Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

paralysis 2-3 weeks following infection
affects lower limbs and respiratory system
patient’s die of respiratory insufficiency

A

Poliovirus

picornavirus family

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2
Q

Red vesicular rash on hands, feet, and oral mucosa

meningitis

A

Coxsacki A
picornavirus family
“Hand, foot, and mouth disease”

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3
Q

Myocarditis, pericarditis, pleuritis

sharp unilateral chest pain

A

Coxsacki B

picornavirus family

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4
Q

Common cold

A

Rhinovirus

Picornavirus family

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5
Q
RUQ pain
hepatomegaly
jaundice
nausea and vomitting
hx of travel, drinking contaminated water, or eating shellfish
A

Hepatitis A
Picornavirus family
acute hepatitis

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6
Q

Explosive watery diarrhea

hx of being on cruise ship, raw shellfish, or living in close quarters

A

Norovirus

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7
Q

hemorrhagic fever
thrombocytopenia
bit by Aedes egypti mosquito

A

Dengue fever

flavivirus family

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8
Q

Jaundice
back ache
bloody stool and vomitting
bit by Aedes egypti mosquito

A

Yellow fever

flavivirus family

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9
Q

Encephalitis
myelitis > flaccid apralysis
seizures > coma > death
bit by Culex mosquito

A

West Nile virus

flavivirus family

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10
Q
RUQ pain
hepatomegaly
jaundice
arthralgia
purpuric rash
elevated ALT
HbSAg positive
HbEAg positive
what cancer are they at risk for?
how was it transmitted?
How likely is it to become chronic?
A
Hepatitis B (hepadnaviridae family)
DNA virus
at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma
transmission through blood and sex
5-10% become chronic
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11
Q

HbSAg positive

A

active Hep B infection

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12
Q

HbEAg positive

A

Hep B is at infectious stage

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13
Q

Anti-Hbc positive and/or

Anti-Hbe positive

A

Past Hep B infection

will NOT be positive in people who only had a vaccine

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14
Q

Anti-Hbs positive

A

past Hep B infection or history of vaccination

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15
Q
RUQ pain
jaundice
hepatomegaly
fatigue
nausea
how is it transmitted?
Will it become chronic?
what would happen?
A
Hepatitis C
flavivirus family
transmitted through blood and sex
60-80% will become chronic
cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma
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16
Q

Descending maculopapular rash
tender post-occipital lymph nodes
what virus family?

A

Rubella

togavirus family

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17
Q
baby born with...
cataracts
patent ductus arterious
deafness
blueberry muffin rash
jaundice
what virus family?
A

congenital rubella

togavirus family

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18
Q

Acute bronchitis > acute respiratory syndrome

What virus family?

A

SARS or MERS

coronavirus family

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19
Q

“true influenza”

A

orthomyxovirus

20
Q

Influenza A vs.

Influenza B

A

influenza A is the commonly known flu, it is epidemic (spreads rapidly), denoted HxNy (ex: H1N1) describing surface antigens

Influenza B is endemic (does not spread rapidly), infections of this are rare

21
Q
Fever
Cough
sore throat
muscle aches
runny nose
head aches
A

Orthomyxovirus

influenza A

22
Q

“Measles”

A

paramyxovirus

23
Q

“mumps”

A

paramyxovirus

24
Q
Child presents with...
Descending maculopapular rash
Fever
4 C's:
Cough
Conjuctivitis
Koplik spots > blue-white lesions in mouth
Coryza > runny nose
Most serious side effect of this illness?
A

Paramyxovirus
Measles

encephalitis is most serious side effect

25
Q

Child presents with…
swollen parotid glands, (parotitis)
swollen testicles (name?)

Serious side effect?

A

paramyxovirus
Mumps
swollen testicles > orchitis

Meningitis is serious side effect

26
Q
Fever
foaming of mouth
encephalitis
presence of negri bodies on biopsy
hx of animal bite
A

Rhabdovirus,

Rabies

27
Q

Watery diarrhea in children during wintertime

virus family?

A

Rotavirus

Reovirus family

28
Q
Hemorrhagic fever
petechial rash
end organ failure
severe blood loss --> hypovolemic shock
contact with monkeys and bats
A

Filovirus

Ebola or Marburg

29
Q
DNA virus
Gingivostomatitis on initial infection
Cold sores throughout life
Can also present as keratoconjunctivitis and
temporal lobe encephalitis
Lays dormant in trigeminal n.
A

Herpes Simplex type 1

herpesviridae family

30
Q
DNA virus
STI
painful and vesicular rash
inguinal lymphadenopathy
hides in sacral plexus
A

Herpes Simplex type 2

herpesviridae family

31
Q
DNA virus
fever
tender lymphadenopathy
splenomegaly
fatigue
lethargy
pharyngitis
tonsillar exudates
what virus family?
A

Epstein Barr virus
aka: Mononucleosis (“mono”)
Herpesviridae family

32
Q

DNA virus
in non-immunosuppressed patients it causes mono-like symptoms

in immunocompromised patients…
pneumonia (organ transplant)
retinitis (AIDS)
esophagitis (AIDS)

In congenital...
blueberry muffin rash
jaundice
hearing loss
hepatosplenomegaly
paraventricular calcifications
A

Cytomegalovirus

Herpesviridae family

33
Q

DNA virus
Fever
headache
rash with lesions in various stages of healing
described as “dew drops on rose petals”
lays dormant in dorsal root ganglion and can remanifest later in life as painful rash

A

Varicella Zoster
chicken pox and shingles (herpes zoster)
Herpesviridae family

34
Q

High fever for exactly 4 days

Widespread rash that spares face appears after fever

A

HHV-6 (human herpes virus)

roseolla

35
Q

Nephropathy and hemorrhagic cystitis appearing after renal transplant

A

Polyomavirus

BK virus specifically

36
Q

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) presenting in immunosuppressed patients that is fatal in a few months

A

Polyomavirus

JC virus specifically

37
Q

Raised blisters of the same stage in healing

A

Small pox

poxviridae family

38
Q

Raised blister of the same stage in healing, mild form, contact with cows

A

Cow pox

Poxviridae family

39
Q

What family is molluscum contagiosum in?

A

Poxviridae

40
Q

Warts on extremities, aka verruca vulgaris

A

HPV 1-4

41
Q

Low risk genito-anal warts, aka condyloma accuminata

laryngopapillamatosis

A

HPV 6 and 11

42
Q
cause lesions of the cervix with koilocytes present
cervical cancer (what type?)
A

HPV 16 and 18
Squamous cell carcinoma
E6>p53
E7>Rb

43
Q

Single stranded DNA virus
fever
descending rash

A

Parvovirus
aka “slapped cheek disease”
aka Fifth disease
aka erythema infectiosum

44
Q

DNA virus
tonsilitis
hemorrhagic cystitis
viral conjuctivitis

A

Adenovirus

45
Q

List the DNA viruses

A
HHAPPPy
Hepadnaviridae
Herpesviridae
Adenoviridae
Papavoviridae (HPV)
Parvoviridae
Poxviridae