viruses

Question 1

viruses are NOT

Answer 1

living

Question 2

viruses can’t live

Answer 2

on its own

Question 3

viruses are not cells they are

Answer 3

infectious particles

Question 4

obligate intracellular parasite meaning

Answer 4

to reproduces they need put DNA in cells

Question 5

viruses anatomy

Answer 5

Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) + protein coat (capsid)

Question 6

some viruses have what else to thereanatomy

Answer 6

outer membranes

Question 7

how do shapes of the virus relate

Answer 7

viruses are classified by shape and how they reprodouce

Question 8

lytic cycle

Answer 8

burst to make more cells

Question 9

lytic cells are virulent viruses meaning

Answer 9

lethal/deadly

Question 10

lytic cycle is where viruses

Answer 10

destroy cells

Question 11

virulent

Answer 11

virus with only a lytic cycle

Question 12

steps of lytic cycle

Answer 12

1.Attatchment(absorbtion)
2. penetration
3.replicaiton
4.assembly
5.release

Question 13

1. attachment (lytic cycle)

Answer 13

-virus attaches to receptors on host cell wall
-happens with specificity ( lock and key)

Question 14

2. penetration (lytic cycle)

Answer 14

-Viral nucleic acid enters through plasma membrane —>host
-Capsid remains outside host

Question 15

3. Replication (lytic cycle)

Answer 15

Copy viral nucleic acid and proteins

Question 16

4. Assembly (lytic cycle)

Answer 16

New virus parts assembled

Question 17

5.release (lytic phase)

Answer 17

-phage makes lytic enzymes to destroy host
-New viruses released

Question 18

Lysogenic cycle (or dorment)

Answer 18

-can move into this cycle temporarily then move to lytic cycle
-Do not always destroy host
it hides
-Bacteria replicates all genetic material

Question 19

prophage

Answer 19

loop of DNA combo of bacteria and reg cell is called a lysogenic cell

Question 20

lysogenic

Answer 20

viral and host genomes become ONE 🡪 prophage (Lysogenic cell)
they coexist with cell

Question 21

dorment

Answer 21

not actively making new viruses ( no bacteria material)

Question 22

Lysogenic Conversion
(only for some types of bacteria

Answer 22

Lysogenic cells exhibit converts to new properties

Question 23

reteroviruses

Answer 23

RNA virus
dsDNA into host genome
RNA polymerases transcribe incorporated DNA into copies of viral RNA
Viral proteins made
Capsid produced
New viruses assembled

Question 24

Reverse transcriptase:

Answer 24

RNA→ DNA intermediate

transcription reversed

Question 25

what type of retrovirus ex do you need tk

Answer 25

HIV

Question 26

Emerging Viruses

Answer 26

New or previously uncommon

Question 27

why do outbreaks of emerging viruses happen

Answer 27

Extend range-transporting viruses
High mutation rates