Civil Rights Era

Question 1

What was occuring worldwide in wake of WW2?

Answer 1

British, French, and German colonies declared independence.

Question 2

What was a driving factor for US to pursue civil rights?

Answer 2

US is leader of the post-WW2 world.

Question 3

NAACP

Answer 3

organization that fought for anti-lynching campaign

Question 4

Southern lynchings were…?

Answer 4

public affairs that families would bring picnics and children to.,

Question 5

why did trials fail for lynching participants?

Answer 5

jury of their peers would find them not guilty. Could not be impartial.

Question 6

How did southern lawmakers take the attempts at an anti-lynching campaign?

Answer 6

Smothered any attempts

Question 7

How did WW2 effect NAACP?

Answer 7

More and more african americans joined the NAACP during WW2

Question 8

Special Presidential Committee on Civil Rights

Answer 8

Started by Truman. Produced report on state of civil rights in 1947.

Question 9

What suggestions did the Civil Rights Committee make?

Answer 9

1. Guarantees for Black voting rights
2. End all racially-motivated legislation
3. Federal anti-lynching legislation

Question 10

How did Congress take Truman’s suggestions for developing civil rights?

Answer 10

Turned all 3 down.

Question 11

What does Truman integrate?

Answer 11

Federal Work Force. (Military)

Question 12

Impact of Truman’s integration on South?

Answer 12

Makes South angry

Question 13

1948 election candidates

Answer 13

Harry Truman (D)
Thomas Dewey (R)
Strom Thurmond (Dixiecrat)

Question 14

Why did Strom Thurmond run in 1948?

Answer 14

Due to split in Democratic party caused by Truman’s integration policies

Question 15

Who did the nation believe would win in 1948?

Answer 15

Thomas Dewey

Question 16

What branch does NAACP focus on to push anti-lynching campaign?

Answer 16

judicial branch

Question 17

Missouri v. ex. rel. Gaines.

Answer 17

Gaines gets into the only law school in Missouri, but the state won’t allow african americans to attend.

Question 18

Missouri v. ex. rel. Gaines year

Answer 18

1939

Question 19

Missouri v. ex. rel. Gaines ruling

Answer 19

If there is no other school, then Missouri must let Gaines in.

Question 20

Impact of Missouri v. ex. rel. Gaines

Answer 20

Integrated graduate education

Question 21

McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents

Answer 21

African americans could get into Oklahoma school system, but could not physically be in the classroom.

Question 22

McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents year

Answer 22

1950

Question 23

McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents ruling

Answer 23

If they are good enough to get into the University, then they must be allowed full access to the school

Question 24

Impact of McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents

Answer 24

Integrated undergraduate education

Question 25

Brown v. Board of Education

Answer 25

Brown was forced to take a bus across town to a black-only school despite living right next to a white-only school

Question 26

Brown v. Board year

Answer 26

1954

Question 27

Brown v. Board ruling

Answer 27

Separate facilities are by their very nature, inherently UNEQUAL

Question 28

Impact of Brown v. Board

Answer 28

14th Amendment juriprudence

Question 29

Brown II year

Answer 29

1955

Question 30

Brown II ruling

Answer 30

Schools must integrate their student bodies "with all deliberate speed"

Question 31

How did schools interpret Brown II?

Answer 31

Took it to mean they could go at their own pace. Went slowly and made no progress to integrate

Question 32

Southern Manifesto

Answer 32

Response of southern legislators to Brown v. Board

Question 33

What did Southern Manifesto declare?

Answer 33

that the states are not bound by SCOTUS decision

Question 34

When was Little Rock Arkansas integration?

Answer 34

September 1957

Question 35

Little Rock Central 9

Answer 35

School allowed 9 black students to integrate into a whites-only public school.

Question 36

Who opposed Little Rock Central 9?

Answer 36

Orval Faubus

Question 37

How did Faubus try to prohibit integration?

Answer 37

Called on Arkansas National Guard

Question 38

How did Eisenhower intervene in Arkansas integration?

Answer 38

Put Arkansas National Guard under Federal control and replaced members with 100 Force Airborne to escort Little Rock 9 to school.

Question 39

When did the situation in Arkansas change?

Answer 39

Early 1958

Question 40

How did the situation in Arkansas change?

Answer 40

Amended Arkansas Constitution to protect segregation

Question 41

What did Little Rock Central Schools request in Feb. 1958?

Answer 41

To pause integration for 30 months

Question 42

Cooper v. Aaron

Answer 42

Little Rock Central school said Faubus created a chaotic and disorderly situation by allowing integration. Returning to segregation will restore law and order.

Question 43

Cooper v. Aaron year

Answer 43

1958

Question 44

Cooper v. Aaron ruling

Answer 44

You cannot restore law and order by depriving another of their rights.

Question 45

Overall impact of Cooper v. Aaron on Southern Manifesto

Answer 45

Once SCOTUS renders a verdict, states cannot ignore that verdict

Question 46

When did the Montegomery Bus Boycotts occur?

Answer 46

Mid 1950s

Question 47

When was Claudette Colvin arrested

Answer 47

March 2nd, 1955

Question 48

When was Rosa Parks arrested?

Answer 48

December 2nd, 1955

Question 49

Who led the Montgomery Bus Boycotts?

Answer 49

Martin Luther King jr.

Question 50

Why was the Bus boycotts so successful?

Answer 50

Majority of bus riders on Montgomery were black = major financial loss to city

Question 51

How long was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

Answer 51

Dec. 5, 1955 - Dec. 20, 1956

Question 52

Greensboro Sit-in

Answer 52

University student sat from opening to closing at Woolworth's lunch counter in Greensboro

Question 53

Why was Greensboro Sit-in so impactful?

Answer 53

it was successful

Question 54

Impact of Greensboro Sit-in

Answer 54

Fostered 70,000 participants nationally to sit-in to desegregate businesses and institutions

Question 55

When was the Greensboro Sit-in?

Answer 55

Feb. 1, 1960

Question 56

What organisation did the Greensboro Sit-in foster?

Answer 56

SNCC (Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee)

Question 57

Freedom Riders

Answer 57

Group of people who challenged laws on segregated interstate buses.

Question 58

when were the freedom rider protests?

Answer 58

1960

Question 59

When did JFK take office?

Answer 59

1961

Question 60

How did JFK end segregation on interstate transportation?

Answer 60

determined that ICC could regulate buses that travelled across state lines.