Virus Review Flashcards
+ RNA
can be directly translated into protein
other steps for everything else
(even + RNA needs to become - RNA to replicate!)
enveloped viruses
retro (HIV, HTLV-1)
Influenza
Hep B, C, D
herpes (ALL)
Pos
RSV
Measles
non-enveloped viruses
picorna (polio, rhino, Hep A)
papova (HPV, JC, BK, MeCPV, WI, HU)
adeno
Retrovirus nucleic acid and site of rep
HIV, HTLA-1
+ RNA
nuclear replication
Influenza nucleic acid and site of rep
- RNA, segments
nuclear replication
Hep B nucleic acid and site of rep
gap dsDNA
nuclear replication
Hep D nucleic acid and site of rep
RNA viroid
nuclear replication
Hep C nucleic acid and site of rep
+ RNA
cytoplasmic replication
Herpes nucleic acid and site of rep
dsDNA
nuclear replication
pox nucleic acid and site of rep
ds DNA
cytoplamsic replication
RSV nucleic acid and site of rep
- RNA
cytoplasmic
measles nucleic acid and site of rep
- RNA
cytoplasmic replication
mistakes in replicating genome - most? least? basis/advantage? consequences?
RNA viruses!
no proofreading
DNA viruses have proofreading
mutation, evolve fast, evade immune - make a ton bc a lot are unfit
drug resistance!
whyich virus has a unique way of massive rapid change?
genetic shift - influenza!! in bigs, mixing vessel for shift
drift - mutation, why new vaccine each year
therapeutic strategies unique to env viruses?
fusion - merging of 2 membranes, has to be catalyzed!
what can be treated with nt analogs?
HIV, HBV, herpes
which can be vaccinated against?
flu, HBV, chickenpox, measles
picornaviruses
polio, rhino, HAV
picornavirus nucleic acid and site of rep
+ RNA
cytoplasmic
papovavirus nucleic acid and site of rep
dsDNA
nuclear
adenovirus nucleic acid and site of rep
dsDNA
nuclear
acute viral lifestyle
chronic viral lifestyle
chronic, HBV, HCV
herpes lifecycle
HIV lifecycle
viruses with latency
herpes, HIV
viruses with integration
HIV, HTLV
RV!
herpes don’t integrate
viruses that change for persistence
HCV - immune editing, mutation –> selection
RNA virus
nucleoside analogs
needs to be TriPO4 to be active
P by cell kinases
toxicity in rapidly dividing cells (not acyclovir)
protease inhibitors
HIV, polio, HAV, herpes (scaffold)
used in HAV and HCV
anitsense phosphothoirate oligont
CMV
polymerase inhibitors
HCV
HIV (RT)
CMV (gangcyclovir)
herpes (acyclovir)
Foscarnet (IV, toxic)
neuraminidase inhibitors
flue - can’t get out
NA on surface
which viruses are assocated with malignancies
HIV, HTLV1
Hep B, Hep C
Herpes - EBV, KSHV
HPV
viral dominant GOF oncogenes
v-onc lead to identification of human proto-oncogenes
HTLV1 - tax
EBV - LMP1, EBNA2
KSHV
iral oncoproteins that antagonize cell tumor suppressor
HPV - E6/E7
basal cell will only divide when it touches basement membrane - only make viruses as top
E6 - take away p53
break E2 - make more E6, E7, cell growht not controlled
indirect viral cause of cancer
HCV, HBV (necoinflammatory response)
HIV - immunosuppression
IFN-a
produced by leukocytes
induced by virus infection, dsRNA
IFN-b
produced by fibroblasts, epithelial cells
induced by virus infection, dsRNA
ifn-g
produced by T cells, NK cells
induced by ags, IL-2, IL-12
virus foiling acquired immune system
latency - no protein produced (herpes)
ag variation - change (all RNA viruses, influenza has more)
remove MHC - mess w ag presentation (herpes, HIV)
live attenuated vaccines
polio, VZV, smallpox, rotavirus, measles, mumps, rubella
killed vaccines
polio, hav, influenza
subunit vaccines
HPV, HBV (cancer)
enteric
polio, HAV,
respiratory
rhinovirus, flu
sexual transmission
herpes, hbv, hiv, hcv (msm)
