VIEWS ON NURSING, HEALTH, AND ENVIRONMENT (1) Flashcards
who established the nursing as caring theory?
anne boykin & savina schoenhoffer
metaparadigm: all persons are caring - enhanced through their participation in nurturing relationships with caring other
human beings - caring theory
who said that caring is a process?
anne boykin & savina schoenhoffer
metaparadigm: creating caring responses that nurture personhood and exists when the nurse actualizes personal and professional commitment to the belief that all persons are caring
nursing - caring theory
“nursing is both a discipline and a profession”
caring theory
aims to discover, create, develop, and refine nursing knowledge
nursing as discipline
focuses on the application of this nursing knowledge in response to human need and situations
nursing as profession
who created the transcultural nursing theory?
madeleine leininger
the purpose of this theory is to discover and establish a body of knowledge and skills focused on transcultural care, health, and illness in order to assist nurses in giving cultural competent, safe, and congruent care to people of diverse culture worldwide
transcultural nursing theory
focuses on the comparative study and analysis of cultures with respect to nursing, health illness, caring practices, beliefs, and the patterns of behavior
transcultural nursing theory
metaparadigm: is caring and capable of being concerned about others
person - transcultural theory
metaparadigm: not specifically defined; closely related to the concept of culture
environment - transcultural theory
metaparadigm: ability of individuals to perform their roles
health - transcultural theory
metaparadigm: refers to a state of well-beings, or a restorative state that is culturally constituted, defined, valued, and practiced by individuals, or groups and that enables them to function in their daily lives
health - transcultural theory
metaparadigm: focuses on personalized behaviors, functions, processes to promote and maintain health or recovery from illness
nursing - transcultural theory
3 modes of nursing care
- preservation or maintenance
- accommodation or negotiation
- restructuring or repatterning
assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling professional actions and decisions
culture care preservation or maintenance
helps people of a designated culture to adapt or negotiate with others for meaning, beneficial congruent health outcomes
culture care accommodation or negotiation
helps clients reorder, change, or modify their lifeways for new different and beneficial health outcomes
culture care restructuring or repatterning
refers to assisting, supporting, or enabling behaviors that ease a person’s condition
human caring
refers to patterned lifeways, values, beliefs, norms, symbols, and practices of individuals, groups that are learned, shared, and usually transmitted to one generation to another
culture
refers to the values and beliefs that assist, support, or enable another person or group to maintain well-being, improve personal condition, or face death, or disability
culture care
indicates the differences in meaning, patterns, values, lifeways, or symbols of care within and between cultures and human beings
culture care diversity
commonalities of values, norms of behavior and life patterns that are similar among different cultures
culture - universals
refers to dynamic holistic and interrelated patterns of structured feature of a culture
cultural and social structure dimensions
who established as expanding consciousness
margaret newman
metaparadigm: centers of consciousness with an overall pattern of expanding consciousness
human - expanding consciousness
metaparadigm: health and illness are synthesized as ___
health - expanding consciousness
metaparadigm: caring in the human health experience
nursing - expanding consciousness
metaparadigm: seen as a partnership between the nurse and client, with both growing in the sense of higher levels of consciousness
nursing - expanding consciousness
metaparadigm: universe of open systems
environment - expanding consciousness
who created the human becoming theory?
rosemarie rizzo parse
metaparadigm: open being who is more than and different from the sum of the parts
person - human becoming
metaparadigm: everything in the person and his experiences; inseparable, complimentary to and evolving with
environment - human becoming
metaparadigm: open process of being and becoming; involves synthesis of values
health - human becoming
metaparadigm: a human science and art that uses an abstract body of knowledge to serve people
nursing - human becoming
human is coexisting while co-constituting rhythmical patterns with the universe
assumptions about man - human becoming
is unitary human-living-health; human’s patterns of relating value priorities
assumptions about becoming - human becoming
3 major assumptions of human becoming
- meaning
- rhythmicity
- transcendence
freely choosing personal meaning in situations in the intersubjective process of living value priorities
meaning
human becoming is co-creating rhythmical patterns of relating in mutual process with the universe
rhythmicity
refers to reaching out and beyond the limits that a person sets
transcendence
