Verrucous Lesions and Neospasms Flashcards
What is seborrheic keratosis?
- most common verrucous lesion
- benign
How does seborrheic keratosis develop?
- epidermal proliferation
Who does seborrheic keratosis affect?
- 50+ y/o with + family hx
What are the clinical features of seborrheic keratosis?
- well defined
- raised, ‘stuck on’ appearance
- color varries
What are the symptoms of seborrheic keratosis?
- asymptomatic
- pruritis or tender if irritated
What is the treatment for seborrheic keratosis?
- none necessary
- cryotherapy
- surgical
- topical antipruritic
When would you biopsy seborrheic keratosis?
- when it is not clear cut
What causes actinic keratosis?
- sun exposure
What are the clinical features of actinic keratosis?
- horn-like
- scaly
- flaky
- rough like sandpaper
- red
- pink
- sensitive
How do you find the lesion of actinic keratosis?
- palpate
What does actinic keratosis develop into?
- squamous cell skin cancer
What is the treatment for actinic keratosis?
- cryotherapy
- topical chemotherapy
- photodynamic therapy
How is actinic keratosis prevented?
- sun safety
What is the most common form of skin cancer?
- basal cell
What causes basal cell skin cancer?
- increased sun exposure
Where does basal cell skin cancer most commonly present?
- sun exposed skin
What are the warning signs of basal cell skin cancer?
- sore that does not heal in 1-2mo
- pearly, papules
- scar-like
- red, scaly crusted patch
- may bleed
What are the treatment options for basal cell skin cancer?
- cryotherapy
- topical chemotherapy
- ED&C
- surgical excision
- MOHS surgery
What is the second most common skin cancer?
- squamous cell skin cancer
What is a complication of untreated squamous cell skin cancer?
- metastasis
What causes squamous cell skin cancer?
- sun exposure
What patient population are at a higher risk to develop squamous cell skin cancer?
- immune suppresed
What are the warning signs of squamous cell skin cancer?
- *thick, rough, wart-like
- wart like sore
- may bleed
- *irregular rough red patch that persists
What is the difference in the appearance of basal v. squamous cell skin cancer?
- squamous is larger and crustier
What is the most serious skin cancer?
- malignant melanoma
What are the ABCD’s of melanoma?
- Asymmetry
- Borders
- Color
- Diameter change
- Evolving
- Failure to respond to tx
What are the 4 types of melanomas?
- superficial spreading
- lentigo maligna
- acral lentiginous
- nodular
Which of the 4 types of melanomas is not like the others and why?
- nodular
- starts invasive, not in situ
- most aggressive
What is the prognosis for malignant melanoma?
- depends on depth and stage
How is malignant melanoma treated?
- surgical excision
How large must the exision margin be for malignant melanoma?
- up to 2cm
What is kaposi sarcoma?
- neoplasm that manifests with multiple vascular nodules
Where does kaposi sarcoma affect?
- skin
- mucous membranes
- internal organs
Describe the evolution of kaposi sarcoma
- initially discrete red/purple patches
- become elevated
- evolve into nodules and plaques
What must be present in kaposi sarcoma?
- human herpes virus type 8 (HHV-8)
What diagnosis is associated with AIDS
- kaposi sarcoma
How is kaposi scarcoma diagnosed?
- CBC and CMP
- HIV testing
- CT scan/ chest XR
- skin and lymph node biopsy
What is the treatment for kaposi sarcoma?
- radiation/chemotherapy
- excision of solitary lesion
What are complications of kaposi sarcoma?
- secondary malignancy and infection
