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Anatomy > PNS Neurons > Flashcards

PNS Neurons Flashcards

1
Q

4 types of tissues that make up the body

A

muscle, epithelia, connective tissue, nervous tissue

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2
Q

What are components of the PNS

A

cranial nerves
spinal nerves
elements of ANS
(everything that is not the brain and CNS)

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3
Q

2 benefits of neurons

A

communicate over long distance

form networks that enable computations (complex processes)

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4
Q

Anatomy of neuron (3)

A

cell body (soma) where nucleus is
2 processes
-axon: send info away from cell body
-dendrite: receive info

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5
Q

one role of glial cells

A

provide electrical insulation (myelin sheath)

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6
Q

Brain -

inside: __ matter
outside: __ matter

A

white (axon)

grey

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7
Q

Color -
cell bodies:
axons:

A

cell bodies: grey matter

axons: white matter

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8
Q

Spinal cord -

inside: __ matter
outside: __ matter

A

grey

white (axon)

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9
Q

___ cover the CNS and consists of 3 layers (outer to inner):

A

meninges;

dura, arachnoid, pia mater

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10
Q

Arachinoid trabeculae connect layers __ and __ inside the ___ space, filled with ___.

A

arachnoid, pia;
subarachnoid space;
cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)

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11
Q

Benefits of CSF (3)

A
  • reduce weight of brain
  • shock absorber
  • distribute hormones, nutrients; removes waste from CNS
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12
Q

CSF is produced in ___ and drained into the ___ system

A

choroid plexus, venous

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13
Q

The structure through which CSF is drained into the venous system

A

arachnoid villi (arachnoid granulations)

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14
Q

arachnoid villi (arachnoid granulations) are extensions of the __ __ __

A

dural venous sinuses

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15
Q

dural venous sinuses (formed by __ mater) carry ___ blood away from CNS

A

dura, deoxygenated

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16
Q

order of layers from outside to inside: __ mater, arachnoid mater, CSF, __ mater

A

dura, pia

17
Q

somatic neurons innervate __ __

visceral neurons innervate __

A

body wall (skeletal muscle, skin)

viscera (organs, involuntary muscles, blood vessels)

18
Q

somatosensory aka __

direction of signal

A

somatic afferent

body wall –> CNS
arrive at CNS

19
Q

somatomotor aka __

direction of signal

A

somatic efferent

CNS –> body wall
outward, exit CNS

20
Q 
motor = \_\_
sensory = \_\_
A

efferent

afferent

21
Q

SE neurons are located in __ horn of spinal cord

A

ventral

22
Q

SA: __ horn

A

dorsal

23
Q

DRG carries ___ neuron cell bodies

A

SA

24
Q

visceral motor neurons (__) are part of the __ nervous system

A

VE neurons, autonomic

25
Q

Direction of VA neurons (__)

A

visceral sensory neurons; organs –> CNS

26
Q

VA neurons moving towards/away from CNS carry the following information:

A

towards; stomach distension, pain, BP, pH, [glc], etc.

27
Q

spinal nerves are combination of __ and __ nerve fibers

A

sensory, motor

28
Q

__ branch out from roots and carry mix of both SA and SE neurons

A

rami

29
Q

There are __ pairs of spinal nerves

numbers for cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

A

31

8,12,5,5,1

30
Q

There are __ cervical spinal nerves and __ cervical vertebrae

A

8, 7

31
Q

Define dermatome

A

cutaneous sensory innervation that corresponds to the organization of the spinal nerves

32
Q 
How many spinal nerves are present in each section:
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccygeal
A 
Cervical - 8 (7 vertebrae)
Thoracic - 12
Lumbar - 5
Sacral - 5
Coccygeal - 1 (between coccygeal pair)
33
Q

The “end” of the spinal cord is __ __, terminating at level __-__.

A

conus medullaris; L1-L2

34
Q

Nerves that need to reach target below L2 are collectively known as __ __

A

cauda equina (horse’s tail)

35
Q

What helps anchor the spinal cord in place within the vertebral canal? What is it made of?

A

filum terminale; pia mater

36
Q

compression of SE causes:
compression of SA causes:
(due to decreased conduction)

A

SE: muscle weakness, flaccid paralysis

SA: numbness, tingling, pain

Anatomy (4 decks)

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