Video Discussion (Laboratory Only) Flashcards
what matters when identifying insects, and what does not?
what matters - external morphology like wings, abdomen, etc
what does not mattercolor shape size
most commonly used view for identifying insect
lateral view
three major segments of insects
head, thorax, abdomen
how many segments does arachnids have?
two
3 segments of thorax
pro, meso, meta
what segment of the thorax is the first pair of wings connected?
meso
what segment of the thorax is the second pair of wings connected?
meta
mechanical and chemical sensory receptors of the insect
antennae
most basic antennae, looking like strings coming out from it
filiform
type of antennae that have little balls attached to each other, coming off like a pearl necklace from the insect
monoliform
kind of antennae that has two meanings:
big lobe in front of the face, having a hair stick out of it, or setaceous
aristate or setaceous
what insect that has setaceous antennae
mayflies etc
kind of antennae that looks like lobster claw coming off the insects face
stylate
in what mosquitoes does stylate antennae usually seen?
flies, esp in horseflies
a kind of antennae that looks like a filiform but differentiated by a big club at the end, usually seen in butterflies
capitate
kind of antennae that looks like monoliform but at the end has thicker and the club is made up of one or more segments; seen in beetles
clavate
kind of antennae that looks like a filiform but has triangle looking like a saw
serrate
kind of antennae that looks like an exaggerated version of serrate; giant piece of antennal segment coming out
pectinate
kind of antennae that has three long segments at the end were elongated that can be pulled in as club
lamellate
in what insect are lamellate antennae only seen?
scarerabs
kind of antennae that has like a giant fin sticking out of it
flabellate
kind of antennae that has long hair; common in male mosquitoes
plumose
kind of antennae that has short hair; common in female mosquitoes
pilose
kind of antennae that halfway through, has a joint or “elbowed antennae”
geniculate
part of antennae that is connected in the head
antennal sclerite
antennal segment next to antennal sclerite; the first true segment
scape
second true antennal segment
pedicel
what antennal segment houses the johnson’s organ for sensory cells?
pedicel
rest of the antennal segment that is segmented to flagellomeres
flagellum
types of mouthparts
mandibular, proboscis, hemipteran beak
mouthpart orientations
prognathus (forward mouth), hypognathous (down mouth), opisthognathous (backwards mouth)
why do female mosquitoes need to have blood-meal?
lack of protein; they have to get nutrients from host
a normal process where female mosquito takes blood-meal to obtain proteins to kick start the metabolism of their reproductive system
anautogenous
part of mouth that covers all parts
labium
mouth part that holds the skin to open
paired mandible
mouthpart that is a tube-like responsible for sipping blood
hypopharynx aka stylet
from what mouth part do saliva came from?
hypopharynx
mouth part that cuts/pierces through the skin
paired maxillae
mouth part that detects where the blood vessels are located
labrum
mouth part that cleans the skin debris
labella
the process where morphological adaptation occurs due to the harsh environment
convergent evolution
difference of walking stick and stick grasshopper
walking stick’s feet - faces forward
stick grasshopper’s feet - faces backward
2 major types of eyes of insects
compound eyes, and ocelli eye
type of leg: used for predation, has spikey tibia
raptorial
type of leg:
found in mole crickets
used for: digging and burrowing
fossorial
type of leg: swimming legs
found in aquatic bugs or beetles
natatorial
type of leg: jumping leg
mainly seen in grasshoppers and cricket
saltatorial legs
type of leg: running legs
seen in cockroaches, allows them to move quickly
cursorial legs
type of leg: creeping or walking legs
gressorial legs
part of leg that connects the leg to the body
coxa
pretty small leg segment after the coxa
trochanter
first long big segment of the leg
femur
second long big segment of the leg
tibia
toes of the insect
tarsomeres
part of leg after tibia; has tarsomeres and cerci
tarsus
two type of membranous wing
regular membranous (dont have lots of wingbination) or reticulate (common in dragonfly)
type of wing: forewing is leathery, protecting the membranous hindwing from the back
tegmina (seen in cockroach)
type of wing: harden shell in the beetles; actually the forewing
elytra
type of wing: first half of forewing is hardened in like a thick-leathery texture whereas the other half of the forewing is membranous
hemelytra
type of wing: hindwing is completely reduced into a knob-like used as balancing object, like a gyroscope
haltere
a wind hooking mechanism that looks like a chew gum (?) coming out of the forewing holding the hindwing
jugum
a wind hooking mechanism that looks like a little hook in the forewing but better mechanism that jugum
retinaculum
a wind hooking mechanism is a really thick bristle from the hindwing that goes into the forewing and catches the retinaculum
frenulum
a wind hooking mechanism seen in wasps and bees, looking like row of hooks in the hindwing that catches the forewing
hamuli
a thick vein that runs on top of the wing
coastal margin
couple of veins below coastal margin
subcosta
where are ears of cricket located
tibia of foreleg
where are ears of moth located
side of thorax
where are ears of grasshopper located
1st abdominal segment
where are ears of praying mantis located
middle of thorax
terminal pieces found at the last segment of the insect
cerci
