Viral and Respiratory Tract Infections

Question 1

What are the possible causative organisms of the common cold?

Answer 1

Rhinovirus
Coronavirus
Prainfluena virus
Human metapneumovirus
Adenovirus
RSV
Influenza

Question 2

What are the possible causative organisms of pharyngitis?

Answer 2

Adenovirus
Rhinovirus
Parinfluenza virus
RSV
Coronavirus
Human metapneumovirus
Human bocavirus

Question 3

What are the possible causative organisms of croup?

Answer 3

Parainfluenzza virus
Human metapneumovirus
RSV

Question 4

What are the possible causative organisms of acute bronchitis?

Answer 4

RSV
Human metapneumovirus
Influenza
Adenovirus

Question 5

What are the possible causative organisms of bronchiolitis?

Answer 5

RSV
Human metapneumovirus
Parainfluenzza virus
Rhinovirus
Coronavirus
Influenzza
Human bocavirus

Question 6

What are the possible viral causative organisms of penumonia?

Answer 6

Influenza
RSV
Parainfluenza
Human metapneumovirus
Adenovirus
Rhinvirus

Question 7

What are the symptoms of a common cold?

Answer 7

Sore scratchy throat
Rhinorrhoea
Nasal obstruction

Question 8

For how long does a common cold persist?

Answer 8

~1 week

Question 9

What are the possible complications of a common cold?

Answer 9

Otitis media

SInusitis

Question 10

Severe infections as a result of the common cold occur most often in which groups of people?

Answer 10

Elderly
Immunocompromised
Asthma, COPD, CF

Question 11

Which virus, which is a common cause of the common cold, has the largest RNA virus genome?

Answer 11

Coronavirus

Question 12

What is the most common causative organism of the common cold?

Answer 12

Rhinovirus

Question 13

Pharyngitis is usually the result of viral infection. What symptom points to a viral rather than bacterial cause?

Answer 13

The presence of nasal symptoms

Question 14

Other than respiratory viruses, what can cause pharyngitis?

Answer 14

Epstein Barr virus in infectious mononucleosis
HIV seroconversion illness
Herpes simplex virus

Question 15

Which age group is most commonly affected by croup?

Answer 15

Children

Question 16

What is the distinctive symptom of croup?

Answer 16

Distinctive cough

Question 17

What is the incubation period of bronchiolitis?

Answer 17

3-5 days

Question 18

Respiratory syncytial virus infection has been linked to the development of which chronic respiratory condition?

Answer 18

Asthma

Question 19

What drug is used to treated respiratory syncytial virus infections?

Answer 19

Ribvirin (orally, IV, aerosolised)

Question 20

What expensive monoclonal antibody can be given to treat respiratory syncytial virus infections?

Answer 20

Palivizumab

Question 21

What are the risk factors for complicated influenza illness?

Answer 21

Age <6 months or >65 years
Pregnancy
Morbid obesity
Neurological, hepatic, renal, pulmonary, cardiac and diabetes mellitus patients
Severe immunocompression

Question 22

Neuraminidase inhibitors can be used for prophylaxis is given how many hours before exposure to influenza?

Answer 22

48 hours

Question 23

Give examples of neuraminiade inhibitors used to treated influenza?

Answer 23

Oseltamivir
Zanamivir
Peramivir
Laninamivir

Question 24

Give examples of M2 inhibitors used to treated influenza

Answer 24

Amantadine

Rimantagine

Question 25

Give examples of RNA polymerase inhibitors used to treat influence

Answer 25

Favipiravir

Baloxavir

Question 26

Aquatic birds can act as a natural reservoir for what strain of influenza viruses?

Answer 26

Influenza A

Question 27

How is influenza diagnosed in the laboratory?

Answer 27

Electron microscopy

Tissue culture

Question 28

Respiratory viruses should be collected for laboratory detection via which techniques?

Answer 28

Nasal pharyngeal swab
Throat swab
Gargle
Sputum
ETA
BAL

Question 29

What types of vaccine can be used against influenza?

Answer 29

Live attenuated quadrivalent vaccine
Quadrivalent inactivated vaccine
Adjuvanted trivalent inactive vaccine