Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RACP Paeds Written Exam > Viruses > Flashcards

Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Mechanism of action of acyclovir / -ciclorvirs?

A

Inhibits viral DNA polymerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Mechanism of action of foscarnet?`

A

Inhibits viral DNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase and pyrophosphate-binding site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mechanism of action of Oseltamivir?

A

Neuraminidase inhibitor - interferes with de-aggregation and release of viral progeny

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Mechanism of action of ribavirin?

A

Interferes with viral messenger RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mechanism of palivizumab?

A

RSV antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

URTI symptoms, flushed cheeks and lacy rash. Arthropathy later. Virus?

A

Parvo B19

Small DNA virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cause of anaemia post Parvo infection?

A

Transient aplastic crisis - Parvo propagates in erythropoietic cells and myocardial cells.
Increased RBC destruction can cause anaemia if underlying haemolytic disease present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Complications of Parvo infection?

A

Chronic haemolytic anaemia
Impaired humeral immunity (marrow failure)
Perinatal infection - hydrops fetalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Management of Parvo?

A

Supportive. IVIG if aplasia

School exclusion only if RBC aplasia (usually most infectious pre-rash unless viraemic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

High fever & febrile convulsions followed by appearance of mobiliform rash. Leukopenic. Pathogen?

A

HHV6

Double stranded DNA virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Complications of HHV6?

A

Latent in monocytes/macrophages. Reactivation during BMT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Rate of seizures in HHV6?

A

Most common cause of febrile seizure
1/3 w HHV6 have febrile seizures
Higher rate of complex febrile seizure and post-octal paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Kaposi sarcoma?

A

HHV8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

URTI sx with red eyes, sub occipital/post-auricular/cervical LN and pinpoint petechiae on soft palate. Pathogen?

A

Rubella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cause of false positive for rubella IgM?

A

CMV/EBV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Complications of rubella?

A

Congenital rubella
Arthritis
Thrombocytopenia/haemolytic anaemia
Myocarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Post-exposure prophylaxis for rubella?

A

MMR vaccine can be given up to 3 days after exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

School exclusion for rubella?

A

7 days post rash.

Exclusion up to 1 year old for congenital rubella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fever, cough, otitis media, white spots in mouth and then rash that started behind ears/on face and spread downwards. Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Pathogen?

A

Measles

Paramyxovirus - single stranded enveloped RNA virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Virulence factors for measles infection?

A

Envelope proteins - haemagluttinin and fusion proteins antibodies limit infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Complications of measles?

A

Subacute pansclerosing encephalitis - up to 7 years post disease
Encephalitis
Otitis media, pneumonia, myocarditis

22
Q

Post exposure prophylaxis for measles?

A

MMR within 72hrs
Immunoglobulin
If declines vaccine then exclude from school for 14 days

23
Q

URTI sx and parotitis / orchitis. Elevated serum amylase. Leukopenia with lymphocytosis. Pathogen?

A

Mumps

Single stranded RNA with lipoprotein envelope

24
Q

Complications of mumps?

A

Congenital mumps - IUGR, spont abortion in 1st trimester
Orchitis
Pancreatitis
Myocarditis

25
Q

Low grade fever, malaise, anorexia, 200-500 vesicles. Leukopenia and lymphocytosis. LFT derangement. Pathogen?

A

Varicella

Neurotropic human herpes virus - enveloped double stranded DNA

26
Q

Complications of VZV?

A

Congenital varicella - limb hypoplasia, skin scarring, microcephaly, chorioretinitis, cataracts
Latent infection in dorsal root ganglia - Herpes Zoster
Pneumonitis
Acute cerebellar ataxia

27
Q

Treatment for VZV?

A

Aciclovir if immunocompromised, severe eczema, neonatal or severe disease. Needs to be initiated within 24-72hrs of rash onset

28
Q

Post exposure prophylaxis for VZV?

A

Vaccine within 72hrs of exposure

VZV IG if vaccine contraindicated (chemo), pregnant, neonate

29
Q

School exclusion for VZV?

A

Until all lesions crusted

If contact not consenting to vaccine - isolate for 21 days

30
Q

Risk factors for CMV in transplant pts?

A 
CMV mismatch (pos donor, neg recipient)
Decreased T cell function 
Transplanting organ with viraemia
31
Q

Best investigation for CMV?

A

Urine CMV PCR
IgM not useful - takes weeks/months
Low avidity of IgG for 4-6mths post infection

32
Q

Treatment of CMV in immunosuppressed pt?

A

Ganciclovir / foscarnet / cidofivir

33
Q

Child presents w 2/52 fever, lymphadenopathy, heptosplenomegaly and eyelid edema. Lymphocytosis. Pathogen?

A

EBV

34
Q

Complications of EBV?

A

Splenic rupture
Lymphoproliferative disease - HLH, lymphoid granulomatosis, X-linked lymphoproliferative disease
Hodgkin, Burkitt’s, nasopharyngeal ca
In immunosuppressed pt - oral hairy leukoplakia

35
Q

Test for EBV?

A

Monospot - heterophile antibody
Only positive 2-9 weeks post infection
25% false negative in younger children

36
Q

Bronchiolitis in 6mth old what pathogen?

A

RSV
RNA virus - enveloped
Does not undergo antigenic shift

37
Q

RFs for RSV / indications for palivizumab?

A

CLD
Congenital heart disease and <2yrs old
Prem <28 weeks

38
Q

LRTI and hemorrhagic cystitis. Pathogen?

A

Human metapneumovirus
2nd most common URTI cause after RSV
Double stranded DNA virus

39
Q

Hand, foot, mouth blisters with fever. Outbreak in summer/autumn at daycare. Pathogen?

A

Coxsackie A

40
Q

Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis. Well systemically. Pathogen?

A

Enterovirus / coxsackie A24

41
Q

Most common cause of viral myocarditis/pericarditis?

A

Coxsackie B

42
Q

Antigenic shift?

A

Point mutation in respective gene, causes variant to be predominant virus

43
Q

Antigenic drift?

A

Sudden appearance of new HA subgroup - new surface antigens now means no prev immunity conferred
Only occurs with influenza A virus

44
Q

Oseltamivir mechanism of action?

A

Neuraminidase inhibitor

45
Q

Contraindications to rotavirus vaccine?`

A

Anaphylaxis
Prev intussusception or anatomical variant pre-disposing to intussusception
SCID

46
Q

HPV assoc w genital warts?

A

6, 11

47
Q

HPV assoc w cervical ca?

A

16, 18

48
Q

Primary route of HIV transmission in kids?

A

Vertical
30-40% intra-uterine
60-70% intra-partum
elLUSCS reduces risk by 87%

49
Q

Zidovudine mechanism of action?

A

Reverse transcriptase inhibitor

SEs - lactic acidosis, hepatic steatosis

50
Q

Traveller returned from Cambodia/Thailand - fever and myalgia ++, retro-orbital pain and when tourniquet applied for venepuncture petichiae are noted. Pathogen?

A

Dengue

51
Q

Negri body. Pathogen?

A

Rabies

52
Q

Transplant nephropathy. Pathogen?

A

BK virus

RACP Paeds Written Exam (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions