Intro to Microbes

Question 1

what shape are bacilli bacteria

Answer 1

rod shaped

Question 2

what shape are cocilli bacteria

Answer 2

round

Question 3

what do aerobic bacteria require

Answer 3

oxygen

Question 4

what is it called when organisms need only a small amount of oxygen to survive

Answer 4

microaerophilic

Question 5

what environment do facultative bacteria live in

Answer 5

with and without oxygen

Question 6

capnophilic bacteria

Answer 6

require CO2

Question 7

describe the process of the gram stain method

Answer 7

1 - primary stain of crystal violet
2 - fixative
3 - decolouriser
4 - counterstain of safrinin

Question 8

what is the theory behind the gram stain method

Answer 8

gram + bacteria have much more peptidoglycan in their walls meaning they can retain the primary stain unlike gram -. this means gram + stain purple and gram - stain red/ pink

Question 9

endotoxin vs exotoxin

Answer 9

endo - toxins located within the cell walls of gram - bacteria
exo - toxins released to surroundings by both gram - and gram + bacteria

Question 10

staphylococcus aureus

Answer 10

gram + cocilli
often found in upper respiratory tract and skin
surgical site infections, abscesses,

Question 11

streptococcus mutans

Answer 11

gram + cocilli

found in the oral cavity and a significant contributor to dental caries

Question 12

clostridium difficile

Answer 12

gram + bacilli
common HAI
infects bowel and causes diarrhoea

Question 13

prevotella intermedia

Answer 13

contributes to periodontal disease