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Micro Lecture Unit 3 > Virulence Chart Flashcards > Flashcards

Virulence Chart Flashcards

1
Q

Invasins

A

enable bacterial entry into the cell by phagocytosis

GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus,Strep pyogenes

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2
Q

Adhesins

A

enable them to bind to specific receptor molecules on the surface of host
GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pneumoniae

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3
Q

Enterotoxin

A

acts on the intestinal wall (causes GI upset); “Food poisoning”
GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus

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4
Q

Endotoxin

A

Pieces of the bacterium which are toxic to humans Two types: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS): a protein in the cell wall of many Gram negative organisms and Lipid A: A portion of the lipopolysaccharide which is also antigenetic
GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Gram negative only

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5
Q

Exotoxin

A

produced by a bacterium and then released from the cell. Example is hemolysin
GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus,Strep pyogenes

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6
Q

Neurotoxin

A

Disrupts nerve cells

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7
Q

Anthrax toxin

A

Shock and death

GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Bacillus anthracis

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8
Q

Tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT)

A

Spastic paralysis and death

GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Clostridium

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9
Q

Botulism toxin

A

Paralysis and death

GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Clostridium

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10
Q

Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) Toxin

A

Causes toxic shock

GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus,Strep pyogenes

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11
Q

Diptheria toxin

A

Pseudomembrane grows over trachea, blocks airway

GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Coryneobacterium

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12
Q

H Ag

A

Flagella; helps spread the disease

GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Bacillus cereus

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13
Q

K Ag

A

Capsule; helps protect against phagocytosis

GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pyogenes, Strep pneumoniae

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14
Q

O Ag

A

LPS sugars; part of the bacterial cell wall, triggers immune response
GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Gram negative only

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15
Q

Endospores

A

Allow survival in dry conditions

GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Bacillus cereus

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16
Q

Angiotropic

A

Causes blood vessels to grow towards it to feed it

GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Many organisms

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17
Q

Beta lactamase

A

Breaks down penicillin and other β -lactam antimicrobial drugs
GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus, Bacillus cereus

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18
Q

MDR plasmids

A

genes that provide resistance to antibiotics

GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Many organisms

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19
Q

Facultative

A

capable of survival even in phagocytes that exert oxidative / non-oxidative mechanisms
GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Many organisms

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20
Q

Ribosylase

A

modifies host’s proteins, causing massive fluid secretion from the lining of the lumen (small intestine, trachea). Seen in cholera toxin, diphtheria toxin, and pertussis toxin.
GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Coryneobacterium

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21
Q

Slime layer

A

Inhibit chemotaxis of and phagocytosis by leukocytes, Facilitates attachment of Staphylococcus to artificial surface
GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus

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22
Q

Biofilm

A

Adherence to prosthetic devices

GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph Epidermidis

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23
Q

Protein A

A

interferes with humoral immune responses by binding Fc region of IgG antibodies; Inhibits the complement cascade (part of immune response which pops the bacterial cell membrane)
GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Many organisms

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24
Q

Protein M

A

interferes with opsonization and lysis

GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pyogenes

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25
Catalase
Deactivates hydrogen peroxide in WBC lysosomes | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Many organisms
26
Coagulase
prevents blood coagulation so organism can spread | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus
27
IgA or IgG Protease
avoids agglutination by antibodies | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pneumoniae
28
Prostaglandins
``` causes fever (pyrogenic) and inflammation GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Many organisms ```
29
Hyaluronidase
dissolves fluid between cells so bacteria can spread faster between tissue planes GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus
30
Superoxide dismutase (SOD)
enzyme that deactivates bleach and other contents of lysosomes. GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus
31
Staphylokinase/Fibrinolysin
digests clots so bacteria can spread | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus
32
Streptokinase
digests clots so bacteria can spread | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pyogenes
33
Streptolysin
Ruptures blood cells | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pyogenes
34
Pyrogenic toxins
stimulate macrophages and helper T cells to release cytokines GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pyogenes
35
Lipase
Digest lipids, allowing it to grow on the skin’s surface
36
DNAse
reduces viscosity in abscesses | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus
37
Alpha hemolysis
Partially breaks down red blood cells | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pneumonia
38
Beta hymolysis
Completely breaks down red blood cells | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus, Strep pyogenes, Strep agalactia
39
Gamma hemolysis
Does not break down red blood cells | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Enterococcus
40
Quorum sensing
Ability to coordinate gene expression according to the density of their local population. GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph Epidermidis
41
Pneumolysin
Destroys lung tissue | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pneumoniae
42
Phosphorylcholine
stimulates cells to phagocytize the bacteria | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pneumoniae
43
Furuncle
A boil | Organism: Staph aureus
44
Carbuncle
A mass of boils | Organism: Staph aureus
45
Scalded Skin Syndrome
Exfolative Toxin | Organism: Staph aureus
46
Cellulits
Bacteria spreading between soft tissues | Organism: Staph aureus
47
Necrotizing fascitis
destroys muscle and fat tissue | Organism: Staph aureus,Strep pyogenes
48
Toxic shock
Bacteremia (bacteria in blood) and multisystem failure | Organism: Staph aureus,Strep pyogenes
49
Enterointoxication
GI upset, NVD | Organism: Staph aureus
50
Pneumonia
Fluid in lungs from destruction of tissues there | Organism: Staph aureus
51
Osteomyelitis
Bone infection | Organism: Staph aureus
52
Renal abcess
Pus lesion in kidneys | Organism: Staph aureus
53
Endocarditis
Infection inside heart lining and valves | Organism: Staph aureus
54
Septic embolism
A mass of infectious cells traveling in blood, may cause clot Organism: Staph aureus
55
MRSA
Methicillin Resistant Staph aureus; often occurs in hospitals Organism: Staph aureus
56
Rheumatic fever
inflammation that leads to damage of heart valves | Organism: Staph aureus & strep pyogenes
57
Invasins
enable bacterial entry into the cell by phagocytosis | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus,Strep pyogenes
58
Adhesins
enable them to bind to specific receptor molecules on the surface of host GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pneumoniae
59
Enterotoxin
acts on the intestinal wall (causes GI upset); "Food poisoning" GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus
60
Endotoxin
Pieces of the bacterium which are toxic to humans Two types: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS): a protein in the cell wall of many Gram negative organisms and Lipid A: A portion of the lipopolysaccharide which is also antigenetic GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Gram negative only
61
Exotoxin
produced by a bacterium and then released from the cell. Example is hemolysin GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus,Strep pyogenes
62
Neurotoxin
Disrupts nerve cells
63
Anthrax toxin
Shock and death | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Bacillus anthracis
64
Tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT)
Spastic paralysis and death | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Clostridium
65
Botulism toxin
Paralysis and death | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Clostridium
66
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) Toxin
Causes toxic shock | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus,Strep pyogenes
67
Diptheria toxin
Pseudomembrane grows over trachea, blocks airway | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Coryneobacterium
68
H Ag
Flagella; helps spread the disease | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Bacillus cereus
69
K Ag
Capsule; helps protect against phagocytosis | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pyogenes, Strep pneumoniae
70
O Ag
LPS sugars; part of the bacterial cell wall, triggers immune response GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Gram negative only
71
Endospores
Allow survival in dry conditions | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Bacillus cereus
72
Angiotropic
Causes blood vessels to grow towards it to feed it | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Many organisms
73
Beta lactamase
Breaks down penicillin and other β -lactam antimicrobial drugs GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus, Bacillus cereus
74
MDR plasmids
genes that provide resistance to antibiotics | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Many organisms
75
Facultative
capable of survival even in phagocytes that exert oxidative / non-oxidative mechanisms GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Many organisms
76
Ribosylase
modifies host’s proteins, causing massive fluid secretion from the lining of the lumen (small intestine, trachea). Seen in cholera toxin, diphtheria toxin, and pertussis toxin. GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Coryneobacterium
77
Slime layer
Inhibit chemotaxis of and phagocytosis by leukocytes, Facilitates attachment of Staphylococcus to artificial surface GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus
78
Biofilm
Adherence to prosthetic devices | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph Epidermidis
79
Protein A
interferes with humoral immune responses by binding Fc region of IgG antibodies; Inhibits the complement cascade (part of immune response which pops the bacterial cell membrane) GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Many organisms
80
Protein M
interferes with opsonization and lysis | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pyogenes
81
Catalase
Deactivates hydrogen peroxide in WBC lysosomes | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Many organisms
82
Coagulase
prevents blood coagulation so organism can spread | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus
83
IgA or IgG Protease
avoids agglutination by antibodies | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pneumoniae
84
Prostaglandins
``` causes fever (pyrogenic) and inflammation GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Many organisms ```
85
Hyaluronidase
dissolves fluid between cells so bacteria can spread faster between tissue planes GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus
86
Superoxide dismutase (SOD)
enzyme that deactivates bleach and other contents of lysosomes. GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus
87
Staphylokinase/Fibrinolysin
digests clots so bacteria can spread | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus
88
Streptokinase
digests clots so bacteria can spread | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pyogenes
89
Streptolysin
Ruptures blood cells | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pyogenes
90
Pyrogenic toxins
stimulate macrophages and helper T cells to release cytokines GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pyogenes
91
Lipase
Digest lipids, allowing it to grow on the skin’s surface
92
DNAse
reduces viscosity in abscesses | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus
93
Alpha hemolysis
Partially breaks down red blood cells | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pneumonia
94
Beta hymolysis
Completely breaks down red blood cells | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph aureus, Strep pyogenes, Strep agalactia
95
Gamma hemolysis
Does not break down red blood cells | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Enterococcus
96
Quorum sensing
Ability to coordinate gene expression according to the density of their local population. GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Staph Epidermidis
97
Pneumolysin
Destroys lung tissue | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pneumoniae
98
Phosphorylcholine
stimulates cells to phagocytize the bacteria | GRAM + THAT HAVE THIS: Strep pneumoniae
99
Furuncle
A boil | Organism: Staph aureus
100
Carbuncle
A mass of boils | Organism: Staph aureus
101
Scalded Skin Syndrome
Exfolative Toxin | Organism: Staph aureus
102
Cellulits
Bacteria spreading between soft tissues | Organism: Staph aureus
103
Necrotizing fascitis
destroys muscle and fat tissue | Organism: Staph aureus,Strep pyogenes
104
Toxic shock
Bacteremia (bacteria in blood) and multisystem failure | Organism: Staph aureus,Strep pyogenes
105
Enterointoxication
GI upset, NVD | Organism: Staph aureus
106
Pneumonia
Fluid in lungs from destruction of tissues there | Organism: Staph aureus
107
Osteomyelitis
Bone infection | Organism: Staph aureus
108
Renal abcess
Pus lesion in kidneys | Organism: Staph aureus
109
Endocarditis
Infection inside heart lining and valves | Organism: Staph aureus
110
Septic embolism
A mass of infectious cells traveling in blood, may cause clot Organism: Staph aureus
111
MRSA
Methicillin Resistant Staph aureus; often occurs in hospitals Organism: Staph aureus
112
Rheumatic fever
inflammation that leads to damage of heart valves | Organism: Staph aureus & strep pyogenes

Micro Lecture Unit 3 (7 decks)

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