Viruses and Symptoms Flashcards
What virus causes most cases of glandular fever?
Infectious mononucleosis/Glandular fever (~90%) is caused by EBV (Epstein-Barr virus)
What are the symptoms of glandular fever caused by EBV?
Fever, sore throat, myalgia, arthralgia, fatigue
Generalized lymphanopathy
Paul Bunnel +ve
What is the cause of 10% of glandular fever cases?
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
What are the symptoms of glandular fever caused by CMV?
Fever, sore throat, myalgia, arthralgia, fatigue,
Generalized lymphanopathy.
Paul Bunnel -ve
Which virus causes Acquired immunodefiency syndrome (AIDS)?
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
What are the symptoms of AIDS?
Prodromal flu like syndrome weeks after infection followed by increasing immunogical compromisation with decreasing CD4+ T-lymphocyte count and opportunistic infection.
Name two organisms that cause opportunistic infections in AIDS patients.
E.g. candida or pneumocystis carinii
Which T-lymphocytes decrease in AIDS?
CD4+ T-lymphocyte
What causes Dengue and what type of virus is it?
Dengue virus (flavivirus)
What are the symptoms of Dengue?
Fever, headache, arthralgia, myalgia and rashes.
Under certain circumstances a haemorrhagic immune driven reaction can take place.
Which type of glandular fever is Paul Bunnel +ve?
EBV - Paul Bunnel +ve
CMV - Paul Bunnel -ve
Which virus causes oral herpes?
Herpes Simplex I
What are the symptoms of HSV I infection? How is it transmitted?
Orofacial sores develop. Transmission by contact. Can infect genital region.
Which virus causes genital herpes?
Herpes Simplex II
What are the symptoms of HSV II infection? How is it transmitted?
Genital sores develop.
Transmission by contact.
Can infect orofacial region.
Which virus causes chickenpox/shingles?
Varicella Zoster (VZV)
What are the symptoms of shingles?
Painful blisters over area of infected dermatome.
What are the causes of viral hepatitis?
Hepatitis viruses (A, B, C, D and E)
What are the symptoms of viral hepatitis?
Jaundice, fever, malaise, itching, nausea and vomiting.
Tender hepatomegaly.
Note that each the different viruses have differing disease courses and routes of transmission e.g. hepatitis B is blood borne.
Which hepatitis viruses are bloodborne?
Hep B, C and D
What is the source and route of transmission of Hepatitis A?
Source - faeces
Transmission - faeco-oral
Prevention - pre/post expsure immunisation
What is the source and route of transmission of Hepatitis E?
Source - faeces
Transmission - faeco-oral
Prevention - ensure safe drinking water
What virus causes Measles? What type of virus is it?
Measles virus (polymyxovirus)
What are the symptoms of Measles?
Fever, cough, coryza and conjuntivits.
Maculopapular rash.
Koplik spots are pathogonomic.
Which virus causes German measles?
Rubella
What are the symptoms of German measles?
Low grade fever, lymphadenopathy, rash, arthlargia headache.
What is the cause of congenital rubella syndrome?
During pregnancy rubella can be passed transplacentally to the fetus and can cause congential rubella syndrome comprising many birth defects including fetal deafness.
What causes maculopapular rash?
measles
What causes koplik spots?
measles
