Bacterial Diseases and Preventing Disease Flashcards
What is Salmonella? What are the symptoms and how is it caused?
Salmonella is a type of bacteria that causes food poisoning. Infected people can suffer from fever, stomach cramps, vomiting and diarrhoea. These symptoms are caused by toxins that the bacteria produce.
How can you get Salmonella? How is it controlled in the UK?
You can get Salmonella food poisoning by eating food that’s been contaminated with Salmonella bacteria, e.g. eating chicken by being prepared in unhygienic conditions. In the UK, most poultry (e.g. chickens and turkey) is given a vaccination against Salmonella. This is to control the spread of the disease.
What is Gonorrhoea? How is it passed? What is it caused by?
Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD). STDs are passed on y sexual contact. e.g. having unprotected sex. Gonorrhoea is caused by bacteria.
What is the Gonorrhoea symptoms?
A person with gonorrhoea will get pain when they urinate. Another symptom is a thick yellow or green discharge from the vagina or the penis.
How was Gonorrhoea originally treated? How to prevent it?
Gonorrhoea was originally treated with an antibiotic called penicillin, but this has become trickier now because strains of the bacteria have become resistant to it. To prevent the spread of gonorrhoea, people can be treated with antibiotics and should use barrier methods of contraception, such as condoms.
How to Reduce or Prevent the spread of Diseases?
Being hygienic - Using simple hygienic measures can prevent the spread of disease. E.g. washing your hands.
Destroying vectors - By getting rid of the organisms that spread disease, you can prevent the disease from being passed on.
Isolating infected individuals.
Vaccination - Vaccinating people and animals against communicable diseases means that they are less likely to develop the infection and then pass it on to someone else.
