Viral hepatitis Flashcards

1
Q

what type of viral hepatitis are there vaccinations for?

A

hepatitis A and B

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2
Q

what are complications of hepatitis C?

A

rheumatological: arthralgia, arthritis

eye problems: sjogrens syndrome

cirrhosis

hepatocellular carcinoma

cryoglobinaemia

porphyria cutanea tarda

membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

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3
Q

what is the treatment for hepatitis C?

A

combination of protease inhibitors (e.g. Daclatasvir and Sofosbuvir) +/- Ribavirin

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4
Q

what is the treatment for hepatitis B?

A

pegylated interferon alpha

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5
Q

when is immunisation for hepatitis B given in the UK?

A

2, 3 and 4 months

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6
Q

what are complications of hepatitis B?

A
fulminant liver failure 
chronic hepatitis 
co-infection with hepatitis D
hepatocellular carcinoma 
glomerulonephritis
polyarteritis nodosa
cryoglobinaemia
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7
Q

who should receieve the hepatitis A vaccine?

A
men who have sex with men 
chronic liver disease 
haemophilia 
occupational risk 
IV drug abuser
people travelling to areas of high prevalence of hep A
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8
Q

what is the investigation of choice to diagnose hepatitis C?

A

Hepatitis C virus RNA

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9
Q

what are side effects of ribavirin?

A

haemolytic anaemia
cough
teratogenic (women shouldn’t become pregnant up to 6 months after stopping it)

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10
Q

what are side effects of interferon alpha?

A
flu-like symptoms 
depression 
fatigue 
leukopenia
thrombocytopenia
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11
Q

what laboratory tests results would you find in a patient with cryoglobinaemia?

A

low complement level

high ESR

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12
Q

what is cryoglobinaemia?

A

immunoglobulins undergo reversible precipitation at low temperatures (4 degrees) and dissolve when warmed to 37 degrees

type II associated with hepatitis C

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13
Q

what is the presentation of porphyria cutanea tarda?

A

photosensitive rash with blistering and skin fragility in the face and dorsal aspect of hands

hypertrichosis (excessive hair growth)

hyperpigmentation

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14
Q

what laboratory test would you find a patient with porphyria cutanea tarda?

A

raised uroporphyrinogen and pink fluorescence of urine under Wood’s lamp

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