Vibrio Flashcards
all vibrio are halophilic except
Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio mimicus
(halotolerant)
natural habitants of sea water
vibrios
MOT of vibrios
drinking contaminated water, ingestion of contaminated seafood
if culture is prolonged, what happens to vibrio spp?
straight rods
flagella of vibrio
single polar
vibrio is oxidase (+) except
Vibrio metschnikovii
culture media used for vibrio spp and describe
- Alkaline Peptone Water
*enrichment media
*pH 8.4
*subculture to TCBS - Thiosulfate Citrate Bile salts Sucrose Agar
*selective media
*pH 8.6
*sucrose fermenter = smooth yellow colonies on green TCBS
if swab is used for inoculation, what do you do?
inoculate it inside the tube
composition of TCBS
(SOSS)
Sucrose
Oxgall
Sodium cholate
Sodium citrate
bile salt derivative
oxgall
indicators of TCBS
bromothymol blue, thymol blue
T or F. vibrio spp survive in acidic environments
F
high pH (alkaline) enhances the growth of vibrio. they die in acidic environments
these are important for inhibiting gram (+) and lactose fermenting gram (-) bacteria
(HOS)
High pH
Oxgall
Sodium citrate
enumerate the sucrose positive vibrios
(CAFF +)
V. cholerae
V. alginolyticus
V. fluvialis
V. furnissii
enumerate the sucrose negative vibrios
(PVM -)
V. parahaemolyticus
V. vulnificus
V. mimicus
agent for cholera
Vibrio cholerae
a gastrointestinal tract infection characterized by severe diarrhea and severe dehydration
cholera
common cause for cholera epidemics and pandemics
V. cholerae O1
3 serogroups of V. cholerae
(OIH-IPJ)
Ogawa - India
Inaba - Philippines
Hikojima - Japan
2 biotypes of V. cholerae O1 and describe
Classical
*past epidemics
El tor
*recent epidemics
*more aggressive
when did the 7th cholera pandemic start?
1961
V. cholerae is very similar to what bioptype?
V. cholerae O1 El Tor biotype
T or F. Vibrio cholerae is pathogenic to humans only
T
amount of cholerae in water and food to become infectious
water (>10^10 organism)
food (<10^2 - 10^4 organism)
potent enterotoxin that causes severe diarrhea in cholera
choleragen
*affects bowel mucosa and leads to outpouring of water and electrolytes
consistency of stool in cholera
rice watery stool
if the patient is taking this, even small amounts can lead to infections of V. cholerae
acid suppressors
this subunit leads to increase in cAMP
what happens after?
A subunit
leads to hypersecretion of electrolytes and water into the lumen (20-30 L of water a day)
enumerate the laboratory diagnosis of V. cholerae
(SSC SSB)
1. Specimen
*stool or rectal swab (acute stage)
- Smear
*gram (-) comma shaped rods - Culture
*peptone agar (rapid growth, BAP pH 9)
*TCBS - String test
*0.5% deoxycholate
*positive = viscous string - Serotype
*O1 and O139 - Biochemical reaction patterns
pH of BAP used in V. cholerae
pH 9
additive in string test and its positive reaction
0.5% sodium deoxycholate; viscous string
treatment for cholera
(WOP)
Water and electrolyte replacement
Oral tetracycline
Perform AST
organism that causes asiatic cholera (epidemic and pandemic cholera)
V. cholerae
vibrio that causes septicemia and wound infection
V. vulnificus
vibrio that causes gastroenteritis and ear infection
V. mimicus
vibrio that causes wound infection and ear infection
V. alginolyticus
(may sugat si Gino sa ears)
vibrio that causes gastroenteritis and diarrhea
V. fluvialis, V. furnissii
phenomenon and agar used in C. parahaemolyticus
Kanagawa phenomenon
Wagatsuma agar
medium of choice to differentiate vibrio spp
TCBS
