Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, and Fungi Test Review Flashcards
Viruses are (living, non-living) and (can, cannot) reproduce on their own
nonliving, cannot
Why are viruses not considered to be living things?
They lack most of the characteristics of living things
The average virus is quite (big, small) when compared to cells
small
Know that viruses can cause or help to prevent and treat disease
OK
What helps the body produce chemicals that prevent viruses?
Vaccines
What is a virus?
A tiny particle that enters and then reproduces inside a living cell
What is a host?
The organism that a virus enters and multiplies inside of
What is a parasite?
An organism that lives on or in another organism and causes it harm
What is a vaccine?
A substance induced in the body to help produce chemicals that destroy specific viruses
What is a virus made up of?
Inner core (DNA) and a protein coat
Know that some bacteria consume other organisms on the food of other organisms
OK
What do ribosomes do?
Produce proteins
Scientists use bacteria to make ____________
medicines
What do autotrophic bacteria release into the air?
oxygen
What is pasteurization?
A method of slowing down food spoilage
Are bacteria prokaryotes of eukaryotes?
prokaryotes
Know that bacteria live almost everywhere, including the ocean and in the human body
OK
Know that some get energy by eating other organisms
OK
Do ALL bacteria reproduce asexually?
No, some do
Are ALL bacteria harmful to humans?
No most are harmless or helpful to people
Be able to label a bacterial cell with the following structures: DNA, capsule, flagella, pili, cytoplasm, ribosomes
Check study guide for example of cell
What type of protist produces oxygen
algae
How do they produce oxygen
Use pigments to capture the Sun’s energy
What is the characteristic that makes animal-like protists like animals?
They can MOVE to get food
What do fungi-like protists use to reproduce?
spores
What are animal-like protists called
Protozoans
What are plant-like protists called?
algae
What are ciliates?
They have cilia-hair projections that beat with a wavelike motion to move
What are pigments?
Chemicals that produce color
What is a spore?
A tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism
What type of fungi f=grow on food?
mold
What are the tubelike structures that the cells of multicellular fungi form called?
hyphae
How are fungi classified
By the appearance of their reproductive structure
What is budding?
A form of asexual reproduction that yeast use
What is a lichen?
Made of a fungus and either algae OR autotrophic bacteria and that live together
Are fungi prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
eukaryotic
Where do fungi grow?
moist, warm places
Are some fungi decomposers?
yes
Do some fungi fight diseases?
yes
Do some fungi cause diseases?
yes
What does decompose mean
to break down chemicals in dead plant and animal matter
