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Dermatology > Viral Skin Infection > Flashcards

Viral Skin Infection Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What virus causes chicken pox?

A

Varicella zoster

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2
Q

Shingles is caused by herpes zoster virus. True or false?

A

False

Shingles is caused by varicella zoster virus

Herpes zoster is just another name given to the condition, it isn’t the name of the causative organism

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3
Q

What virus causes cold sores?

A

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

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4
Q

In which groups of patients can chicken pox be more serious?

A

Extremes of age

Immunocompromised

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5
Q

After recovery from infection with varicella zoster (chicken pox), the virus is eliminated from the body and is unable to cause symptoms again. True or false?

A

False

After recovery, the virus lays dormant in nerve roots and can reactivate causing shingles/herpes zoster

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6
Q

How does shingles/herpes zoster present?

A

Erythema/vesicles/crusting rash in a dermatomal distribution

Neuralgic pain

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7
Q

What is ophthalmic zoster and how does it present?

A

Herpes zoster affecting ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve

Rash around eye with respect to midline

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8
Q

What is Ramsay-Hunt Syndrome and how does it present?

A

Herpes zoster affecting facial nerve

Facial drooping (facial nerve palsy)

Hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus (CN VIII irritation)

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9
Q

How do you treat shingles/herpes zoster?

A

Acyclovir

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10
Q

What is a complication of herpes zoster/shingles?

A

Post herpetic neuralgia

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11
Q

What do herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) cause?

A

HSV-1: Oral and genital herpes

HSV-2: Genital herpes

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12
Q

What is herpetic gingivostomatitis?

A

Ulceration in and around mouth of pre-school children caused by HSV-1

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13
Q

What is herpes libialis?

A

Blistering at vermillion border (cold sore) caused by HSV-1

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14
Q

What is herpetic whitlow?

A

Blistering on finger caused by herpes simplex virus

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15
Q

What is eczema herpeticum?

A

Infection of eczematous skin with herpes simplex virus

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16
Q

What is a cutaneous complication of herpes simplex virus infection?

A

Erythema multiforme (hypersensitivity reaction forming numerous erythematous target lesions)

17
Q

What causes molluscum contagiosum?

A

Poxvirus

18
Q

What does molluscum contagiosum look like?

A

Small, fleshy, pearlescent nodules

19
Q

How is molluscum contagiosum spread?

A

Very contagious, can be spread by touch and sexual transmission

20
Q

Who is commonly affected by molluscum contagiosum?

A

Children

21
Q

How do you treat molluscum contagiosum?

A

The nodules are self limiting but can be removed with liquid nitrogen

22
Q

What HPV types are associated with genital warts?

A

HPV 6

HPV 11

23
Q

What cutaneous sign does HPV cause commonly on children?

A

Warts

24
Q

How are HPV warts managed?

A

They are uncomplicated and don’t require management

Can be removed with

  • topical salicyclic acid
  • imuniquimod (if resistant)
25
Q

What causes herpangina?

A

Coxsackie enterovirus

26
Q

How does herpangina present?

A

Blistering in the back of the mouth

27
Q

How is herpangina diagnosed and managed?

A

Diagnosis: swab, stool PCR

Management: supportive (self-limiting infection)

28
Q

What causes hand, foot and mouth disease?

A

Coxsackie enterovirus infection

29
Q

How does hand, foot and mouth disease present?

A

Fever

Discoloured lesions on hand, feet and mouth

30
Q

What causes erythema infectiosum (slapped cheek disease)?

A

Paravirus B19

31
Q

How does erythema infectiosum (slapped cheek disease) present in children and in adults?

A

Children: slapped cheek appearance followed by lacy macular rash

Adults: small joint polyarthritis

32
Q

What are some complications of erythema infectiosum (slapped cheek disease)?

A

Spontaneous abortion

Chronic anaemia

33
Q

How can erythema infectiosum (slapped cheek disease) be diagnosed?

A

IgM antibody testing

34
Q

What is orf?

A

Self limiting infection of a sheep virus causing a firm fleshy nodule commonly on the hands of farmers

35
Q

What complications can occur as a result of Zika virus?

A

Microcephaly/Guillan Barré syndrome in unborn children

Dermatology (11 decks)

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