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American Civ Since 1877 > Vietnam War > Flashcards

Vietnam War Flashcards

1
Q

What state controlled Indo-China in the 1930s?

A

France

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2
Q

When did Japan occupy French-Indo China?

A

1940

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3
Q

Why did Japan occupy French-Indo China

A

Germany conquered France

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4
Q

Who led the Vietnam resistance against Japan in 1940?

A

Ho Chi Minh

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5
Q

Atlantic Charter

A

US & British say once WW2 ends, they will give all of their colonial holdings independence

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6
Q

Why did France try to reassert control over Vietnam after WW2?

A

France never signed Atlantic Charter

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7
Q

How did the Vietnam-French conflict shift in 1954?

A

France was pushed back into mountains of Vietnam

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8
Q

Dien Bien Phu

A

French fortress built in the mountain valley. Required men and supplies to be airlifted into it.

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9
Q

How did Ho Chi Minh’s men attack Dien Bien Phu?

A

Disassembled artillery and carried it up the side of the mountains. Reassembled it at the top.

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10
Q

Who did France request aid from in 1954?

A

America

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11
Q

How much of France’s war effort was US paying in 1954

A

80%

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12
Q

When was the French forced to surrender against Vietnam?

A

September 2nd, 1954

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13
Q

What did French surrender in Vietnam mark for the US?

A

Growing involvement in Vietnam by US

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14
Q

Geneva Accords

A

Negotiated settlement that split Vietnam at the 17th parallel.

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15
Q

Who controlled North Vietnam following the Geneva Accords?

A

Ho Chi Minh & communists

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16
Q

Who controlled South Vietnam following Geneva Accords?

A

State of Vietnam led by Bao Dai

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17
Q

Who did Bao Dai appointed as PM in 1956?

A

Ngo Dinh Diem

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18
Q

When was the shift of power in South Vietnam?

A

1955

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19
Q

What shift of power occurred in Vietnam in 1955?

A

Diem and military leaders overthrew Dai.

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20
Q

What government did Diem’s military coup establish in South Vietnam?

A

Republic of Vietnam

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21
Q

Why was there mass dissatisfaction with Diem’s rule

A

Catholic and family worked closely with the French.

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22
Q

What did US fear in 1963 if they didn’t strengthen South Vietnam?

A

Domino effect of communism

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23
Q

What shift in power occurred by US in 1963 in Vietnam?

A

military coup organized by US government that assassinated Diem

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24
Q

MAC-V-SOG

A

covert US military operations in Vietnam that conducted surveillance and observation missions on North Vietnam and delivered intel back to South Vietnam.

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25
Q

Who established MAC-V-SOG?

A

Johnson

26
Q

Purpose of MAC-V-SOG

A

To make suggestions to South Vietnam on how to fight more efficiently

27
Q

When did the US Maddox first report being fired upon?

A

August 1st, 1964

28
Q

When did the US Maddox and another destroyer ship report being fired upon and returning fire?

A

August 4th, 1964

29
Q

Tonkin Gulf Resolution

A

Congress allowed Johnson to repel any armed attack against US troops to prevent an escalated conflict

30
Q

When did Congress pass the Tonkin Gulf Resolution?

A

August 7th, 1964

31
Q

Significance of Tonkin Gulf Resolution?

A

Blank check for Johnson to declare war on Vietnam without officially declaring war.

32
Q

Hawks

A

American supporters of the war. Claimed US had moral obligation to fight in the war.

33
Q

Doves

A

US opponents of Vietnam war. Saw struggle in Vietnam as a civil war that US shouldn’t be involved in.

34
Q

What was 1968 known as?

A

the Crisis Year

35
Q

Tet Offensive

A

North Vietnamese + Vietcong attacked every US military base, capital, and large city in South Vietnam on Tet.

36
Q

In what way did North Vietnam win the Tet Offensive

A

psychologically. Tet Offensive shattered US illusion that upping troop strength would somehow break the enemy.

37
Q

Why does Bobby Kennedy initially not run in 1968?

A

Johnson (incumbent) was running again.

38
Q

Who ran for Democratic nominee in 1968

A

Johnson
Gene McCarthy
Bobby Kennedy

39
Q

What primary did McCarthy secure in 1968?

A

New Hampshire Primary

40
Q

When did Johnson drop out of the presidential race?

A

March 31st, 1968

41
Q

Who ran on continuing Johnson’s policies and winning the war?

A

Hubert Humphrey, Johnson’s VP

42
Q

When was MLK assassinated?

A

April 4th, 1968

43
Q

What primary was essential to ensure someone won the democratic nomination?

A

California

44
Q

Who won the California primary in 1968?

A

RFK

45
Q

Who did Democrats nominate as Democratic nominee in 1968?

A

Hubert Humphrey

46
Q

Republican nominee in 1968?

A

Richard Nixon

47
Q

Nixon’s plan for Vietnam in 1968?

A

securing peace with honor

48
Q

Vietnamizing the war

A

Nixon’s plan to gradually reduce US troops in Vietnam, and return fight to Vietnam

49
Q

What event stoked more anger and resentment toward Nixon’s plan?

A

massacre at My Lai

50
Q

How did Nixon get North Vietnam to negotiate?

A

Threatened to bomb North Vietnam every time they refused

51
Q

Who was Nixon’s advisor in 1968?

A

Henry Kissinger

52
Q

What did Kissinger promise China?

A

If China stops supporting North Vietnam, US will tell UN to officially recognize China Republic

53
Q

What did Kissinger promise USSR?

A

SALT treaties

54
Q

When did Kissinger arrange detentes with China and USSR?

A

1973

55
Q

SALT treaties

A

US and USSR promise to not produce as many nuclear weapons

56
Q

When did Nixon start drafting settlements for the Vietnam war to end?

A

October 1972

57
Q

How did settlements with Vietnam benefit Nixon?

A

Secured his re-election

58
Q

When were all of the US troops finally pulled out of Vietnam?

A

January, 1973

59
Q

By what year was Vietnam completely overrun by communists?

A

1975

60
Q

Watergate

A

Cover-up by Nixon of his employees breaking into Watergate Hotel for strategies and tactics to win next election

61
Q

Who pardoned Nixon for his crimes

A

Gerald Ford

American Civ Since 1877 (5 decks)

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