Chapter 1 Flashcards
Taxonomal Hierarchy of Mosquito
Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Family: Culicidae
Genus: Aedes
3 subfamilies under Culicidae
Toxorhynchitinae
Anophelinae
Culicinae
Anopheles species are vectors of what disease?
Filariasis (Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi)
Aedes species are important vectors of what diseases?
yellow fever
dengue
west nile virus
.. other arbovirus
Mansonia species transmit what diseases?
Brugia malayi
and sometimes Wuchereria bancrofti
what mosquitos are vectors of yellow fever?
Haemogogus and Sabethes
body is divided into three. what are those?
head, body, thorax
between eyes are a pair of?
filamentous and segmented antennae
this is represented by pair of small, knob-like halteres
hind-wings
female antennae?
pilose
male antennae?
plumose
whorls of shorter hairs of female antennae is called?
pilose
many long hairs, appearing feathery for male antennae?
plumose
below the antennae is a pair of
palps
arises between the palp; contains piercing mouthparts
proboscis
scales on the wings are usually colored?
brown, black, white, or yellowish
scales on the legs are usually in patterns and colored?
brown, black, or white
how many segments does an abdomen have?
10; but only first 7 or 8 are visible
difference of mosquitoes in the subfamily Culicinae and Anophelinae in its abdomen
Culicinae - abdomen is covered with scales dorsally and ventrally, whereas
Anophelinae - abdomen is almost, or entirely devoid (no) scales
difference of Anophelinae abdomen to male and female mosquitoes
female - last abdominal segment terminates in a pair of small finger-like cerci, whereas,
male - a pair of prominent claspers, comprises the part of the male external genitalia
difference of unfed mosquitoes (male) to newly fed (female)
unfed mosquitoes - male; thin and slender
newly-fed mosquitoes -female; greatly distended and resembles and oval red balloon
mouthparts are collectively known ad
proboscis
largest component of the mouthpart that is long and flexible, gutter-shaped, terminating the labella
labium
pair of small flap-like structures in the mouth
labella
mouth part that encircle all other components and serve as a protective sheathe
labium
mouth part that is slender, pointed, and is responsible for piercing through the host
labrum
single toothed hollow stylet in the mouthpart
hypopharynx
located between upper and lower labium is a five needle-like structure called
toothed maxillae
usually lack teeth in the mouth part
upper pair of mandibles
saliva comes from a pair of trilobed salivary glands, located ventrally in the anterior part of ?
thorax
saliva contains what enzyme
antihaemostatic enzymes
what does the enzyme in saliva produces, and what is its function?
antihaemostatic enzyme produces haematomas in the skin and functions to facilitate the uptake of the blood
what does haematomas contain, and what is its function?
anticoagulants to prevent clotting of blood and obstructing the mouthparts is it is sucked up
where do sperm from male enters the female?
spermotheca
the process of a female mosquito biting a host and taking a blood-meal to obtain necessary nutrients for egg development is referred to as
anautogenous development
a rare occurrence wherein a few species can develop the first batch of eggs without a blood-meal is referred to as
autogenouse development
blood digestion in tropical species takes how many days?
2-3 days only
blood digestion in colder temperate countries takes how many days?
7-14 days
when is mosquito referred to as being half-gravid?
when blood is digested and the white eggs in the ovary enlarges, and the abdomen becomes whitish posteriorly and dark reddish anteriorly
when will a female mosquito be referred to as gravid?
if blood is fully digested and the abdomen becomes dilated and whitish due to formation of fully developed eggs
after the female mosquito becomes gravid, what will happen?
she searches for suitable larval habitats in which she lay her eggs
after oviposition, what will the female mosquito do?
takes another blood-meal and after few (2-3 in tropics, 7-14 in colder temp) days, further batch of eggs is matured
the process of blood-feeding, egg maturation, oviposition, and repetition of such, from female mosquitoes, is referred to as?
gonotrophic cycle
depending on species, how many eggs does a female mosquito lay in one oviposition?
3-0-300 eggs
egg shape of Culicinae spp.
elongate or approximately ovoid in shape
egg shape of Mansonia spp
terminal filament
egg shape of Anophelinae spp
boat-shaped
where do Anopheles spp lay their eggs?
directly on water surface
where do Culex spp lay their eggs?
vertically in several rows held together by surface tension to form and egg raft which floats on the water; directly on water surface same Anopheles spp
where do Mansonia spp lay their eggs?
in a sticky mass glued to the underside of floating plants
what genera of mosquitoes do not lay their eggs on water surface?
genera Aedes, Psorophora, and Haemogogus
eggs of what genera can withstand desiccation?
genera Aedes, Psorophora, and Haemogogus
define state of diapause
not hatching until some specific environment stimulus such as a change in daylength and/or temperature breaks diapause and the egg hatch
