Vessel Development Flashcards
What do the paired dorsal aortae become caudally?
they fuse into one aorta
What does the right horn of the truncus arteriousis become?
Brachiocephalic artery
What does the left horn of the truncus arteriosus become?
Proximal Aortic arch
Is there a 5th branch of the aortic arch?
NO
What happens to the 1st aortic arch?
- mostly disappears
- small portion becomes maxillary artery
What happens to 2nd Aortic arch?
- Mostly disappears
- Small portions form Hyoid & stapedial arteries
Which arches are the most important?
3, 4, 6
What do the 3rd aortic arches become?
-common and proximal internal carotid arteries
Where does the distal internal carotid arise from?
dorsal aorta
Where do the external carotid arteries come from?
branch from internal carotid
What does the left 4th aortic arch form?
part of the arch of the aorta between carotid and subclavian arteries
What does the right 4th aortic arch form?
most proximal portion of right subclavian artery
What forms the right subclaian artery?
- Right fourth arch
- Short segment of right dorsal aorta
- Right 7th intersegmental artery
What forms the left subclavian artery?
left seventh intersegmental artery
What do the 6th aortic arches become?
Pulmonary trunk
Right: Proximal right pulmonary artery
Left: Ductus arteriosus/ligamentum arteriosum
What are the three lateral branches of the abdominal aorta?
- Supraneal
- Gonadal
- Renal
What is the contraction of the muscular walls that closes the ductus arteriousus mediated by?
Bradykinin
What are the 3 pairs of veins that the sinus venosus receives blood from in development? (4wks)
- Vitelline
- Umbilical
- Common Cardinal
Where do the vitelline veins carry blood from?
-from yolk sac to sinus venosus
where do the umbilical veins carry blood from?
-placenta to sinus venosus
Where do the cardinal veins carry blood from?
-from head and body of embryo to sinus venosus
From where does the vitelline vein arise?
-capillary plexus of yolk sac
What is the septum transversum?
-divides the embryonic coelomic cavity into thorax and abdominal cavities
What are hepatic sinusoids?
-An extensive vascular network that passes through the developing liver
What forms the hepatic sinusoids?
-the left & right vitelline veins
Which vitelline vein disappears?
-left
What is the right hepatocardiac channel?
-the channel that carries blood from where the left vitelline vein used to be to the right vitelline vein, enlarging it
What becomes the portal vein?
-A portion of the right vitelline vein
What are the major derivatives of the vitelline veins
- hepatic sinusoids
- portal vein/superior mesenteric vein
- terminal IVC
Which umbilical vein disappears?
-RIGHT
What does the ductus venosus connect?
-left umbilical vein & right hepatocardiac channel
What are the major derivatives of the umbilical vein?
-ligamentum teres
What area of the body do the anterior cardinal veins drain?
-head
What area of the body do the posterior cardinal veins drain?
-rest of body (besides head)
What becomes the internal jugular veins?
-distal portion of both anterior cardinal veins
What becomes the coronary sinus?
-left anterior cardinal vein
What becomes the brachiocephalic vein?
-Anastamosis between the anterior cardinal veins
What does the brachiocephalic vein connect?
-The left juggular vein to the right anterior cardinal vein
What happens if the left anterior cardinal vein doesn’t obliterate?
-you get a left SVC
What happens if the left anterior cardinal vein doesn’t obliterate AND there is no left brachiocephalic vein?
-Double SVC’s
What does the SVC derive from?
- Right common cardinal vein
- proximal right anterior cardinal vein
What replaces the posterior cardinal veins?
-Supracardinal & subcardinal veins
What does the supracardinal vein drain?
-Body wall
What does the subcardinal vein drain?
-kidney and gonads
What forms the IVC below the kidneys?
- Left supracardinal vein in abdomen obliterates
- Right supracardinal vein anastamoses with right subcardinal vein to form IVC
What does the left gonadal vein drain into?
-Left renal vein
What does the right gonadal vein drain into?
-IVC
What happens if the left supracardinal vein fails to involute below the renal collar?
-double IVC
What happens to the left supracardinal vein in the chest?
- it stays patent
- empties into SVC
What becomes the azygous vein?
-Right supracardinal vein above renal collar
What do the azygous veins do?
-form an alternate drainage of the body to the heart
What happens to the left subcardinal vein?
-it regresses
What happens to the right subcardinal vein?
-becomes IVC between liver & kidney
What happens if the right subcardinal vein fails to connect to the liver?
-Absent IVC between liver & kidney
What happens to the most caudal portion of the subcardinal veins?
-Becomes common iliac veins & most caudal portion of IVC
What does the lymphatic system develop from?
-Splanchnopleuric mesoderm
What forms the final aortic arch?
- Truncus
- Left 4th aortic arch
- left dorsal aorta
what are the vitelline arteries?
- initially paired arteries that supply the yolk sac
- fuse and form the arteries in dorsal mesentery of the gut
