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Virology Block 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Viral Capsid

A

Prot coat surrounding genomic material

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2
Q

Possible forms of capsid

A

Icosohedral and helical

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3
Q

Naked Viruses

A

PAPP and PCR-Parvo, Adeno, Papilloma, Polyoma and Picorna, Calici, Reo

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4
Q

Advantage/Disadvantage lipoprot coat

A

Virus can replicate without lysing cell, avoids immune system/sensitive to heat and acid

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5
Q

Lipoprot coat comes from?

A

Cell membrane! Except herpes come from nuclear membrane

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6
Q

Eclipse vs Latent

A

Eclipse=virus undetectable in serum until detectable intracellularly. Latent=virus not in serum to virus in serum again

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7
Q

Steps in viral replication

A

Attachment, adsorption, uncoating, early mRNA, genome replication, late mRNA, assembly, release

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8
Q

Host cell receptor for HIV, EBV, Rabies

A

CD4, CD21, AcetylcholineR

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9
Q

DNA viruses replicate genome where?

A

Nucleus except pox cuz it’s too big

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10
Q

RNA viruses replicate genome where?

A

cytoplasm except retro and orthomyxo

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11
Q

DNA viruses synthesizing mRNA where and with what?

A

Nucleus with host cell DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, except pox which cytoplasm with viral DNA dependent RNA polymerase

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12
Q

How do retroviruses make mRNA?

A

viral reversetranscriptase to form DNA then use host DNA dep RNA polym

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13
Q

(-) ssRNA and dsRNA make mRNA?

A

viral RNA dep RNA polym

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14
Q

Which DNA virus uses reverse transcriptase to replicate genome?

A

Hep B

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15
Q

Which viruses are able to use host machinery alone?

A

All (+) ssRNA and DNA viruses (except pox and hep B)

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16
Q

DNA viruses

A

Hepadna, herpes, adeno, parvo, polyoma, papilloma, pox

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17
Q

ssDNA?

A

Parvo is paranormall

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18
Q

Circular DNA

A

Papilloma, polyoma, hepadna, circo

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19
Q

Parvo causes?

A

B19, aplastic anemia and erthema infectiosum fifth disease (slapped cheek), hydrops fetalis

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20
Q

Papilloma viruses?

A

HPV, 16 and 18 associated with cervical cancer, warts by 1, 2, 6, 11

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21
Q

Hepadna viruses?

A

Hep B

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22
Q

Herpes viruses?

A

HSV1 (cold sores), HSV2 (genital and neonatal herpes), varicella-zoster (VZV, chickenpox and shingles), Cytomegalovirus (CMV, sever congenital infections and immunocomp pt issues), EBV(mono, nasopharygeal carcinoma, Burkitt lymphoma, primary CNS lymphomas), human herpes virus 6 (roseola infantum, sixth disease), HHV8 (Kaposi sarcoma)

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23
Q

Pox viruses?

A

Smallpox, vaccinia (cowpox), molluscum contagiosum, monkeypox

24
Q

Positive RNA viruses?

A

Retro, Toga, Astro, Flavi, Corona, Hepe, Picorno, Calici

25
Negative RNA segmented?
Bunya, arena, orthomyxo
26
Negative RNA linear?
Paramyxo, rhabdo, filo
27
Negative RNA circular?
Delta (hep D)
28
dsRNA?
Reo
29
Picorna viruses?
Polio, echo (meningitis, encephalitis, colds), rhino (cold, spring/fall), coxsackie (hand-foot-mouth, pericarditis), hep A (oral-fecal hep)
30
Calici viruses?
Norwalk (adult diarrhea)
31
Reo viruses?
Reovirus (respiratory enteric orphan virus), rotavirus (fatal infantile gastroenteritis, number one cause of diarrhea in kids), Colitivirus (colorado tick fever)
32
Flavi viruses?
Yellow fever (councilman bodies), West Nile, dengue, St Louis and Japenese enchaphalitis, Hep C (cirrhosis associated)
33
Toga viruses?
Rubella, alpha viruses (wester/eastern equine encaphalitis)
34
Retro viruses?
HIV1 and 2, human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV1) (adult leukemia), and HTLV2
35
Orthomyxo viruses?
Flu
36
Paramyxo viruses?
Measles, mumps, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza (croup)
37
Rhabdo viruses?
Rabies (Negri bodies and bullet-shaped inclusions)
38
Filo viruses?
Ebola, Marburg
39
Corona viruses?
Cold (winter), SARS
40
Arena viruses?
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (has ambisense RNA), Lassa fever enchaphalitis (mice vector)
41
Bunya viruses?
California enchephalitis, Hantavirus
42
Hepe viruses?
Hep E
43
IFN alpha and beta do what?
stimulate NK cells, play a role in tumor suppresion, induce MHC I expression
44
IFN gamma does what?
Induces MHC II (and I ish), very pro-inflammatory
45
Exogenous IFN alpha is good for what?
Hep B and C and HPV genital warts (can be helpful against Kaposi sarcomas also)
46
Amantadine and rimantadine: what do they do and against what?
Inhibit influenza A M2 prot for decoating, an oral prophylaxis against flu A, must be initiated within first 48 hrs, rimantadine has less side effects, both are barely useful anymore
47
Zanamivir and oseltamivir: what do they do and against what?
Inhibit neuraminidase which is necessary for virus binding to new cells, effect influenza A and B, Zanamavir is inhaled by pts older than 7 and oseltamivir is a pill for pts older than one and prophylaxis for pts older than 13
48
Enfuvirtide: does what to what?
Blocks gp41 fusing with CD4, stops HIV
49
Acyclovir: does what to what?
acyclic nucleoside analouge that is phosphorylated once by a viral thymidine kinase and then twice by human kinases then stops the viral DNA polymerase, used for HSV 1 and 2, VZV and EBV (not on latent ones though)
50
Ganciclovir: does what to what?
viral kinase dependent (like acyclovir) but is effective against CMV and to a lesser extent VZV
51
Foscarnet: does what to what?
IV nonnucleoside inhibitor (viral kinase independent) of CMV retinitis or ganciclovir resistant CMV or acyclovir resistant HSV
52
Penciclovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir (acyclovir derivatives): different how and to what?
Penciclovir: topical therapy for HSV 1 cold sores Famciclovir: better oral bioavailability and good for reactivated VZV Valacyclovir: Reactivate HSV 2 genital herpes and VZV
53
Vidarabine and Idovuridine (acyclovirish): what to what?
Not viral kinase dependent so less specific, used for topical HSV eye infections
54
Trifluridine-fluorinated pyrimidine nucleoside
Works against HSV (not CMV), pox, and some adeno, not specific, used for topical ocular herpes
55
Cidofovir: what to what?
Nucleotide analouge but not viral kinase dependent, alternative therapy for CMV and experimentally used for complications of vaccina virus (smallpox vaccine)
56
Fomivivirsen: what to what?
Anti-sense oligonucleotide complementary to immediate early gene of CMV retinitis/intraocular infection
57
Adeno viruses?
Febrile pharyngitis, pnuemonia, conjunctivitis (pink eye)

Med School (4 decks)

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