Bacteria Flashcards by Tom Damiani

Pneumonia
septic arthritis
impetigo
endocarditis
osteomyelitis
food poisoning
toxic shock syndrome
catalase positive
coagulase positive
beta-hemolytic

Staphylococcus aureus

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infections of prosthetic joints, artificial heart valves, and indwelling catheters
valvular endocarditis
catalase positive
ureasea positive
beta hemolytic

Staphylococcus epidermidis

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UTI in sexually active females

catalase positive

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

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Impetigo
Pharyngitis
catalase negative

Streptococcus pyrogenes (A)

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Red swollen tongue
pharyngitis
widespread rash sparing face

Scarlet fever (strep pyogenes)

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Untreated Pharyngitis
fever
mitral regurg
JONES criteria
joints (polyarthritis)
heart (myocarditis)
nodules
erythema marginatum
syndenham chorea

Rheumatic fever, rheumatic heart

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hx of Pharyngitis
cola-colored urine
kidney disease

post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis

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Neonate with meningitis, pneumonia, and sepsis

Streptococcal agalactiae

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most common cause of community acquired lobar pneumonia
MOPS
Meningitis
otitis media
pneumonia
sinusitis

Streptococcal pneumoniae

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endocarditis after dental work

Streptococcus viridans

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endocarditis
UTI
biliary tree infection

Enterococcus faecium, faecialis (group D strep)

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spore forming gram positive
Eschar-like lesions
association with animals
hemorrhagic mediastinitis
widened mediastinum

Bacillus anthracis

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vomitting after eating reheated fried rice

Bacillus cereus

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Spore forming gram positive
trismus
Risus sardonicus
spastic contraction of back and extensors

Clostridium tetanus
trisumus > lockjaw
risus sardonicus > evil grin

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Spore forming gram positive
descending flaccid paralysis
diplopia, ptosis
hx of eating canned food
children eating honey

Clostridium botulinum

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spore forming gram positive

watery diarrhea

clostridium difficile

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non-spore forming gram positive
dense gray pseudomembrane on pharynx
myocarditis, arrhythmia, 
lymphadenopathy
demyelination

Corynebacterium diptheriae

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non-spore forming gram positive
catalase positive
beta-hemolytic
fever
gastroenteritis
meningitis
hx of eating unpasteurized milk/cheese

Listeria monocytogenes

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gram negative
rapid onset hypovolemic/septic shock
petechial rash
waterhouse-friderischen syndrome
hx of close quarters (college dorms or military recruits)

Neisseria meningiditis

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gram negative 
STI
purulent discahrge
painful epididymis
skin lesions (fingers of dentist)
Fitz hugh curtis syndrome

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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Fitz hugh curtis syndrome

neisseria gonorrhoeae

violin string adhesions to liver and diaphragm

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Waterhouse-Frigerischen syndrome

Neisseria meningiditis

adrenal insufficiency

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gram negative
urease positive
pneumonia with currant jelly sputum
UTI
necrotizing cavitary lesions in lungs

Klebsiella pneumoniae

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gram negative
gastroenteritis
hx of eating undercooked chicken or raw egg

salmonella enteriditis

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``` gram negative Fever rose spot rash pea green soup diarrhea with some blood live in gall bladder ```

salmonella typhi | typoid fever

typhoid fever

salmonella typhi

``` gram negative acid stabile bloody diarrhea hemolytic uremia syndrome anemia shistocytes in blood smear thrombocytopenia ```

Shigella

``` gram negative catalase positive bloody diarrhea shiga-like toxin hx of undercooked meat hemolytic uremia syndrome most common cause of UTI ```

E. coli (EHEC)

``` gram negative catalase positive most common cause of UTI watery diarrhea hx of travel to mexico ```

E. coli (ETEC)

gram negative mimics appendicitis bloody diarrhea transmitted through puppy feces or contaminated milk

Yersinia enterocolitica

gram negative | Bubonic plague

Yersinia pestis

``` Gram negative curved rod oxidase positive bloody diarrhea reactive arthritis transmitted through animal intestines guillane-barre syndrome ```

Campylobacter jejuni

guillane-barr syndrome

campylobacter jejuni | ascending demyelination

gram negative curved rod profuse rice water diarrhea fecal-oral transmission from contaminated water common after natural disasters w/ no access to clean water

Vibrio cholera

wound while in salt water (diving) | consumption of raw seafood

vibrio parahemolyticus and vulnificus

gram negative curve rod urease positive stomach/ duodenal ulcers risk for adenocarcinoma

Helicobacter pylori

``` gram negative grape-like odor catalase positive common lung infection in CF patients UTI from indwelling catheter hot tub folliculitis Ecthyma gangrenosum otitis externa ```

Pseudomonas aeruginosa | ecthyma gangrenosum > black necrotic lesions

``` gram negative rod urease positive UTI stag-horn like kidney stones fishy odor ```

Proteus mirabilis

gram negative rod conjuctivitis with lacrimation followed by... whooping cough with excess mucous massive lymphocytosis

bordatella pertussis

``` gram negative coccobacillus child stridor cherry red epiglottitis otitis media meningitis ```

Haemophilus influenzae

Pontiac fever

legionella pneumophila | mild flu like symptoms

``` gram negative rod pneumonia diarrhea high fever headache and neurologic symptoms hyponatremia ```

Legionella pneumophila | Legionnaire's disease

``` gram negative rod immunocompromised patient presents with... painful lymphadenopathy red angiomatous skin lesions hx of cat scratch ```

Bartonella henselae

``` gram negative rod undulant fever rising and falling anorexia osteomyelitis consumption of unpasteurized milk or working with animals (vet, farmer, slaughterhouse) ```

Brucella

gram negative coccobacillus tick bite from dermacentor tick (rabbits) eschars with caseating necrosis and painful lymphadenopathy

Francisella tulerinsis | tularemia

gram negative rod | cat/dog bite followed by cellulitis and osteomyelitis

Pasteurella multocida

``` gram negative rod acid fast cough with hemoptysis night sweats cavitary lesions with caseating necrosis in the lungs (upper lobes) Immunosuppression or aging Lesions in brain ```

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Miliary (brain lesions called tuberculomas) Primary occurs in childhood, also presents with cavitary lesions but in the middle and lower lobes.

``` gram negative rod acid fast hairless well demarcated lesions or glove and stocking neuropathy skin lesions leonine face ```

Mycobacterium leprae tuberculoid leprosy or lepromatous leprosy

spirochete (poorly staining) erythema chronica migrans flu like symptoms what is the vector?

Borrelia burgdorferi ixodes scapularis tick Stage 1 of Lyme disease

spirochete (poorly staining) Heart block with myocarditis bell's palsy

Borrelia burgdorferi | Stage 2 of Lyme disease

Spirochete (poorly staining) migratory polyarthritis (large joints like knee) CNS effects encephalopathy

Borrelia burgdorferi | Stage 3 of Lyme disease

Leading cause of infectious blindness hand to eye transmission Reiter's syndrome

Chlamydia trachomatis | A-C serotype

STI watery discharge can be vertically transmitted giving child pneumonia and conjunctivitis Reiter's syndrome

Chlamydia trachomatis | D-K serotype

``` STI Lymphogranuloma venereum (painful inguinal lymph nodes) small pupule stellate abcesses of nodes lymphedema scarring and strictures Reiter's syndrome ```

Chlamydia trachomatis | L1-L3 serotype

Uveitis Urethritis arthritis Can't see, can't pee, and can't climb a tree

Chlamydia trachomatis | Reiter's syndrome

Granuloma inguinale

Klebsiella granulomatis

``` outside US coccobacillary protuberant painless lesions no lymph node involvement Primary ulcerates scarring ```

Klebsiella granulomatis | granuloma inguinale

Chancroid

hemophilus ducreyi

outside US Painful papule may have lymph node involvement primary ulcerates

hemophilus ducreyi | chancroid

syphilis

treponema pallidum

Spirochete | painless chancre on genitals

Treponema pallidum syphilis first stage

Spirochete maculopapular rash all over the body, including palms and soles of feet condylum latum

Treponema pallidum syphilis second stage condylum latum --> warty growths

Spirochete Soft growth with firm necrotic center (name?) ascending aortic aneurysm with thick wrinkled appearance posterior spinal column damage argyll-robertson pupils that do not respond to light

Treponema pallidum syphilis tertiary stage

Gray-white vaginal discharge with fishy odor | Clue cells

Gardnerella vaginalis

Walking pneumonia patchy infiltrate hx of close quarter living (military recruits)

mycoplasma pneumoniae

``` Headache Fever myalgias rash on wrists and ankles spreading to trunk what is the vector? ```

Rickettsia rickettsi "rocky mountain spotted fever" dermacentor ticks

pneumonia encephalitis rash starts on trunk and spreads to extremities but spares hands and feet what is the vector?

Rickettsia prowazeki typhus spread by lice

List the Gram Positive bacteria

Staph Strep 2 spore formers: Bacillus anthracis Clostridium 2 Non spore formers: Corynebacterium diptheriae Listeria monocytogenes

Bacteria Flashcards

(68 cards)