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cranial and cervical > vessels > Flashcards

vessels Flashcards

1
Q

what passes throught foramen spinosum?

A

middle meningeal artery +meningeal branch of mandibular nerve

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2
Q

what passes through foramen rotundum?

A

maxillary nerve

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3
Q

what passes through foramen ovale?

A

mandibular nerve + lesser petrosal

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4
Q

what passes through foramen lacrum?

A

internal carotid artery passes its posterior wall + greater petrosal nerve

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5
Q

what vessel goes over inferior petrosal sulcus?

A

inferior petrosal sinus

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6
Q

what nerves pass through jugular foramen?

A

cranial nerves 9,10,11.

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7
Q

what is another name of pterygopalatine fossa?

A

sphenopalatine fossa

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8
Q

what foramen does facial nerve pass through to exit skull

A

stylomastoid foramen

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9
Q

what goes over mastoid notch?

A

occipital artery

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10
Q

what goes through mandibular foramen?

A

inferior alveolar artery and nerve

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11
Q

what goes out of mental foramen?

A

mental artery, vein and nerve

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12
Q

where about does the common carotid branch?

A

superior margin of thyroid cartilage

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13
Q

what nerve goes right by side common carotid and internal carotid?

A

vagus nerve

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14
Q

what is inside carotid sheath?

A

common and internal carotid, internal jugular, vagus+ ansa cervicalis

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15
Q

what are the branches of external carotid artery?

A

the three anterior: superior thyroid, lingual artery (just above greater horn of hyoid), facial artery.
posterior: occipital, ascending pharyngeal, posterior auricular artery, superficial temporal and maxillary.

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16
Q

name a branch of superior thyroid artery

A

superior laryngeal artery

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17
Q

branches of maxillary A?

A

middle meningeal artery, deep auricular and anterior tympanic, inferior alveolar, deep temporal artery, buccal, posterior superior alveolar artery, pterygoid branches, the terminal comes out inferior to orbit which is infera-orbital artery

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18
Q

what are the branches of subclavian artery?

A

internal thoracic, thyrocervical (further into inferior thyroid), vertebral, costocervical

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19
Q

what is the origin of vertebral arteries?

A

subclavian

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20
Q

what are the types of nerve associated with arteries?

A

muscle contraction-penetrate wall, mostly symp

hitch hikers-remain outside adventitia, parasymp,symp, sensory or a combo

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21
Q

example of branches of an artery to artery anastomosis?

A

left and right superior labial arteries

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22
Q

example of two arteries coming together to form one single artery?

A

vertebral arteries forming basilar artery

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23
Q

example of two arteries linked by small connecting artery?

A

circle of willis

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24
Q

example of arterio-venous anatsomosis?

A

capillary bed in skin of face for thermoregulation

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25
Q

level of arch of aorta?

A

manubriosternal joint

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26
Q

branches of arch of aorta?

A

brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid, left subclavian

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27
Q

level of brachiocephalic trunk branching?

A

sternoclavicular

right common carotid and subclavian

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28
Q

level of common carotid dividing?

A

top of thyroid cartilage of larynx

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29
Q

what does carotid sheath contain?

A

common and internal carotid, internal jugular, vagus, ansa cervicalis.

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30
Q

what structure is prominantly posterior to carotid sheath?

A

symp trunk

31
Q

anterior and posterior branches of external carotid A.?

A

A:
-superior thyroid
-lingual-deep to intermediate tendon of digastric
-facial-supplies submandibular and sublingual glands, soft palate, tonsils, superficial face.
P:
-ascending pharyngeal-bellow posterior belly of digastric, supplies extra cranial pharynx, TMJ, tympanic cavity and also meninges (via an intracranial branch through foramen magnum)
-occipital-supplies occiput and SCM , grooves the occiput medial to mastoid process
-posterior auricular- supplies parotid, auricle, occiput, arises above posterior belly of digastric

32
Q

terminal branches of external carotid?

A

superficial temporal and maxillary

33
Q

where does the ex. carotid divide to form the terminal branches?

A

in the parotid

34
Q

supraorbital and supratrochlear arteries are branches of —– artery.

A

ophthalmic artery which is a branch of internal carotid.

35
Q

what is a variation of superior thryroid artery?

A

may arise from upper common carotid

36
Q

branches of facial?

A

Tonsilar artery
submental
Inferior and superior labial arteries

37
Q

variation to facial artery?

A

may arise as a single trunk with lingual/ or with superior thyroid artery

38
Q

ascending pharyngeal arises —- posterior belly, occipital passes —- to posterior belly. posterior auricular —- posterior belly.

A

well below
deep
above

39
Q

branches of superficial temporal?

A

transverse facial, zygomatico-orbital

40
Q

where is transverse facial located and what does it supply?

A

below zygomatic arch and within parotid.

supplies parotid, inferior part of orbicularis oculi.

41
Q

location of zygomatico-orbital and its supply?

A

above zygomatic arch, supplies superior orbicularis oculi

42
Q

the very last branches of superficial temporal are —- and —- which supply ——- structures.

A

frontal and parietal branches,

scalp, ear, temporalis. Temporalis also supplied by deep temporal arteries.

43
Q

facial artery terminates in —–.

A

medial corner of the eye

44
Q

describe the course maxillary artery

A

passes medial to neck of the mandible, between two heads of lateral pterygoid, into pterygopalatine fossa.
but it branches before entering the fossa.

45
Q

branches of maxillary artery

A

-deep auricular artery,
-anterior tympanic artery,
-middle meningeal artery and
-inferior alveolar artery
+ branches to muscles of mastication;
-medial and lateral pterygoid,
-masseteric,
-buccinator
-deep temporal
ALSO
-posterior superior alveolar
-infraorbital artery-terminal branch

46
Q

infraorbital artery enters the orbit through —-

Branches into—–

A

inferior orbital fissure

superior alveolar arteries

47
Q

deep auricular and anterior tympanic supply —,—-,—-.

A

tmj, tympanic membrane, middle ear

48
Q

middle meningeal artery often passes between —- of —–.

A

two heads of auriculotemporal nerve

49
Q

carotid body is a —– which detects —-.

A

chemoreceptor,

oxygen levels

50
Q

carotid body and sinus are both innervated by —,—- and —-.

A

glosso
vagus
symp trunk

51
Q

branches of internal carotid?

A

inside skull it gives off opthalamic artery which supplies orbit, eye and forehed, which gives of terminal branches of supraorbital and supratrochlear.

52
Q

branches of subclavian artery?

A

vertebral, internal thoracic, thyrocervical (branches to inferior thyroid artery ) trunk, costocervical trunk

53
Q

vertebral artery passes through —- (foramen), then passes through—- to enter skull and forms a single—-.

A

foramen transversaria
foramen magnum
basilar

54
Q

costocervical is deep to —–.

A

anterior scalene muscle

55
Q

how is venous return assisted?

A

gravity
muscle in vein walls
external pressure from contraction of adjacent viscera, movement of adjacent viscera, suction of blood into thorax during inspiration and valves.

56
Q

what are the tributaries of brachiocephalic vein?

A

inferior thyroid veins
vertebral veins
internal thoracic veins

57
Q

what does internal jugular drain?

A

cranial dural sinuses

facial, lingual, pharyngeal, superior and middle thyroid veins.

58
Q

between anterior and middle scalene muscles we have — and — coming off.

A

subclavian artery and brachial plexus.

59
Q

tributaries of subclavian vein?

A 
external jugular 
anterior jugulars (variable as may drain into external jugulars).
60
Q

— and —- form the retromandibular vein.

A

maxillary and superficial temporal veins

61
Q

anterior branch of retromandibular vein unites with the —- vein to form —-.

A

facial vein to form the internal jugular

62
Q

the posterior branch of retromandibular vein unites with —– to form —-.

A

posterior auricular vein to form external jugular.

63
Q

external jugular is —- to scm unlike internal jugular and common carotid.

A

external

64
Q

facial vein is formed by confluence of —- and —- veins.

A

supra-orbital and supra-trochlear veins.

65
Q

what does facial vein drain?

A

anterior maxilla, anterior mandible

NB-posterior mandible and maxilla are drained via pterygoid plexus.

66
Q

—– connect facial vein to pterygoid venous plexus at the level of —–. And it drains —-,—- and —-.

A

deep facial vein
z. major

buccinator, masseter and z. major.

67
Q

occipital vein drains into either —- or —- veins.

A

vertebral or posterior auricular veins

68
Q

T/F: venous sinuses lack valves.

A

true

69
Q

sss runs in dure beneath —–.

A

sagittal suture

70
Q

cavernous sinus is connected to dural sinuses and other plexuses e.g. pterygoid plexus, and opthalamic vein through —- veins.

A

emissary veins

71
Q

things that pass through cavernous sinus?

A

internal carotid with its symp plexus, oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, opthalamic, and maxillary divisions of trigeminal.

72
Q

what does pterygoid venous plexus drain?

A

pterygoid muscles and lower temporalis

73
Q

blood from pterygoid plexus drains into — vein then into —-.

A

maxillary vein

retromandibular vein

cranial and cervical (6 decks)

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