exchange across the cell membrane

A

D. Water exchange across the cell membrane

30
Q 
The primary source of histamine that is released during acute inflammation are...
A. Erythrocytes
B. Mast cells
C. Leukocytes
D. Thrombocytes
A

B. Mast cells

31
Q 
Exchange of nutrients and waste chemicals between plasma occurs in...
A. Arteries
B. Arterioles
C. Capillaries
D. Venules
A

C. Capillaries

32
Q

True or false…a change in the ECF osmolarity will cause only the osmolarity but not the volume of the ICF to change

A

False

33
Q

True or false…a patient with total plasma cholesterol content of 150 mg/dl is said to have hypercholesterolemia

A

False

34
Q

True or false… redness during acute inflammation is due to histamine induced vasodilation

A

True

35
Q

True or false… most of the water loss during vigorous exercise occurs through urine production

A

False

36
Q

True or false… Inadequate water intake will initially cause hypoosmotic volume contraction in the ECF

A

False

Visceral Physiology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions