Spinal Cord And Peripheral Nervous System Flashcards
What is efferent
Moter division that transmits info from CNS to the rest of the body
Components of CNS and PNS
CNS- brain and spinal cord
PNS- spinal nerve 31 and cranial 12
What is afferent
Sensory division
Transmits info from periphery to brain
Difference between somatic and visceral sensory
Somatic receives info from skin skeletal muscles and special senses
Visceral receives info from visceral
Difference between somatic and autonomic motor
Somatic is voluntary ( skeletal)
Autonomic is involuntary ( cardiac and smooth muscles, glands)
Cell type in nervousness system
Neuroglia
Schwann cells
Neurons
Neuroglia ( glial cells) do what
Cells support, insulates and nourishes the neurons
Non-excitable cells
Schwann cells are in PNS and oligondendrocytes in CNS produce
Myelin protein for myelinated axons
Encase 10 unmyelinated axons
Neurons purpose
Structural and functional unit of the nervous system and rapid communication
Components of neuron
Cell body (soma and perikarya)
Dendrites ( carry impulse to the neurons cell body)
Axons ( carry neurons away from neurons cell body)
Axons can be myelinated or unmyelinated
What is myelin
Layers do lipid protein
Form sheaths around axon
Increase velocity of the impulse
In synapse what neurotransmitters
Acetylcholine
Norepinephrine
Dopamine
GABA
PNS has ganglion which is
Collection of nerve cell bodies outside of CNS
Where does the spine end
L1-L2
Primary function of spinal cord
Transmit signals to and from the brain to peripheral structures
Why does the cervical have large amount of white matter
Bc everything must go through the cervical
Why does the lumbar have large amounts of gray matter
Bc of lower limbs
There are how many meninges
Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater
What is the purpose do filum terminale
Anchors sac
Arachnoid mater characteristics
Middle layer
Delicate and avascular
Encloses cerebrospinal fluid filled subarachnoid space between IPA and arachnoid
CSF characteristics
Cushion for cord
Low in protein and cellular content
Pia mater characteristics
Innermost layer
Directly covers spinal nerve roots and blood vessels
Continues as filum terminale
Denticulate ligament role
Separate anterior and dorsal nerve root
How many spinal nerves
31 pairs 8-cervical above vertebrae 12-thoracic below vertebrae 5-lumbar 5-sacral 1-coccygeal
Where do dorsal and ventral roots run
SubArachnoid space
Three connective tissue in peripheral nerves
Epineurium-enclosed bundle of fascicles
Perineurium- encloses a fascicles
Endoneurium- surrounds neurolemma cells
Brachial plexus characteristics
Formed by 4 cervical and 1st thoracic nerve
Innervates the upper extremities
Lumbosacral plexus characteristics
Formed by the lumbar and sacral nerve
L1-s5
Innervates lower limbs
What is formed at L1-L2
Conus medullaris which then lead to cauda equina
What is your lumbar cistern
Enlargement of subarachnoid to accommodate cauda equina
