Hair and Nails Flashcards
1
Q
What is onychomycosis?
A
- fungal infection of the nail
2
Q
What are the clinical features of onychomycosis?
A
- asymptomatic at first
- pain and numbness with progression
- functional interference
- subungual hyperkeratosis
- onycholysis
3
Q
subungual hyperkeratosis
A
- nail thickening
4
Q
How is onychomycosis diagnosed?
A
- scrapping of crumbling, flaky nail for KOH
- nail clipping for PAS stain
5
Q
What is a ddx for onychomycosis?
A
- nail psoriasis
6
Q
What is the treatment for onychomycosis?
A
- combo tx of topical and oral antifungal
7
Q
What is alopecia areata?
A
- recurrent, non-scarring hair loss
8
Q
What does alopecia areata look like?
A
- well defined circles
- discrete patches
9
Q
What causes alopecia areata?
A
- unknown
- ? autoimmune
10
Q
How does alopecia areata present?
A
- usually asymptomatic
- mild pruritis or burning (uncommon)
- discrete patches of hair loss with smooth, noninflammed underlying skin
11
Q
What is a classic finding of alopecia areata?
A
- exclamation hairs
12
Q
How is alopecia areata diagnosed?
A
- pull test
- clinically
13
Q
What is the treatment for alopecia areata?
A
- topical or intralesional steroids
- SADE
14
Q
What is associated with alopecia areata?
A
- systemic dz (i.e. SLE, secondary syphilis, hyper & hypothyroidism, Fe deficiency, anemia)
