Misc Viruses Flashcards
Measles basics
- RNA
enveloped
infects epithelial
spreads via lymph and blood
replicates in respiratory, urinary, CNS
rash
measles rash
hypersensitivity!
T cell response to virally infected endothelial cells lining capillaries
measles immunity
life long after natural infection
vaccine! live attenuated - cellular and humoral immunity
if no T cell immunity - no rash but more serious (need cell mediated immunity to stop acute infections
re-emerging in non-vaccinated pops
Mumps
non-specific symptoms
most common feature is swelling of salivary glansd
can lead to sterility, impared fertility, meningitis
vaccine!!
Rubella
+ RNA
usually asymptomatic but maternal rubella leads to birth defects
replication in cytosol
vaccination to prevent pregnant woemn from getting
viral gatroenteritis
sudden, short
wtery stools (no blood/mucus)
self limited in healthy
chronic diarrhea and mortality if immunocompromised
environmentally tough, live on surfaces
high viral load in feces
highly contagious large human resevoir (a lot of shedding)
viral rep in mature enterocytes of SI - villus shortening and atrophy and inflammation, bluting, leakage between tight junctions
Rotavirus
dsRNA - segmented!
childhood
tons of virus
vaccine! live, oral - induces mucosal immune response (IgA to be productive
Norovirus
+ RNA
normally not serious
long viral shedding
more in adults
vomiting in kids, diarrhea in adults
Rabies
- RNA
engeloped
nonsegmented
few cases in US - some imported
Bats = most common vector
virus in bite –> enters peripheral nerves from muscle –? travels from nerves to CNS –> replicates in brain –> exits CNS via salivary gland
Rabies treatment
Rabies IG - passive immunization
killed, inactivated vaccine - 2 wks to build response
symptoms - flu, CNS, die
West nile virus
+ RNA
spread by mosquitos, between birds and humans
humans are dead end host
most recover without treatment
