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Dermatology > Virology > Flashcards

Virology Flashcards

1
Q

Linear, ds DNA genome, icosahedral capsid, enveloped. Replication in nucleus

A

Herpes Viruses

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2
Q

Alpha Herpes Viruses

A

HSV1, HSV2, VZV

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3
Q

Latency in Herpes Viruses

A

Soon after initial infection, no virus particles produced, few viral genes expressed. Stages: establishment, maintenance, reactivation

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4
Q

Neurotropisms of Herpes Viruses

A

HSV1- trigem HSV2-sacral, lumbar VZV- dorsal root

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5
Q

LAT - Latency Associated Transcript

A

only gene consistently expressed during latency in HSV. Produces microRNAs that repress viral gene exp, prevent apop, impair CD8 T cell fxn (possibly). (VZV does not have LAT)

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6
Q

Herpetic Whitlow, Blepharitis, Encephalitis

A

HSV1

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7
Q

urogenital infections and meningitis

A

HSV2

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8
Q

HSV pathogenesis

A

spread through secretions –> breaks in skin or mucosa, rep in epi cells and spread to lymph nodes, taken up by sensory nerves and latency established. Recurrences less painful and remain local due to antibody levels

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9
Q

Adult cases of VZV

A

more severe than childhood chicken pox, may result in pneumonia

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10
Q

Dx of VZV

A

clinical appearance +/- Tzanck smear (look for multinuc giant cells)

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11
Q

circular ds DNA genome, non enveloped, icosahedral capsid, small

A

Papovaviridae

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12
Q

HPV 6,11

A

anogenital warts

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13
Q

HPV vaccine

A

tetravalent - 6, 11, 16, 18 Consists of the L1 capsid protein from each that self assembles into pseudocapsids

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14
Q

large, complex, enveloped ds linear DNA genome

A

Poxviridae

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15
Q

Virus replicates in cytoplasm

A

Pox viruses

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16
Q

Death in Smallpox due to

A

toxic effects on vascular endothelium

17
Q

Cytoplasmic inclusions in keratinocytes

A

molluscum contagiosum

18
Q

Eradication of smallpox effective because

A

humans are only reservoir, no healthy carriers, no sub clinical infections, effective vaccine available

19
Q

Should not receive the smallpox vaccine

A

pregnant or breast feeding, immunodef, atopic dermatitis pts, under 18 y/o, prior heart disease

20
Q

Cocksackie A

A

Abruptions/rashes/vesicles

21
Q

Cocksackie B

A

Think myalgias and joint pain

22
Q

CD46,SLAM & nectin-4

A

measles receptors - also has H protein

23
Q

photophobia

A

maybe think of measles, conjunctivitis

24
Q

cause of death in measles

A

bacterial pneumonia

25
Q

Basis for vaccine’s effectiveness in MMR

A

antigenically stable monotypic viruses

26
Q

concern for causing harm to the fetus if infection occurs during pregnancy

A

Parvo-B19 & Rubella

27
Q

mild disease characterized by a low-grade fever, occasional conjunctivitis and sore throat, lymphadenopathy and a morbilliform rash that starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body

A

Rubella

28
Q

Virus shedding continues after the rash disappears and continues for ~1 month following initial exposure

A

Rubella

29
Q

Most serious consequence of Rubella virus infection

A

is for the fetuses during the early stages of pregnancy -Mental retardation, Motor disabilities, Hearing loss, Congenital heart disease, Cataracts

30
Q

Infection occurring during pregnancy can cause hydrops fetalis, intrauterine growth retardation, pleural and pericardial effusions, and death.

A

Parvo B19 Virus

31
Q

Enteroviruses Differentiated from rhinoviruses by

A

Acid stability, Less stringent growth requirements: Can grow in human and primate cell lines, Grows well at 37OC

32
Q

Asymptomatic infections are common with

A

enteroviruses

33
Q

Occur mainly in the summer and fall

A

enterovirus infections

34
Q

most common exanthem before age 2

A

Roseola 6 months - 4 years

35
Q

HHV6/7

A

Roseola Can reactivate in immunosupp patients later in life

36
Q

Virus is shed in the saliva ~6 days before onset of clinical disease

A

Mumps

37
Q

causes erythema infectiosum (slapped cheek syndrome) and is most common in children 4-10 years old.

A

Parvo B19

Dermatology (8 decks)

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