Muscle Origin & Insertion - Upper Limb Flashcards
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the Trapezius?
Origin: Occipital protuberance and spinous process C7-T12
Insertion: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the Levator scapulae?
Origin: Transverse processes of C1-C4
Insertion: Upper medial border of the scapula
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the Rhomboid minor?
Origin: Spinous professes of C7-T1
Insertion: medial edge of the scapula at the spine
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the Rhomboid major?
Origin: Spinous processes of T2-T5
Insertion: medial edge of scapula below the spine
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the Deltoid?
Origin: Clavicle and scapula (opposite trapezius)
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the Latissimus Doris?
Origin: spinous process of T6-L5, sacrum, iliac crest and ribs 10-12
Insertion: Floor of intertubercular sulcus
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the Pectoralis major?
Origin: Has a clavicular head that attaches at the clavicle and a sternocostal head which attaches to the anterior surface of the sternum and the first 7 costal cartilages
Insertion: Lateral lip of the intertubucular sulcus
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the pectoralis minor?
Origin: Anterior surface of ribs 3-5
Insertion: Coracoid process
Which are the “fan shaped” muscles of the shoulder?
Latissimus Doris and the pectoralis major
What are the muscles of the anterior shoulder?
Pectoralis minor, subclavius, coracobrachialis and serratus anterior
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the subclavius?
Origin: First rib (at costal cartilage)
Insertion: Middle 1/3 of clavicle
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the Coracobrachialis?
Origin: coracoid process
Insertion: medial aspect of the humerus
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the serratus anterior?
Origin: lateral surfaces of ribs 1-8/9
Insertion: medial border of scapula (costal surface)
Wha are the muscles of the rotator cuff?
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of teres minor?
Origin: lateral infraspinous fossa
Insertion: inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of teres major?
Origin: posterior surface of scapula near inferior angle (inferior to the teres minor)
Insertion: Medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the supraspinatus?
Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: superior facet of the greater tubercle of humerus
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the infraspinatus?
Origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: Middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
What are the biarticular muscles and what does this mean?
Triceps and biceps and this means that they cross 2 joints
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the biceps brachii?
Origin: two heads, supra glenoid tubercle (long) and coracoid process (short)
Insertion: radial tuberosity of forearm
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the brachialis?
Origin: anterior aspect of the humerus
Insertion: ulnar tuberosity and anterior surface of Coronado process of ulna
What are the muscles of the anterior arm?
Coracobrachialis
What are the muscles of the arm?
Biceps, brachialis
What are the muscles of the posterior arm?
Triceps
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the triceps?
Origin: infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula (long head), posterior surface of humerus superior to the radial groove (lateral head) and inferior to the radial groove (medial head)
Insertion: olecranon of ulna
What muscles are in the superficial layer of the anterior forearm?
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris longus (sometimes not present)
Flexor carpi radialis
Pronates teres
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the flexor carpi ulnaris?
Origin: medial epicondyl of humerus and olecranon on the posterior border of ulna
Insertion: pisiform, then to hamate and base of 5th metacarpal
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the palmaris longus?
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: continuous with palmar aponeurosis
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the flexor carpi radialis?
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: bases of metacarpals 2 and 3
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the pronator teres?
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulnar
What muscles are part of the intermediate layer of the anterior forearm?
Flexor digitorum superficialis
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the Flexor digitorum superficialis?
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process and oblique line of radius
Insertion: Margins of middle phalanges (2-5)
What muscles make up the deep layer of the anterior forearm?
Flexor digitorum profundus, flexor policis longus and pronator quadratus
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the flexor digitorum profundus?
Origin: anterior surfaces of ulna and the interosseus membrane
Insertion: base of distal phalanges of digits 2-5
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the flexor policis longus?
Origin: anterior surfaces of radius and the interosseus membrane
Insertion: base of the distal phalanx of digit 1
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the pronator quadratus?
Origin: anterior surface of distal part of ulna (only deep muscle that doesn’t originate off of the interosseus membrane)
Insertion:anterolateral surface of distal radius
What muscles make up the superficial layer of the posterior forearm?
Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi Extensor carpi ulnaris Anconeus
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the brachioradialis?
Origin: lateral supraepicondylar ridge
Insertion: lateral surface of distal radius (does not cross wrist)
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis?
Origin: lateral supraepicondylar ridge (longus) and lateral epicondyle (longus and brevis)
Insertion: base of metacarpal 2 (longus and brevis) and 3 (brevis)
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the extensor digitorum?
Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: extensor hoods of digits 2-5
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the extensor digiti minimi?
Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: extensor hood of digit 5
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the extensor carpi ulnaris?
Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: base of metacarpal 5
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the anconeus?
Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: olecranon and posterior surface of ulna
What muscles make up the deep layer of the posterior forearm?
Supinator Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis longus Extensor indicus
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the supinator?
Origin: lateral epicondyle (superficial) and ulna (deep part)
Insertion: oblique line of radius
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the abductor pollicis longus?
Origin: posterior surfaces of radius and ulna and interosseus membrane
Insertion: lateral side of metacarpal 1
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the extensor pollicis longus and brevis?
Origin: posterior radius (brevis), posterior ulna (longus) and interosseus membrane (both)
Insertion: first phalanx of digit 1 (brevis) and distal phalanx of digit 1 (longus)
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the extensor indicus?
Origin: posterior ulna and interosseus membrane
Insertion: extensor hood of digit 2
What are the anterior extrinsic muscles of the hand?
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexor digitorum profundus
What are the posterior extrinsic muscles of the hand?
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
What are the intrinsic hand muscles?
Palmaris brevis Thenar muscles Hypothenar muscles Adductor pollicis Lumbricals Interossei
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the palmaris brevis?
Origin: palmaris brevis
Insertion: dermis of medial margin of hand
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the thenar muscles?
Origins: Flexor retinaculum, trapeziums and scaphoid
Insertion: flexor and abductor insert at the base of the proximal phalanx and extensor hood (abductor pollicis brevis)
Opponens inserts along the radial side of the first metacarpal
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the hypothenar muscles?
Origins: Hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum (opponens digiti minimi and flexor digiti minimi brevis), pisiform (abductor digiti minimi)
Insertion: Flexor and abductor insert at the base of the proximal phalanx and extensor hood
Opponens inserts along the ulnar side of the fifth metacarpal
Which are the thenar muscles?
Opponens pollicis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Which are the hypothenar muscles?
Opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Abductor digiti minimi
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the adductor pollicis?
Origin: transverse head from shaft of metacarpal 3, oblique head from capitate and bases of metacarpal 2 and 3
Insertion: base of proximal phalanx and extensor hood
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the lumbricals?
Origin: tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus
Insertion: extensor hoods
What is/are the origin(s) and insertion(s) of the interossei?
Origin: shaft of the metacarpals
Insertion:extensor hoods and base of first phalanx