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My Gross Notes > Vertebral Column > Flashcards

Vertebral Column Flashcards

0
Q

Vertebral column consist of

A 
33 vertebral columns 
7 cervical
12 thoracic 
5 lumbar 
5 sacral
4 coccygeal
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1
Q

Vertebral column extends from and belongs to what

A

Cranium to coccyx

Axial skeleton

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2
Q

Vertebrae reach maximum size immediately superior to sacrum bc

A

Transfer weight to pelvic girdle

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3
Q

What does the facet or zygopophyseal joints do

A

At the articular facets and control the vertebral column’s flexibility

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4
Q

Where is there kyphoses

A

Thoracic

Sacral

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5
Q

Where is there lordosis

A

Cervical and lumbar

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6
Q

What are the primary curvatures

A

Thoracic and sacral

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7
Q

Secondary curvatures are

A

Are cervical and lumbar

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8
Q

A typical vertebrae consist of

A

Vertebral body, arch and seven processes

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9
Q

Superior and inferior bodies of vertebrae are covered by

A

Hyaline cartilage

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10
Q

What is Laminae

A

Flat plates of vertebrae arch

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11
Q

Vertebral foramen holds what

A

Vertebral canal which contains spinal cord, menginges, fat, spinal nerve roots and vessels

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12
Q

What forms the invertebral foramen

A

Vertebral notches

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13
Q

What is in the IV foramen

A

Spinal nerve roots, vessels and spinal ganglia

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14
Q

Where do muscles attach in the vertebra

A

Spinous process

Transverse process

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15
Q

What limits movement in vertebra

A

Four articular processes which prevent the vertebra from slipping

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16
Q

Typical cervical vertebrae characterics

A 
Body: small and wider 
Foramen: large triangle
Transverse process: small missing at c7
Articular process 45 degrees
Spinous process: c3-c5 bifid and c7 prominens
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17
Q

Characteristics of atlas C1

A

No spinous process; consist of two lateral masses

Anterior and posterior tubercles of arch

18
Q

Characteristics of axial C2

A

Den

19
Q

Thoracic vertebrae characteristics

A

Body heart shape
Foramen circle smallest
Transverse process: long and strong t1-t10 costal facets
articular process: about 90 degrees
Spinous process: long and overlap adjacent vertebral body

20
Q

Lumbar characteristics

A 
Body: large kidney shape
Foramen: medium triangle 
Transverse process: long and slender
Articular facets: medial 90
Spinous process: short and stubby
21
Q

Unconvertible joints are formed by

A

Located between the uncut of the bodies of C3-C6

22
Q

The luschka joints also called ucinate joints are what type of joints

A

Synovial and are consider the degenerative joint

23
Q

Where is there frequents spur formation

A

At the luschka joints

24
Q

Anterior longitudinal ligaments characteristics

A

Strong and broad
Covers and connects the anterolateral aspects of the vertebral bodies
Extends from pelvic to the anterior tubercle of c1

25
Q

What does the anterior longitudinal ligament limit

A

Hyper extension

26
Q

Posterior longitudinal ligament characteristics

A

Narrower

From vertebral bodies of c2 to sacrum

27
Q

What prevents hyperfexion

A

Posterior longitudinal ligament
Ligamenta flava
Intraspinous ligament
Supra spinous ligament

28
Q

What is formed by the superior and inferior articular processes

A

Facet (zygopophyseal) joint

29
Q

What movement do the facet joints allow

A

Permit gliding between the articular processes

30
Q

What does the Ligamenta flava resist

A

Resist separation of the vertebral laminae by arresting abrupt flexion of the vertebral column and thereby preventing injury to the IV disc

31
Q

What’s the difference between inter spinous and supraspinous

A

The interspinous is weak and the supraspinous is strong fibrous
Supraspinous ligament also merges with the nuchal ligament

32
Q

What type of joints are the craniovertebral

A

Synovial

33
Q

What does the Atlanto-occipital joints permit

A

Nodding of the head

34
Q

The cranium is also connected to the atlas by

A

Anterior and posterior Atlanto - occipital membrane which helps prevent excessive movement go the joint

35
Q

How many articulation are between the Atlanto-axial

A

3
2 Lateral Atlanto-axial joints between lateral mass of c1 and superior facet of c2
1 median Atlanto-axial joint between the den of c2 and the anterior arch of c1

36
Q

What type of joints are lateral and median Atlanto-occipital joints

A

Lateral- synovial plane type

Median- pivot

37
Q

What movement occurs in the Atlanto-axial joint

A

Turn head from side to side

38
Q

What is the crucible ligament composed of

A

Transverse ligament of atlas ( keeps den in socket)

Longitudinal band - from transverse to occipital and from transverse to C2 body

39
Q

Alar ligament do what

A

Attach den to foramen

40
Q

What are the vertebral supplied by

A

Periostal and Equatorial branches of the major cervical and segment arteries and their spinal branches

41
Q

Scoliosis is caused by

A

Asymmetric weakness of the intrinsic muscles (myopathic scoliosis)
Failure of half the vertebrae (hemivertebra)
Difference in the length of lower limbs

42
Q

What occurs with the nucleus pulposi as you age

A

Dehydrates
Lose elastin and proteoglycan
And gains collagen

My Gross Notes (12 decks)

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