Viruses Flashcards
paralysis 2-3 weeks following infection
affects lower limbs and respiratory system
patient’s die of respiratory insufficiency
Poliovirus
picornavirus family
Red vesicular rash on hands, feet, and oral mucosa
meningitis
Coxsacki A
picornavirus family
“Hand, foot, and mouth disease”
Myocarditis, pericarditis, pleuritis
sharp unilateral chest pain
Coxsacki B
picornavirus family
Common cold
Rhinovirus
Picornavirus family
RUQ pain hepatomegaly jaundice nausea and vomitting hx of travel, drinking contaminated water, or eating shellfish
Hepatitis A
Picornavirus family
acute hepatitis
Explosive watery diarrhea
hx of being on cruise ship, raw shellfish, or living in close quarters
Norovirus
hemorrhagic fever
thrombocytopenia
bit by Aedes egypti mosquito
Dengue fever
flavivirus family
Jaundice
back ache
bloody stool and vomitting
bit by Aedes egypti mosquito
Yellow fever
flavivirus family
Encephalitis
myelitis > flaccid apralysis
seizures > coma > death
bit by Culex mosquito
West Nile virus
flavivirus family
RUQ pain hepatomegaly jaundice arthralgia purpuric rash elevated ALT HbSAg positive HbEAg positive what cancer are they at risk for? how was it transmitted? How likely is it to become chronic?
Hepatitis B (hepadnaviridae family) DNA virus at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma transmission through blood and sex 5-10% become chronic
HbSAg positive
active Hep B infection
HbEAg positive
Hep B is at infectious stage
Anti-Hbc positive and/or
Anti-Hbe positive
Past Hep B infection
will NOT be positive in people who only had a vaccine
Anti-Hbs positive
past Hep B infection or history of vaccination
RUQ pain jaundice hepatomegaly fatigue nausea how is it transmitted? Will it become chronic? what would happen?
Hepatitis C flavivirus family transmitted through blood and sex 60-80% will become chronic cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma
Descending maculopapular rash
tender post-occipital lymph nodes
what virus family?
Rubella
togavirus family
baby born with... cataracts patent ductus arterious deafness blueberry muffin rash jaundice what virus family?
congenital rubella
togavirus family
Acute bronchitis > acute respiratory syndrome
What virus family?
SARS or MERS
coronavirus family
“true influenza”
orthomyxovirus
Influenza A vs.
Influenza B
influenza A is the commonly known flu, it is epidemic (spreads rapidly), denoted HxNy (ex: H1N1) describing surface antigens
Influenza B is endemic (does not spread rapidly), infections of this are rare
Fever Cough sore throat muscle aches runny nose head aches
Orthomyxovirus
influenza A
“Measles”
paramyxovirus
“mumps”
paramyxovirus
Child presents with... Descending maculopapular rash Fever 4 C's: Cough Conjuctivitis Koplik spots > blue-white lesions in mouth Coryza > runny nose Most serious side effect of this illness?
Paramyxovirus
Measles
encephalitis is most serious side effect
Child presents with…
swollen parotid glands, (parotitis)
swollen testicles (name?)
Serious side effect?
paramyxovirus
Mumps
swollen testicles > orchitis
Meningitis is serious side effect
Fever foaming of mouth encephalitis presence of negri bodies on biopsy hx of animal bite
Rhabdovirus,
Rabies
Watery diarrhea in children during wintertime
virus family?
Rotavirus
Reovirus family
Hemorrhagic fever petechial rash end organ failure severe blood loss --> hypovolemic shock contact with monkeys and bats
Filovirus
Ebola or Marburg
DNA virus Gingivostomatitis on initial infection Cold sores throughout life Can also present as keratoconjunctivitis and temporal lobe encephalitis Lays dormant in trigeminal n.
Herpes Simplex type 1
herpesviridae family
DNA virus STI painful and vesicular rash inguinal lymphadenopathy hides in sacral plexus
Herpes Simplex type 2
herpesviridae family
DNA virus fever tender lymphadenopathy splenomegaly fatigue lethargy pharyngitis tonsillar exudates what virus family?
Epstein Barr virus
aka: Mononucleosis (“mono”)
Herpesviridae family
DNA virus
in non-immunosuppressed patients it causes mono-like symptoms
in immunocompromised patients…
pneumonia (organ transplant)
retinitis (AIDS)
esophagitis (AIDS)
In congenital... blueberry muffin rash jaundice hearing loss hepatosplenomegaly paraventricular calcifications
Cytomegalovirus
Herpesviridae family
DNA virus
Fever
headache
rash with lesions in various stages of healing
described as “dew drops on rose petals”
lays dormant in dorsal root ganglion and can remanifest later in life as painful rash
Varicella Zoster
chicken pox and shingles (herpes zoster)
Herpesviridae family
High fever for exactly 4 days
Widespread rash that spares face appears after fever
HHV-6 (human herpes virus)
roseolla
Nephropathy and hemorrhagic cystitis appearing after renal transplant
Polyomavirus
BK virus specifically
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) presenting in immunosuppressed patients that is fatal in a few months
Polyomavirus
JC virus specifically
Raised blisters of the same stage in healing
Small pox
poxviridae family
Raised blister of the same stage in healing, mild form, contact with cows
Cow pox
Poxviridae family
What family is molluscum contagiosum in?
Poxviridae
Warts on extremities, aka verruca vulgaris
HPV 1-4
Low risk genito-anal warts, aka condyloma accuminata
laryngopapillamatosis
HPV 6 and 11
cause lesions of the cervix with koilocytes present cervical cancer (what type?)
HPV 16 and 18
Squamous cell carcinoma
E6>p53
E7>Rb
Single stranded DNA virus
fever
descending rash
Parvovirus
aka “slapped cheek disease”
aka Fifth disease
aka erythema infectiosum
DNA virus
tonsilitis
hemorrhagic cystitis
viral conjuctivitis
Adenovirus
List the DNA viruses
HHAPPPy Hepadnaviridae Herpesviridae Adenoviridae Papavoviridae (HPV) Parvoviridae Poxviridae
