Vertebrate Gas Exchange Flashcards

1
Q

respiratory surfaces require

A

thin walls
moist
rich blood supply
big surface area

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2
Q

gills arose as

A

small pouches - simple sacs

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3
Q

elasmobranchs

A

gill pouches seen before gills form

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4
Q

buccal pump

A

mouth floor moves down
draw in water
mouth close
water forced across opercular gills

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5
Q

shark force pump

A

combo of suction and pressure

force generated to open gill flaps and force water across gills

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6
Q

mudskipper

A

respiratory epethelia

hold air nect to highly vascularise thing epethelia

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7
Q

how do crucian carp avoid hypoxia

A

steep in ethanol to reduce metabolism

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8
Q

aspiration pump

A

stiff dermal armour - following contraction armour produces elastic recoil which expands lung

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9
Q

lumgfish respiration

A

gulp air forcing it into lungs and expanding collapsed lungs

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10
Q

amphibians use what to force air into lungs

A

pressure pump

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11
Q

unidirectional air flow in birds

A

mouth trachea syrinx primary bronchii posterior air sacs dorsobronchi parabronchi ventrobronchi anterior air sacs trachea mouth

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12
Q

alligator lungs

A

multi lobed

assumed to be tidal

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13
Q

mammalian lung

A

highly branched

covered in surfactant to reduce surface tension

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14
Q

which lung is inflated through diaphragm , intercostal muscles and exhalation through elastic recoil

A

mammalian

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15
Q

dual Action shark force pump

A

buccal and opercular cavities compressed whilst valves close
buccal cavities expand and draws in water whrlilst valves now open
water moves into buccal cavity and across gills
valve closes and forces water across gills through opercular valve

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16
Q

pulse pump

A

exhalation phase - air from lungs enter buccal cavity and is exhaled through mouth or under operculum
inhalation - fresh air drawn into mouth and into lungs