Viral Hemorrhagic Illness Flashcards
What are the four families of viruses that most VHFs fall into?
- Arenaviruses;
Bunyavirales: - Filoviruses,
- Flaviviruses,
- Paramyxoviruses
What is the reservoir for arenaviruses?
One or a few closely related rodents that carry the virus without getting sick
How can people be infected with arenaviruses?
Through contact with rodent urine, droppings, or nesting materials, breathing contaminated air, bites or scratches, eating contaminated food, contact with infected individuals
What is a common mode of transmission for Bunyavirales order viruses?
Spread by rodents or insects such as mosquitoes, ticks, or sand flies
True or False: Most Bunyavirales viruses can spread between people.
False
Which virus can spread from person to person in healthcare settings?
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
What is the reservoir for Marburg virus?
Egyptian rousette bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus)
How can filoviruses spread among humans?
Through contact with an infected person’s body fluids
What are some serious viruses included in the Paramyxoviridae family?
Hendra virus, Nipah virus
What is the incubation period for Ebola virus?
2-21 days
Where is the Sudan virus primarily found?
South Sudan, Uganda
Fill in the blank: The _______ is a common rodent host for Lassa fever virus.
[Multimammate rat (Mastomys natalensis)]
What is the primary vector for Yellow Fever virus?
Mosquitos (Aedes aegypti)
What type of bat is associated with Hendra virus?
Flying fox bat (genus Pteropus)
What are some prevention measures for VHFs?
Use of insect repellents, bed nets, protective clothing, disinfection procedures, sealing up and trapping rodents
What is the incubation period for Hantaviruses?
1-8 weeks
Which virus is spread by Ixodid (hard) ticks?
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever virus
What is the incubation period for Rift Valley Fever virus?
2-6 days
True or False: All flaviviruses are transmitted by mosquitoes.
False
What animal is suspected to carry ebolaviruses in nature?
Bats
What is the incubation period for Severe Dengue virus?
5-7 days
