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BDS1 - Microbiology > Viruses and Prions > Flashcards

Viruses and Prions Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

viruses

A

small in size with RNA or DNA genome

metabolically inert - no ribosomes therefore rely on host cells to reproduce

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2
Q

capsomers

A

protein units that make up virus capsid

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3
Q

what is a virus transmitted by inhalation

A

influenza

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4
Q

what is a virus transmitted by ingestion

A

norovirus

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5
Q

what virus affects the salivary glands

A

mumps

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6
Q

what virus affects the skin

A

herpes

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7
Q

what virus affects the respiratory tract

A

influenza

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8
Q

congenital transmission

A

from mother to fetus

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9
Q

rabies affects which body organ

A

nervous system

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10
Q

latent infection by virus

A

remains in cell with no obvious effects on the cell function

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11
Q

transformation effect of a virus on a cell

A

cell changed to a cancerous cell

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12
Q

what three effects can a virus have on a cell

A

cell death
transformation
latent infection

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13
Q

what are the 6 stages of viral replication

A 
attachment 
penetration 
uncoating 
replication 
assembly 
release
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14
Q

what are the three types of influenza and how are they classified

A

types A, B and C

classified by the ratio of HA to NA

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15
Q

HA (haemagglutinin)

A

responsible for binding to the respiratory tract

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16
Q

NA (nneuroaminidase)

A

aids virion release

17
Q

antigenic drift in influenza

A

minor change e.g substitution mutation
all 3 types capable
can cause an epidemic

18
Q

antigenic shift in influenza

A

major change capable of causing a pandemic
only type A is capable of this
body cant identify Ha and NA spikes therefore no immunological memory

19
Q

what are three methods for testing for viruses

A

plasma
serum
swabs, faeces, vesicle fluids, urine

20
Q

prions

A

contain no DNA or RNA

everyone has and produces normal form

21
Q

when do prions cause concerns

A

when there is an accumulation of the abnormal form (lots of beta sheets) meaning it cant be digested
can cause disease

BDS1 - Microbiology (7 decks)

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