virtue ethics

Question 1

the good for human beings (teleological)

Answer 1

p1- everything we do is aimed at some good
p2- every good we do is for a higher good
p3- there must be the highest good, otherwise our actions are pointless
c- therefore there is an ultimate good.

Question 2

the good for human beings (teleological)- criticism

Answer 2

p1, some actions appear not to have a purpose or good, such as doodling or day dreaming.

the argument may also commit the fallacy of composition

Question 3

what is the functional argument
ps and cs, if you dont know them, write them down until you do.

Answer 3

used by aristotle to show that eudaimonia is only achieved through exercising our reason.
P1-every body has a function in society, and everybody part plays a function
p2- therefore, humans must have a distinctive function
p3- it cannot be growth or nutrition, as we share these with plants, it cannot be sentience as we share this with animals, it must be reason
c, therefore we should live reason lead lives.

Question 4

critique of functional argument

Answer 4

uses a weak analogy, to show humans have a function. P1 is misleading and not necessarily true .

guilty of fallacy of composition
‘‘every body part has a function, therefore the human must have one”

Question 5

what is the second part of his argument for FUNCTION ps and cs

Answer 5

P4-X fulfils its function well
P5- X must have the correct qualities in order to do so (virtues)
p6- in order for a human to live guided by reason, they must have the correct virtues
p7- eudaimonia is someone with virtues enabling to be guided by reason
c2. therefore eudaimonia is someone with virtues living a life guided by reason