Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology > Viruses > Flashcards

Viruses Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Who and how were discovered viruses?

A

Dmitri Ivanovsky: took diseased plant and blended it in blender. Poured through membrane filter and grew on agar. He tested each organism onto a plant. He then took filtrate and applied it to plant. Discovered unfiltered infectious poison.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the size ranges of most virueses?

A

20-1000 nanometers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the shapes of a virus?

A

polyhedral (diamond shape), helical (tube shaped), and complex viruses (spider like)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is an enveloped virus?

A

A virus with a phospholipid bilayer covering with “spikes.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is an non-enveloped virus?

A

A virus without an covering. (naked)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are capsids?

A

container made of protein.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a capsomere?

A

individual protein.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What types of genomes go viral?

A

more varied. It either has DNA or RNA not both. Viruses can be single/double stranded DNA or RNA. Can contain single or segmented DNA/RNA and can be linear or circular.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are bacteriophage?

A

virus that attacks bacteria.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the steps in the lytic replication cycle?

A

attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation, and release.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a plaque?

A

an area of virus that killed bacteria on agar. (similar to a colony)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a prophage?

A

virus inserted into hosts cells chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is an induction?

A

viral DNA is sent out of chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is lysogenic conversion?

A

prophage (addition to host cells genotype) changes the hosts cells phenotype.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a host range?

A

certain viruses infect certain cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What occurs in direct penetration?

A

capsid attaches to host cell (with matching receptors) and viral genome is released into cell.

17
Q

What occurs during membrane fusion?

A

viral envelope melts into hosts cell membrane, uncoating releases the capsid (viral genome).

18
Q

What is uncoating?

A

releases the viral genome

19
Q

what is the effect of uncoating?

A

infects the cell

20
Q

What is lysing?

A

bust through cell by lysing the host cell.

21
Q

What is budding?

A

Capsid pushes through host cell thus breaking off. It is covered by the host cells membrane.

22
Q

What are viral spikes?

A

proteins

23
Q

What is hemagglutinin used for?

A

used for attachment. (entering)

24
Q

What is Neuraminidase used for?

A

needed for budding. (exiting)

Microbiology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions