Viral Pathogenesis

Question 1

What are the 4 types of viral virulence genes?

Answer 1

1. affect ability of virus to replicate
2. modify host defense mechanisms
3. facilitate virus spread in and among hosts
4. directly toxic to host cells

Question 2

On what 3 things does viral disease depend?

Answer 2

1. effects of virus replication on the host cells
2. host response to the infection
3. ability of the virus to spread within and among hosts

Question 3

Host factors in viral disease

Answer 3

1. Right receptor
2. Cell type
3. Age
4. Genetic background
5. Exposure history
6. Immune status

Question 4

Virus induced immunopathology

Answer 4

1. Antigen-antibody complex disease
2. Cell-mediated response and destruction
3. Virus-induced inflammation
4. Virus-induced immune suppression or deviation
5. Antibody-dependent enhancement of infection
6. Virus-induced autoimmunity

Question 5

Examples of antigen-antibody complex disease

Answer 5

TBD

Question 6

Examples of cell-mediated response and destruction

Answer 6

TBD

Question 7

Examples of virus-induced inflammation

Answer 7

TBD

Question 8

Examples of virus-induced immune suppression or deviation

Answer 8

TBD

Question 9

Examples of antibody-dependent enhancement of infection

Answer 9

TBD

Question 10

Examples of virus-induced autoimmunity

Answer 10

TBD

Question 11

Viruses that are linked to cancer

Answer 11

Hepatitis C –> causes extreme inflammatory response; feeds tumor cells
Retroviruses –> transformation of cells after pro-virus integration
Hepatits B
Epstein Barr virus
Papilloma viruses
Papovaviruses JC and BK, Wu and Ki
HIV-1
KSHV

Question 12

Types of viral infections

Answer 12

1. Acute local
2. Acute systemic
3. Chronic/persistent
4. Latent
5. Slow/progressive

Question 13

Persistent vs latent infection

Answer 13

Persistent: ongoing virus production (Hepatitis B)

Latent: true latent/dormant state in which the virus is not replicating

Both refer to long-term infection