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EBAC - Infectious Disease > General ID > Flashcards

General ID Flashcards

1
Q

Rose gardener disease, other name

A

Sporotrichosis

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2
Q

Sporotrichosis cause

A

Sporothrix

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3
Q

Sporothrix vectors

A

Rose bushes, sphagnum moss, hay, cat bites?

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4
Q

Sporotrichosis, systems affected

A

Skin, lungs, joints, bones, disseminated disease

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5
Q

Sporotrichosis, pathogen type

A

Fungal

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6
Q

Neurocysticercosis pathogen

A

Taenia solium, larva

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7
Q
A
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8
Q

True or False: All viral hemorrhagic fevers are caused by the same virus.

A

False

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9
Q

Name one virus that causes viral hemorrhagic fever.

A

Ebola virus

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10
Q

What is the primary mode of transmission for VHFs?

A

Direct contact with infected bodily fluids.

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The symptoms of VHFs can include fever, fatigue, and ______.

A

bleeding

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12
Q

Which family of viruses does the Marburg virus belong to?

A

Filoviridae

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13
Q

What is one common symptom of viral hemorrhagic fevers?

A

High fever

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14
Q

True or False: VHFs can only be transmitted between humans.

A

False

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15
Q

What is a key prevention strategy for VHFs?

A

Avoiding contact with infected individuals and proper hygiene.

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16
Q

Which virus is known for causing the largest outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever?

A

Ebola virus

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ virus can cause severe and often fatal disease in humans.

A

Ebola

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18
Q

What type of diagnostic test is commonly used for VHFs?

A

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) tests

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19
Q

Multiple Choice: What is one of the symptoms of Lassa fever? A) Rash B) Severe headache C) Nausea D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

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20
Q

What is the incubation period for Ebola virus disease?

A

2 to 21 days

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21
Q

True or False: There is currently a vaccine for all types of VHFs.

A

False

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22
Q

What is the primary vector for the Lassa virus?

A

Multimammate rat

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23
Q

Name one country where Ebola outbreaks have occurred.

A

Sierra Leone

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24
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ virus is associated with the outbreak of hemorrhagic fever in South America.

A

Junin

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25
Q

What personal protective equipment is essential for healthcare workers treating VHF patients?

A

Gloves, masks, and gowns

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26
Q

True or False: VHFs can be treated with antibiotics.

A

False

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27
Q

What is a common complication of viral hemorrhagic fevers?

A

Organ failure

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28
Q

Multiple Choice:

Which of the following is NOT a viral hemorrhagic fever?

A) Ebola
B) Lassa
C) Influenza
D) Marburg

A

C) Influenza

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29
Q

What is the role of supportive care in the treatment of VHFs?

A

To manage symptoms and prevent complications.

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30
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ virus is transmitted through contact with infected animals or their bodily fluids.

A

Hantavirus

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31
Q

What is the name of the disease caused by the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus?

A

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever

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32
Q
A
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33
Q

What are viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs)?

A

VHFs are a group of illnesses caused by several distinct viruses, characterized by fever and bleeding disorders.

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34
Q

Name one virus that causes viral hemorrhagic fever.

A

Ebola virus.

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35
Q

True or False: All viral hemorrhagic fevers are caused by the same virus.

A

False.

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36
Q

What is a common symptom of viral hemorrhagic fevers?

A

Fever.

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37
Q

Fill in the blank: Viral hemorrhagic fevers can lead to ______ disorders.

A

bleeding

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38
Q

Which family of viruses does the Ebola virus belong to?

A

Filoviridae.

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39
Q

Name a symptom that distinguishes VHFs from other illnesses.

A

Hemorrhagic manifestations.

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40
Q

What is the incubation period for most viral hemorrhagic fevers?

A

It varies but can range from a few days to several weeks.

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41
Q

True or False: VHFs are only found in tropical regions.

42
Q

What is the primary mode of transmission for most VHFs?

A

Contact with infected bodily fluids.

43
Q

What is the role of healthcare workers in the context of VHFs?

A

They are at risk of infection and must follow strict infection control practices.

44
Q

Fill in the blank: The Marburg virus is closely related to the ______ virus.

45
Q

What can be a severe complication of viral hemorrhagic fevers?

46
Q

Name a preventive measure for viral hemorrhagic fevers.

A

Avoiding contact with infected individuals.

47
Q

True or False: There are vaccines available for all VHFs.

48
Q

What is the primary treatment for viral hemorrhagic fevers?

A

Supportive care.

49
Q

Which virus is known for causing Lassa fever?

A

Lassa virus.

50
Q

What type of virus causes Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever?

A

Bunyavirus.

51
Q

Fill in the blank: The presence of ______ is a key indicator of severe VHF.

52
Q

What is the significance of the 2014-2016 Ebola outbreak?

A

It was the largest and most complex Ebola outbreak in history.

53
Q

True or False: VHFs can be transmitted through insect bites.

54
Q

What type of testing is used to diagnose viral hemorrhagic fevers?

A

Serological testing.

55
Q

Name one vector associated with viral hemorrhagic fevers.

56
Q

What is the fatality rate of Ebola virus disease?

A

It can be as high as 90%.

57
Q

What environmental factor can contribute to outbreaks of VHFs?

A

Heavy rainfall.

58
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ virus is responsible for the majority of VHF cases in Africa.

59
Q

What is the importance of personal protective equipment (PPE) in VHF outbreaks?

A

It helps prevent transmission to healthcare workers.

60
Q

True or False: Once infected, individuals with VHFs are no longer contagious after recovery.

61
Q

What is a common initial symptom of VHF?

A

Sudden onset of fever.

62
Q

Name a country that has experienced outbreaks of Ebola virus.

A

Sierra Leone.

63
Q

What is the role of contact tracing in controlling VHF outbreaks?

A

It helps identify and isolate infected individuals.

64
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ virus is transmitted through contact with rodents.

65
Q

What is the relationship between viral hemorrhagic fevers and zoonotic diseases?

A

Many VHFs are zoonotic, meaning they are transmitted from animals to humans.

66
Q

Name a symptom that may occur in the late stages of VHFs.

A

Multi-organ failure.

67
Q

True or False: All VHFs require the same treatment protocol.

68
Q

What is the significance of early detection in VHF outbreaks?

A

It is crucial for effective containment and treatment.

69
Q

What is one method used to prevent the spread of VHFs in endemic areas?

A

Public health education.

70
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ virus is associated with hemorrhagic fever in the Philippines.

71
Q

True or False: Vaccines exist for both the Ebola and Lassa viruses.

72
Q

What are some common laboratory findings in patients with VHFs?

A

Thrombocytopenia and elevated liver enzymes.

73
Q

What is the role of international health organizations in managing VHFs?

A

They provide support and resources during outbreaks.

74
Q

Name the virus responsible for the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.

A

Hantavirus.

75
Q

What is the main goal of treatment for patients with VHFs?

A

To manage symptoms and prevent complications.

76
Q

Fill in the blank: ______ is a key factor in the spread of VHFs in rural areas.

A

Animal reservoirs

77
Q

What is the primary vector for the yellow fever virus?

A

Mosquitoes.

78
Q

True or False: All VHFs have a human-to-human transmission route.

79
Q

What is one of the best defenses against VHFs?

A

Good hygiene practices.

80
Q

What are the two main types of viral hemorrhagic fevers?

A

Classical and new-world VHFs.

81
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ virus is transmitted primarily through contact with contaminated surfaces.

82
Q

What is a common complication of severe cases of VHFs?

A

Septic shock.

83
Q

True or False: VHFs can be treated with antiviral medications.

84
Q

What is the role of the CDC in managing VHFs?

A

They provide guidelines and response strategies.

85
Q

Name one factor that can influence the severity of VHFs.

A

The specific virus involved.

86
Q

What is the importance of community awareness in preventing VHFs?

A

It helps reduce stigma and increases reporting of symptoms.

87
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ virus is known for causing severe respiratory illness.

A

Hantavirus

88
Q

True or False: VHFs are only a concern in developing countries.

89
Q

What is one of the challenges in diagnosing VHFs?

A

Symptoms can resemble other diseases.

90
Q

What is the recommended response to a suspected VHF case?

A

Immediate isolation and reporting to health authorities.

91
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ virus is known for causing yellow fever.

A

Yellow fever

92
Q

What is the role of vaccination in preventing VHFs?

A

It can help reduce the incidence of specific viral infections.

93
Q

Name a common environmental condition that can lead to VHF outbreaks.

A

Deforestation.

94
Q

True or False: All VHFs have effective vaccines available.

95
Q

What is a common diagnostic test for VHFs?

A

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) testing.

96
Q

What is an important aspect of managing VHF outbreaks in communities?

A

Ensuring access to clean water and sanitation.

97
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ virus causes Rift Valley fever.

A

Bunyavirus

98
Q

What is one potential long-term effect of surviving a VHF?

A

Chronic fatigue.

99
Q

True or False: VHFs can be caused by both RNA and DNA viruses.

100
Q

What is the importance of vector control in preventing VHFs?

A

It reduces the risk of transmission from insects.

EBAC - Infectious Disease (36 decks)

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