Bacteria Flashcards
Pneumonia septic arthritis impetigo endocarditis osteomyelitis food poisoning toxic shock syndrome catalase positive coagulase positive beta-hemolytic
Staphylococcus aureus
infections of prosthetic joints, artificial heart valves, and indwelling catheters valvular endocarditis catalase positive ureasea positive beta hemolytic
Staphylococcus epidermidis
UTI in sexually active females
catalase positive
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Impetigo
Pharyngitis
catalase negative
Streptococcus pyrogenes (A)
Red swollen tongue
pharyngitis
widespread rash sparing face
Scarlet fever (strep pyogenes)
Untreated Pharyngitis fever mitral regurg JONES criteria joints (polyarthritis) heart (myocarditis) nodules erythema marginatum syndenham chorea
Rheumatic fever, rheumatic heart
hx of Pharyngitis
cola-colored urine
kidney disease
post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
Neonate with meningitis, pneumonia, and sepsis
Streptococcal agalactiae
most common cause of community acquired lobar pneumonia MOPS Meningitis otitis media pneumonia sinusitis
Streptococcal pneumoniae
endocarditis after dental work
Streptococcus viridans
endocarditis
UTI
biliary tree infection
Enterococcus faecium, faecialis (group D strep)
spore forming gram positive Eschar-like lesions association with animals hemorrhagic mediastinitis widened mediastinum
Bacillus anthracis
vomitting after eating reheated fried rice
Bacillus cereus
Spore forming gram positive
trismus
Risus sardonicus
spastic contraction of back and extensors
Clostridium tetanus
trisumus > lockjaw
risus sardonicus > evil grin
Spore forming gram positive descending flaccid paralysis diplopia, ptosis hx of eating canned food children eating honey
Clostridium botulinum
spore forming gram positive
watery diarrhea
clostridium difficile
non-spore forming gram positive dense gray pseudomembrane on pharynx myocarditis, arrhythmia, lymphadenopathy demyelination
Corynebacterium diptheriae
non-spore forming gram positive catalase positive beta-hemolytic fever gastroenteritis meningitis hx of eating unpasteurized milk/cheese
Listeria monocytogenes
gram negative rapid onset hypovolemic/septic shock petechial rash waterhouse-friderischen syndrome hx of close quarters (college dorms or military recruits)
Neisseria meningiditis
gram negative STI purulent discahrge painful epididymis skin lesions (fingers of dentist) Fitz hugh curtis syndrome
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Fitz hugh curtis syndrome
neisseria gonorrhoeae
violin string adhesions to liver and diaphragm
Waterhouse-Frigerischen syndrome
Neisseria meningiditis
adrenal insufficiency
gram negative urease positive pneumonia with currant jelly sputum UTI necrotizing cavitary lesions in lungs
Klebsiella pneumoniae
gram negative
gastroenteritis
hx of eating undercooked chicken or raw egg
salmonella enteriditis
gram negative Fever rose spot rash pea green soup diarrhea with some blood live in gall bladder
salmonella typhi
typoid fever
typhoid fever
salmonella typhi
gram negative acid stabile bloody diarrhea hemolytic uremia syndrome anemia shistocytes in blood smear thrombocytopenia
Shigella
gram negative catalase positive bloody diarrhea shiga-like toxin hx of undercooked meat hemolytic uremia syndrome most common cause of UTI
E. coli (EHEC)
gram negative catalase positive most common cause of UTI watery diarrhea hx of travel to mexico
E. coli (ETEC)
gram negative
mimics appendicitis
bloody diarrhea
transmitted through puppy feces or contaminated milk
Yersinia enterocolitica
gram negative
Bubonic plague
Yersinia pestis
Gram negative curved rod oxidase positive bloody diarrhea reactive arthritis transmitted through animal intestines guillane-barre syndrome
Campylobacter jejuni
guillane-barr syndrome
campylobacter jejuni
ascending demyelination
gram negative curved rod
profuse rice water diarrhea
fecal-oral transmission from contaminated water
common after natural disasters w/ no access to clean water
Vibrio cholera
wound while in salt water (diving)
consumption of raw seafood
vibrio parahemolyticus and vulnificus
gram negative curve rod
urease positive
stomach/ duodenal ulcers
risk for adenocarcinoma
Helicobacter pylori
gram negative grape-like odor catalase positive common lung infection in CF patients UTI from indwelling catheter hot tub folliculitis Ecthyma gangrenosum otitis externa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ecthyma gangrenosum > black necrotic lesions
gram negative rod urease positive UTI stag-horn like kidney stones fishy odor
Proteus mirabilis
gram negative rod
conjuctivitis with lacrimation followed by…
whooping cough with excess mucous
massive lymphocytosis
bordatella pertussis
gram negative coccobacillus child stridor cherry red epiglottitis otitis media meningitis
Haemophilus influenzae
Pontiac fever
legionella pneumophila
mild flu like symptoms
gram negative rod pneumonia diarrhea high fever headache and neurologic symptoms hyponatremia
Legionella pneumophila
Legionnaire’s disease
gram negative rod immunocompromised patient presents with... painful lymphadenopathy red angiomatous skin lesions hx of cat scratch
Bartonella henselae
gram negative rod undulant fever rising and falling anorexia osteomyelitis consumption of unpasteurized milk or working with animals (vet, farmer, slaughterhouse)
Brucella
gram negative coccobacillus
tick bite from dermacentor tick (rabbits)
eschars with caseating necrosis and painful lymphadenopathy
Francisella tulerinsis
tularemia
gram negative rod
cat/dog bite followed by cellulitis and osteomyelitis
Pasteurella multocida
gram negative rod acid fast cough with hemoptysis night sweats cavitary lesions with caseating necrosis in the lungs (upper lobes) Immunosuppression or aging Lesions in brain
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Miliary (brain lesions called tuberculomas)
Primary occurs in childhood, also presents with cavitary lesions but in the middle and lower lobes.
gram negative rod acid fast hairless well demarcated lesions or glove and stocking neuropathy skin lesions leonine face
Mycobacterium leprae
tuberculoid leprosy
or
lepromatous leprosy
spirochete (poorly staining)
erythema chronica migrans
flu like symptoms
what is the vector?
Borrelia burgdorferi
ixodes scapularis tick
Stage 1 of Lyme disease
spirochete (poorly staining)
Heart block with myocarditis
bell’s palsy
Borrelia burgdorferi
Stage 2 of Lyme disease
Spirochete (poorly staining)
migratory polyarthritis (large joints like knee)
CNS effects
encephalopathy
Borrelia burgdorferi
Stage 3 of Lyme disease
Leading cause of infectious blindness
hand to eye transmission
Reiter’s syndrome
Chlamydia trachomatis
A-C serotype
STI
watery discharge
can be vertically transmitted giving child pneumonia and conjunctivitis
Reiter’s syndrome
Chlamydia trachomatis
D-K serotype
STI Lymphogranuloma venereum (painful inguinal lymph nodes) small pupule stellate abcesses of nodes lymphedema scarring and strictures Reiter's syndrome
Chlamydia trachomatis
L1-L3 serotype
Uveitis
Urethritis
arthritis
Can’t see, can’t pee, and can’t climb a tree
Chlamydia trachomatis
Reiter’s syndrome
Granuloma inguinale
Klebsiella granulomatis
outside US coccobacillary protuberant painless lesions no lymph node involvement Primary ulcerates scarring
Klebsiella granulomatis
granuloma inguinale
Chancroid
hemophilus ducreyi
outside US
Painful papule
may have lymph node involvement
primary ulcerates
hemophilus ducreyi
chancroid
syphilis
treponema pallidum
Spirochete
painless chancre on genitals
Treponema pallidum
syphilis
first stage
Spirochete
maculopapular rash all over the body, including palms and soles of feet
condylum latum
Treponema pallidum
syphilis
second stage
condylum latum –> warty growths
Spirochete
Soft growth with firm necrotic center (name?)
ascending aortic aneurysm with thick wrinkled appearance
posterior spinal column damage
argyll-robertson pupils that do not respond to light
Treponema pallidum
syphilis
tertiary stage
Gray-white vaginal discharge with fishy odor
Clue cells
Gardnerella vaginalis
Walking pneumonia
patchy infiltrate
hx of close quarter living (military recruits)
mycoplasma pneumoniae
Headache Fever myalgias rash on wrists and ankles spreading to trunk what is the vector?
Rickettsia rickettsi
“rocky mountain spotted fever”
dermacentor ticks
pneumonia
encephalitis
rash starts on trunk and spreads to extremities but spares hands and feet
what is the vector?
Rickettsia prowazeki
typhus
spread by lice
List the Gram Positive bacteria
Staph
Strep
2 spore formers:
Bacillus anthracis
Clostridium
2 Non spore formers:
Corynebacterium diptheriae
Listeria monocytogenes
