Vertebrae and back muscles

Question 1

What are the 5 sections of the spine vertebrae?

Answer 1

7 Cervical vertebrae
12 Thoracic vertebrae
5 lumbar vertebrae
1 sacrum
1 coccyx

Question 2

How many sections are in the sacrum before it fuses into one bone?

Answer 2

5

Question 3

What is scoliosis featured by?

Answer 3

Lateral bending of the vertebral column

Question 4

What is kyphosis featured by?

Answer 4

exaggerated bending of the thoracic curve, commonly due to old age.

Question 5

What is Lordosis featured by?

Answer 5

An exaggerated bening of the lumbar vertebrae, due to prenancy, poor posture, softening of the intervertebral disks.

Question 6

What is the special name for C1 and C2?

Answer 6

C1: Atlas
C2: Axis

Question 7

From the superior view, what is the medial process called in a vertebrae?

Answer 7

Spinous process

Question 8

When 2 vertebrae stacks on top of each other, and the superior and inferior articular process sits together, what is that joint called?

Answer 8

Facet joint, or zygopophaseal joint.

Question 9

How is the intervertebral foramen formed?

Answer 9

when 2 vertebrae stacks on top of eachother, and it can only be seen laterally.

Question 10

What is the vertebral foramen called when all the vertebral bodies stacks together?

Answer 10

Vetebral canal.

Question 11

What are the 2 primary curves in the vertebral column and why?

Answer 11

Thoracic and sacral curves, this is primary because it is retained from the embryonic curvature.

Question 12

What are the 2 secondary curves and why?

Answer 12

cervical and lumbar, these curves develop as the child start to bear weight in the upright position.

Question 13

What are the 4 specific physical features of the cervical vertebra?

Answer 13

1. Bifid spinous process
2. presense of transverse foramen.
3. Triangular and wide vertebral canal.
4. Small oval body.

Question 14

What are the 5 specific physical features of the thoracic vertebra?

Answer 14

1. Inferiorly projecting spinous process
2. large transverse process.
3. small and round vertebral canal.
4. triangular body.
5. articular facet for ribs.

Question 15

What are the 4 specific physical features of the lumbar vertebra?

Answer 15

1. Small and stumpy
2. Small transverse process
3. small, triangular vertebral canal.
4. large and round body.

Question 16

What are the 5 atypical lumbar vertebras?

Answer 16

T1, T9, T10, T11, T12, All have complete superior process facets for rib attachments.

Question 17

What are the 3 atypical cervical vertebras?

Answer 17

C1, C2, C7. Missing bifid spinous process, C1 and 2 missing transverse foramen.

Question 18

How many sacral foramina are there?

Answer 18

8

Question 19

Where does the auricular surfaces of the sacrum attach to?

Answer 19

fibrous zone of the sacroliac joint.

Question 20

Name the extrinsic superficial back muscles

Answer 20

Trapezius, rhomboids, latissimus dorsi

Question 21

Name the extrinsic intermediate back muscles

Answer 21

Serratus posteior superior/ inferior.

Question 22

Name the Intrinsic deep muscles

Answer 22

Superficial: Splenius capitus. and cervicis
Intermediate: erector spinae
Deep: Transversospinales.

Question 23

Where is serratus posterior superior and inferior?

Answer 23

Underneath trapezius (bottom), and romboid major and minor (top)

Question 24

Name intrinsic intermediate muscles

Answer 24

Erector spinae: Spinalis (closest to spine)
Longissimus (middle)
Iliocostalis (outermost)

Question 25

Name intrinsic deep muscles

Answer 25

Transversospinalis:
Multifidus, inserts inferior laterally, skips a vertebral column (covers 3)
semispinalis capitus, cervicis, thoracis
rotatores