Vesico-ureteric reflux

Question 1

What is VUR

Answer 1

Term for abnormal flow of urine from the bladder to the upper urinary tract

Question 2

How is VUR diagnosed

Answer 2

MCUG

Question 3

Classification of VUR

Answer 3

Grade 1 - into ureters only
Grade 2 - into pelvis no dilatation
Grade 3 - into pelvis causing mild dilatation
Grade 4 - into pelvis causing moderate dilatation
Grade 5 - Through to calyces

Question 4

Management of grades 1-3 VUR

Answer 4

Often resolve spontaneously

Question 5

Managment of grade 4-5, persistent or complicated VUR

Answer 5

Surgery may be required

Question 6

Complications of VUR

Answer 6

Recurrent UTIs, subsequent complications (Sepsis, fibrosis, abscesses), reflux nephropathy and CKD