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Anatomy > Vertebral Osteology > Flashcards

Vertebral Osteology Flashcards

1
Q

the most common type of joint, capable of the greatest amount of movement; only type that contains a joint capsule filled with synovial fluid

A

synovial

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2
Q

type of joint consists of bones connected by fibrous connective tissue; movement at this joint type varies (usually limited)

A

fibrous

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3
Q

joints that consist of bones connected by cartilage (either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage)

A

cartilaginous

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4
Q

joint providing movement between the bones in the form of bending movements

A

cartilaginous

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5
Q

Where is synovial joint found in the body (3)

A

between arm and shoulder
between bones of finger
between ribs and thoracic vertebrae (know the two locations on vertebrae)

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6
Q

list features of synovial joints (4) and know where they are located

A

fibrous joint capsule
articular cavity
synovial membrane
articular cartilage

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7
Q

where is synovial fluid secreted from

A

synovial membrane

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8
Q

Where is fibrous joint found

A

cranial sutures

between two bones (interosseus membrane)

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9
Q

example of cartilaginous joints

A

intervertebral discs (fibrocartilage)

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10
Q

components of axial skeleton

A

skull
vertebrae
ribs + sternum

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11
Q

role of vertebrae

A

house and protect spinal cord
support body weight
provide attachment for muscles

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12
Q

total vertebrae =

cervical =
thoracic = 
lumbar = 
sacral = 
coccygeal =
A

total vertebrae = 33

cervical = 7
thoracic = 12 
lumbar = 5
sacral = 5 (fused)
coccygeal = ave 4
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13
Q

primary curvatures:

secondary curvatures:

A

primary: thoracic and sacral
secondary: cervical and lumbar

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14
Q

space where spinal nerve emerge from

A

intervertebral foramen

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15
Q

unique features of cervical vertebrae (C3-C7)

A
  • relatively small body and large vertebral foramen

- transverse foramen! (foramen in the process not from notch)

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16
Q

Vertebral artery passes through the ___ ___

A

transverse foramen (of cervical vertebrae)

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17
Q

thoracic vertebrae articulate with the ___

A

ribs

18
Q

each thoracic vertebra and rib join at 2 joints:

A

costovertebral joints

costotransverse joints

19
Q

type of joints between vertebra and rib

A

synovial

20
Q

three areas of the thoracic vertebra that articulates with ribs

A

(together with corresponding rib)
superior costal demifacet
transverse facet

(with rib below)
inferior costal demifacet

21
Q

2 facets that join one rib together and their joints

A

superior costal demifacet
costovertebral joint

transverse facet
costotransverse joint

22
Q

unique feature of thoracic vertebrae

A

articulation with ribs

synovial joints, 3 facets

23
Q

vertebrae associated with most wear and tear injuries

A

lumbar

24
Q

features of lumbar vertebrae

A

large vertebral bodies, relatively small vertebral foramen

25
Q

ligament that protects from hyperflexion and hyperextension

A

hyperflexion: anterior longitudinal ligament
hyperextension: posterior longitudinal ligament

26
Q

locate ligaments:

anterior longitudinal ligament
posterior “ “

ligamenta flava

interspinous ligaments
supraspinous ligament

A

along anterior of vertebral body
along posterior of vertebral body

along lamina (inner)

between spinous processes
posterior tips of spinous processes

27
Q

sacrum is a fusion of # sacral vertebrae, articulating with __ and __

A

5
L5
coccyx

28
Q

point of articulation on sacrum with L5

A

lumbosacral articular surface

29
Q

parts of spinal nerves pass through these openings on sacrum on both sides

A

anterior AND posterior sacral foramina

30
Q

Midline of anterior sacrum where collection of autonomic nerve fibers pass

A

sacral promontory

31
Q

posterior sacral foramina aka

A

dorsal rami of sacral spinal nerves

32
Q

sacrum has anterior/superior articulate facet

A

superior articulate facet (it articulates with L5 above)

33
Q

openings superior and inferior to the sacrum

A

sacral canal

sacral hiatus

34
Q

coccyx is a fusion of # coccygeal vertebrae

A

3-5, commonly 4 pairs

35
Q

unlike C3-C7, C1-C2 do not possess

A

vertebral bodies

36
Q

cranial vertebrae
C1 aka
C2 aka

A

C1: atlas
C2: axis

37
Q

unique features of atlas

A 
no body
no lamina (anterior arch)
no pedicle (posterior arch)
38
Q

unique features of axis

A

no body (dens)

has dens and spinous process unlike atlas

39
Q

joint at C1 articulating with occipital bone and C2; allows yes/no movement

A

atlanto-occipital joint; yes

40
Q

joint at C2 articulating with C1; allows yes/no movement

A

atlanto-axial joint; no

41
Q

There is no intervertebral disc between _ and _

A

C1 and C2

42
Q

joint connecting vertebral bones at cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae (2 components)

A

intervertebral discs;
nucleus pulposus
anulus fibrosus

Anatomy (4 decks)

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