Viral, Fungal and Protist Diseases. Flashcards
What is measles? How it spread?
Measles is a viral disease. It is spread by droplets from an infection person’s sneeze or cough.
What does measles develop (symptoms)? What people do to don’t have it?
Develop a red rash skin and they’ll show signs of a fever (a high temperature). Measles can be very serious, or even fatal, if there are complications. For example, measles can sometimes lead to pneumonia (a lung infection) or inflammation of the brain (encephalitis). Most people are vaccinated against measles when they’re young.
What is HIV? How does it spread?
HIV is a virus that is spread by sexual contact, or by exchanging body fluids such as blood. The virus attack the immune cells.
What are the symptoms of HIV?
HIV initially causes flu-like symptoms for a few weeks. Usually, the person doesn’t then experience any symptoms for several years. During this time, HIV can be controlled with antiretroviral drugs. These stop the virus replicating in the body. If the body immune system is badly damaged, it can’t cope with other infections or cancers. At this stage, the virus is known as late stage HIV infection, or AIDS.
What is TMV? What are the symptoms?
The Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a virus that affects many species of plants, e.g. tomatoes.
It causes a mosaic pattern on the leaves of the plants - parts of the leaves become discoloured. The discoloration means the plant can’t carry out photosynthesis as well, so the virus affect growth.
What is a Rose Black Spot?
The rose black spot is a fungus that causes purple or black spots to develop on the leaves of rose plants. The leaves can then turn yellow and drop off. This means that less photosynthesis can happen, so the plant doesn’t grow very well.
How does the Rose Black Spot spread? How is it possible to stop the spreading?
It spreads through the environmental in water or by the wind. Gardeners can treat the disease using fungicides and by stripping the plant of its affected leaves. These leaves then need to be destroyed so that the fungus can’t spread to other rose plant.
What is Malaria? How does it infect/spread?
Malaria is caused by protists by a protist. Part of the malarial protist’s life cycle takes place inside the mosquito. The mosquitoes are vectors - they pick up the malarial protist when they feed on an infected animal. Every time the mosquito feeds on another animal, it infects it by inserting the protist into the animal’s blood vessel.
What are the Malaria symptoms? How can we reduce the spreading?
Malaria causes repeating episodes of fever. It can be fatal. The spread of malaria can be reduced by stopping the mosquitoes from breeding. People can be protected from mosquitoes using insecticides and mosquito nets.
