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MBBS Anatomy > Muscle Function - Lower Limb > Flashcards

Muscle Function - Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the gluteus Maximus?

A

Powerful hip extensor, abducts and laterally rotates thigh, stabilises hip

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2
Q

What is the function of the tensor fasciae latae?

A

Stabilises knee and hip

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3
Q

What is the function of the gluteus medius?

A

Abducts and medially rotates femur, most posterior fibres can laterally rotate

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4
Q

What is the function of the gluteus minimus?

A

Abducts and medially rotates femur

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5
Q

What is the function of the piriformis?

A

Laterally rotates (extended) and abducts (flexed) femur

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6
Q

What is the function of the quadratus femoris?

A

Laterally rotates femur

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7
Q

What is the function of the obturator internus?

A

Laterally rotates (extended) and abducts (flexed) femur

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8
Q

What is the function of the superior and inferior gemellus?

A

Laterally rotates (extended) and abducts (flexed) femur

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9
Q

How many deep muscles of the gluteal region are there?

A

5

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10
Q

Where are the dorsal muscles of the thigh located?

A

Anterior compartment

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11
Q

Where are the ventral muscles of the thigh located?

A

Posterior and medial compartments

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12
Q

What is the function of the iliopsoas and what muscles is it made up of?

A

Flex thigh at hip joint

Made up of psoas major and iliacus

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13
Q

What muscles is the quadriceps femoris made up of?

A

Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus lateralis
Rectus femoris

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14
Q

What is the function of the quadriceps femoris?

A

Extends leg at knee and flexes thigh at hip (rectus femoris)

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15
Q

What is the function of the sartorius?

A

flexes thigh at hip and flexes leg at knee

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16
Q

What muscles are in the anterior thigh?

A

Quadriceps femoris, iliopsoas and sartorius

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17
Q

What muscles are in the medial thigh?

A

Gracilis, pectineus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, obturator externus, adductor magnus, adductor hiatus

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18
Q

What is the function of the gracilis?

A

Adducts thigh at hip and flexes leg at knee

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19
Q

What is the function of the pectineus?

A

Adducts and flexes thigh at hip

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20
Q

What is the function of the adductor longus?

A

Adducts and medially rotates thigh at hip

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21
Q

What is the function of the adductor brevis?

A

Adducts thigh at hip

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22
Q

What is the function of the Obturator externus?

A

Laterally rotates thigh at hip

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23
Q

What is the function of the adductor magnus?

A

Adducts and medially rotates thigh at hip joint

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24
Q

What muscles are in the posterior thigh?

A

Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

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25
Q

What is the function of the biceps femoris?

A

Flexes leg at knew joint, extends thigh at hip joint, laterally rotates the thigh at the hip joint and leg at knee joint

26
Q

What is the function of the semitendinosus?

A

Flexes leg at knew joint, extends thigh at hip joint, medially rotates the thigh at the hip joint and leg at knee joint

27
Q

What is the function of the semimebranosus?

A

Flexes leg at knee joint, extends thigh at hip joint, medially rotates the thigh at the hip joint and leg at knee joint

28
Q

What is the function of the popliteus?

A

Stabilises knee joint (resists lateral rotation of tibia on femur) and unlocks knee joint (laterally rotates femur on fixed tibia)

29
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the posterior leg?

A

Gastrocnemius, plantaris, soleus

30
Q

What is the function of the gastrocnemius?

A

Flexes knee and plantarflexes foot

31
Q

What is the function of the plantaris?

A

Flexes knee and plantarflexes foot

32
Q

What is the function of the soleus?

A

Plantarflexes foot

33
Q

What is the function of the flexor hallucinations longus?

A

Flexes big toe

34
Q

What is the function of the tibialis posterior?

A

Plantarflexes and inverts foot, supports medial arch

35
Q

What is the function of the flexor digitorum longus?

A

Flexes lateral four toes

36
Q

What is the function of the fibulas longus?

A

Eversion and plantar flexion of foot and supports arches

37
Q

What is the function of the fibularis brevis?

A

Eversion of foot

38
Q

What muscles are in the lateral leg?

A

Fibularis longus and brevis

39
Q

What muscles are in the anterior leg?

A

Tibialis anterior, Extensor digitorum longus, fibula’s tertius and extensor hallucis longus

40
Q

What is the function of the tibialis anterior?

A

Dorsiflexion of the foot, inversion of foot and supports medial arch

41
Q

What is the function of the extensor digitorum longus?

A

Extends digit 2-5 and dorsiflexes foot

42
Q

What is the function of the fibularis tertius?

A

Dorsiflexion and possible eversion off the foot

43
Q

What is the function of the extensor hallucis longus?

A

Extends big toe and dorsiflexes foot

44
Q

Where are the dorsal muscles of the leg located?

A

In the lateral and anterior compartments

45
Q

Where are the ventral muscles of the leg located?

A

In the posterior compartment

46
Q

What is the function of the extensor digitorum brevis?

A

Extends toes 1-5

47
Q

What is the function of the abductor hallucis?

A

Abducts and flexes big toe

48
Q

What is the function of the flexor digitorum brevis

A

Flexes digits 2-5 at proximal interphalangeal joints

49
Q

What is the function of the abductor digiti minimi?

A

Abducts digit 5

50
Q

What muscles are in the first layer of the foot?

A

Abductor hallucis, Flexor digitorum brevis, abductor digiti minimi

51
Q

What muscles are in the second layer of the foot?

A

Quadratus plantae, lumbricals

52
Q

What is the function of the quadratus plantae?

A

Assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing digits 2-5

53
Q

What is the function of the lumbricals?

A

Flexion of metocarpophalangeal and extension of interphalangeal joints

54
Q

What muscles are in the third layer of the foot?

A

Flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi

55
Q

What is the function of flexor hallucis brevis?

A

Flexes MP joint of big toe

56
Q

What is the function of adductor hallucis?

A

Adducts big toe at MP joint

57
Q

What is the function of flexor digiti minimi?

A

Flexes little toe at MP joint

58
Q

What are the muscles in the fourth layer of the foot?

A

Dorsal interossei and plantar interossei

59
Q

What is the function of dorsal interossei?

A

Abducts digits 2-4, flexes MP joints and extends IP joints

60
Q

What is the function of the plantar interossei?

A

Adducts toes 3-5, help flex MP and extend IP joints

MBBS Anatomy (9 decks)

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