Vessels and nerves - Upper limb

Question 1

What is the route of the suprascapular nerve?

Answer 1

From brachial plexus (superior trunk) travels through the supracapular foramen between bone and supraspinatus muscle, through grease scapular notch to infraspinatus

Question 2

What is the route of the axillary nerve?

Answer 2

From brachial plexus (posterior cord) passes posterior to surgical neck of humerus and innervates the trees minor, deltoid and regimental badge

Question 3

What branches come from the axillary artery?

Subclavian-axillary anastomosis

Answer 3

Anterior and posterior humeral circumflex artery

Thoracoacromial trunk

Question 4

What is the axillary-axillary anastomosis?

Answer 4

Between the humeral circumflex a. and the profound brachii a.

Question 5

What passes through the subscapular foramen of the axilla?

Answer 5

Suprascapular nerve (through) and supra scapular artery (above)

Question 6

What passes through the quadrangular space of the axilla?

Answer 6

Axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery

Question 7

What passes through the triangular space of the axilla?

Answer 7

Circumflex scapular artery

Question 8

What passes through the triangle interval of the axilla?

Answer 8

Radial nerve ad the profunda brachii a.

Question 9

Where is the first part of the axillary artery and what is it branch?

Answer 9

Where: From the first rib to the beginning of the pectorals minor

Branch: Superior thoracic artery

Question 10

Where is the second part of the axillary artery and what are its branches?

Answer 10

Where: Under the pectorals minor

Branches: Thoracoacromial trunk and lateral thoracic artery

Question 11

Where is the third part of the axillary artery and what are its branches?

Answer 11

Where: When the artery comes out from under the pectoralis minor

Branches: The subscapular artery (circumflex scapular and thoracodorsal artery), anterior humeral circumflex artery and the posterior humeral circumflex artery

Question 12

What is the route of the Circumflex scapular artery?

Answer 12

Passes through the triangular space and enters the intraspinous fossa and anatomises with some branches of the subscapular artery and dorsal scapular artery

Question 13

What is the route of the thoracodorsal artery?

Answer 13

Follows lateral border of the scapular and then supplies medial walls and latissimus dorsi

Question 14

What is the route of the anterior humeral circumflex artery?

Answer 14

Runs around the back of the surgical neck of the humerus and then connects with th e posterior humeral circumflex artery

Question 15

Via what route does the suprascapular branch of the subclavian artery join to the axillary artery to create the shoulder anastomoses?

Answer 15

1) Suprascapular > circumflex scapular > subscapular > axillary
2) Suprascapular > posterior humeral circumflex > axillary

Question 16

Via what route does the transverse cervical branch of the subclavian artery join to the axillary artery to create the shoulder anastomoses?

Answer 16

Transverse cervical/dorsal scapular > Circumflex scapular > subscapular > axillary

Question 17

Describe the location of the axillary vein and its major tributary

Answer 17

The axillary vein is anteromedial to the axillary artery and its major tributary is the cephalic vein which runs in the deltopectoral groove (superficial)

Question 18

What are the branches of the brachial artery ?

Answer 18

Profunda brachii a.
2 ulnar collateral a.
Radial a.
Ulnar a.

Question 19

What are the branches of the profound brachii a. in the arm?

Answer 19

Divides into the radial and middle collateral a.

Question 20

What is the route of the brachial artery in the arm?

Answer 20

Starts at the teres major muscle and on the lateral side of the arm and then moves onto the anterior aspect of the arm

Question 21

What the route of the musculocutaneous nerve in the arm?

Answer 21

Passes through the coracobrachialis and between the biceps and brachial and terminates as the lateral cutaneous nerve off the forearm

Question 22

What is the route of the median nerve in the arm?

Answer 22

Travels in anterior compartment, related to brachial artery

Question 23

What is the route of the ulnar nerve in the arm?

Answer 23

Follows brachial artery, passes to posterior compartment and around the medial epicondyle

Question 24

What is the route of the radial nerve in the arm?

Answer 24

Accompanies the deep artery and then passes to anterior compartment lateral to the epicondyle, anterior to the elbow and gives off muscular and cutaneous branches

Question 25

What is the route of the radial artery in the forearm?

Answer 25

Down the lateral aspect of the arm, under the brachioradialis, blood to posterolateral aspect of hand, superficial palmar branch

Question 26

What is the route of the ulnar artery in the forearm?

Answer 26

Medial side of forearm with nerve, enter the hand superficial to the carpal tunnel, supplies blood to forearm and hand

Question 27

What is the route of the common interosseous artery in the forearm?

Answer 27

It is usually a branch of the ulnar artery and it has anterior and posterior branches which supply both compartments of the forearm

Question 28

What is the route of the median nerve in the forearm?

Answer 28

Innervates anterior forearm muscles (except the flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus, passes through the cubital fossa , down anterior aspect of arm and through carpal tunnel where it is 2 branches

Question 29

What is the route of the ulnar nerve in the forearm?

Answer 29

Innervates the flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus (in the arm because they attach at the elbow) and then they pass around the back of the medial epicondyle of elbow, down medial edge of arm (with ulnar artery) and enters hand above the carpal tunnel and splits into two branches

Question 30

What is the route of the radial nerve in the forearm?

Answer 30

Anterolateral superficial branch is sensory and goes around the front of lateral epicondyle then gives off superficial and deep branch

Question 31

What happens to the superficial branch of the ulnar artery in the hand?

Answer 31

Superficial branch goes from medial to lateral and gives off 4 branches which turn from the common to the proper palmar digital arteries

Question 32

What happens to the deep branch of the ulnar artery in the hand?

Answer 32

It joins the deep palmar/dorsal carpal arch

Question 33

What happens to the radial artery in the hand?

Answer 33

It forms the dorsal carpal arch, which gives off the dorsal metacarpal arteries, which turn into the dorsal digital arteries

Question 34

How does the ulnar nerve enter the hand?

Answer 34

Through Guyon’s canal between the pisiform and hamate bones

Question 35

How does the median nerve enter the hand?

Answer 35

Through the carpal tunnel

Question 36

How does the radial nerve enter the hand?

Answer 36

Enters the hand by passing over the anatomical snuff box

Question 37

How do you test the motor function of the median nerves?

Answer 37

Forceful opposition of thumbs

Question 38

How do you test the motor function of the deep branch of the ulnar nerve?

Answer 38

Flexion of MCP with extension of IP and forceful adduction of fingers (with paper)