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German GCSE Grammar > verbs > Flashcards

verbs Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a weak verb?

A

A weak verb is a verb that forms the past tense by adding a « t » to the stem.

kaufen (to buy) … er kaufte (he bought)

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2
Q

What is a strong verb?

A

A strong verb is a verb that forms the past tense with a vowel change in the stem.

rennen (to run) … er rannte (he ran)

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3
Q

What is a mixed verb?

A

A mixed verb is a verb that forms the past tense with a vowel change In the stem and the addition of a « t » to the stem.

e.g. denken (to think) … er dachte (he thought)

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4
Q

What is an auxiliary verb?

A

Auxiliary verbs are used to form compound tenses.

Haben (to have) .. ich habe gekauft (I have bought)

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5
Q

What is the present tense used for?

A

The present tense is used to describe something that is happening now?

ich esse einen Apfel

(I am eating an apple)

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6
Q

What is the imperfect tense used for?

A

The imperfect tense is used to describe something that used to happen?

ich aß einen Apfel

(I ate an apple)

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7
Q

What is the perfect tense used for ?

A

The perfect tense is used to describe something that happened in the past?

ich habe einen Apfel gegessen

(I have eaten an apple)

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8
Q

What is the pluperfect tense used for?

A

The pluperfect tense is used to describe something that had happened in the past?

ich hatte einen Apfel gegessen

(I had eaten an apple)

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9
Q

What is the indicative mood?

A

The indicative mood makes a statement or asks a question.

Wer hat den Apfel gegessen?

(Who has eaten the apple)

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10
Q

What is the conditional mood?

A

The conditional mood is used to express a proposition whose validity is dependent on some condition or other.

Ich würde einen Apfel essen, wenn ich einen hätte.

(I would eat an apple, if I had one)

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11
Q

What is the imperative mood?

A

The imperative mood is used to give commands.

Essen Sie diesen Apfel

(Eat this apple)

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12
Q

What is the active voice?

A

With the active voice, the subject performs the action.

Der Junge aß einen Apfel

(The boy ate an apple)

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13
Q

What is the passive voice?

A

With the passive voice, the action is performed on the subject.

Der Apfel wurde von einem Jungen gegessen

(The apple was eaten by a boy)

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14
Q

What is an impersonal verb?

A

Impersonal verbs only have an es form.

Es regnet

(It is raining)

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15
Q

What is the future tense?

A

The future tense is used to describe something that will happen.

ich werde den Apfel gegessen

(I will eat the apple)

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16
Q

What is a modal verb?

A

Modal verbs indicate modality. The desire, ability, permission or obligation of an action.

ich will den Apfel essen

(I want to eat the apple)

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17
Q

How is the present tense of weak verbs formed?

A

The present tense of a weak verb is formed from

the stem (infinitive – en) + endings (e, st, t, en, t, en).

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18
Q

Form the present tense for weak verb kaufen (to buy)

A

ich kaufe

du kaufst

er kauft

wir kaufen

ihr kauft

sie kaufen

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19
Q

How is the present tense formed for weak verbs ending in -ten?

A

An “e” is added between the stem and the “t” to aid pronunciation?

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20
Q

Form the present tense for weak verb arbeiten (to work)

A

ich arbeite

du arbeitest

er arbeitet

wir arbeiten

ihr arbeitet

sie arbeiten

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21
Q

How is the present tense formed for strong verbs?

A

The present tense of a strong verb is formed from the stem (infinitive – en) with a vowel change for the 2nd and 3rd person singular + ending (e, st, t, en, t, en).

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22
Q

Form the present tense for strong verb laufen.

A

ich laufe

du läufst

er läuft

wir laufen

ihr lauft

sie laufen

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23
Q

Form the present tense for strong verb essen.

A

ich esse

du isst

er isst

wir essen

ihr esst

sie essen

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24
Q

Form the present tense for strong verb lesen.

A

ich lese

du liest

er liest

wir lesen

ihr lest

sie lesen

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25
Q

Form the present tense for mixed verb denken.

A

ich denke

du denkst

er denkt

wir denken

ihr denkt

sie denken

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26
Q

Form the present tense for auxiliary verb haben.

A

ich habe

du hast

er hat

wir haben

ihr habt

sie haben

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27
Q

Form the present tense for auxiliary verb sein.

A

ich bin

du bist

er ist

wir sind

ihr seid

sie sind

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28
Q

Form the present tense for auxiliary verb werden?

A

ich werde

du wirst

er wird

wir werden

ihr werdet

sie werden

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29
Q

Form the present tense for modal verb müssen?

A

ich muss

du musst

er muss

wir müssen

ihr müsst

sie müssen

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30
Q

Form the present tense for modal verb mögen?

A

ich mag

du magst

er mag

wir mögen

ihr mögt

sie mögen

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31
Q

Form the present tense for modal verb wollen?

A

ich woll

du wollst

er woll

wir wollen

ihr wollt

sie wollen

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32
Q

Form the present tense for modal verb können?

A

ich kann

du kannst

er kann

wir können

ihr könnt

sie können

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33
Q

Form the present tense for modal verb dürfen?

A

ich darf

du darfst

er darf

wir dürfen

ihr dürft

sie dürfen

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34
Q

Form the present tense for modal verb sollen?

A

ich soll

du sollst

er soll

wir sollen

ihr sollt

sie sollen

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35
Q

What is a separable verb?

A

A separable verb has two parts : prefix and main verb.

Prefix goes to the end of the sentence.

Ich komme rechtzeitig an

(I arrive on time)

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36
Q

Form the present tense for separable verb ankaufen?

A

ich kaufe an

du kaufst an

er kauft an

wir kaufen an

ihr kauft an

sie kaufen an

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37
Q

What is a inseparable verb?

A

A separable verb has two parts : prefix and main verb that do not separate.

bekommen

(to receive)

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38
Q

Form the present tense for inseparable verb benutzen?

A

ich benutze

du benutzt

er benutzt

wir benutzen

ihr benutzt

sie benutzen

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39
Q

How is the imperfect tense of weak verbs formed?

A

The imperfect tense of a weak verb is formed from

the stem (infinitive – en)

+ t ending (e, est, e, en, t, en).

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40
Q

Form the imperfect tense for weak verb kaufen

A

ich kaufte

du kauftest

er kaufte

wir kauften

ihr kauftet

sie kauften

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41
Q

How is the imperfect tense formed for weak verbs ending in -ten?

A

An “e” is added between the stem and the “t” to aid pronunciation.

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42
Q

Form the imperfect tense for weak verb arbeiten (to work)

A

ich arbeitete

du arbeitetest

er arbeitete

wir arbeiteten

ihr arbeitetet

sie arbeiteten

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43
Q

How is the imperfect tense formed for strong verbs?

A

The imperfect tense of a strong verb is formed

from the stem (infinitive – en) with a vowel change +

ending (-, st, -, en, t, en)

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44
Q

Form the imperfect tense for strong verb laufen.

A

ich lief

du liefst

er lieft

wir liefen

ihr lieft

sie liefen

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45
Q

Form the imperfect tense for strong verb essen.

A

ich aß

du aßest

er aß

wir aßen

ihr aßt

sie aßen

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46
Q

Form the imperfect tense for strong verb lesen.

A

ich las

du lasest

er las

wir lasen

ihr last

sie lasen

47
Q

How is the imperfect tense formed for mixed verbs?

A

The imperfect tense of a mixed verb is formed

from the stem (infinitive – en) with a vowel change +

ending (e, est, e, en, t, en).

48
Q

Form the imperfect tense for mixed verb denken?

A

ich dachte

du dachtest

er dachte

wir dachten

ihr dachtet

sie dachten

49
Q

Form the imperfect tense for auxiliary verb haben?

A

ich hatte

du hattest

er hatte

wir hatten

ihr hattet

sie hatten

50
Q

Form the imperfect tense for auxiliary verb sein?

A

ich war

du warst

er war

wir waren

ihr wart

sie waren

51
Q

Form the imperfect tense for auxiliary verb werden?

A

ich wurde

du wurdest

er wurde

wir wurden

ihr wurdet

sie wurden

52
Q

Form the imperfect tense for modal verb müssen?

A

ich musste

du musstest

er musste

wir mussten

ihr musstet

sie mussten

53
Q

Form the imperfect tense for modal verb mögen?

A

ich mochte

du mochtest

er mochte

wir mochten

ihr mochtet

sie mochten

54
Q

Form the imperfect tense for modal verb wollen?

A

ich wollte

du wolltest

er wollte

wir wollten

ihr wolltet

sie wollten

55
Q

Form the imperfect tense for modal verb können?

A

ich konnte

du konntest

er konnte

wir konnten

ihr kontet

sie konnten

56
Q

Form the imperfect tense for modal verb dürfen?

A

ich durfte

du durftest

er durfte

wir durften

ihr durftet

sie durften

57
Q

Form the imperfect tense for modal verb sollen?

A

ich sollte

du solltest

er sollte

wir sollten

ihr solltet

sie sollten

58
Q

Form the imperfect tense for inseparable verb ankaufen?

A

ich kaufte an

du kauftest an

er kaufte an

wir kauften an

ihr kauftet an

sie kauften an

59
Q

Form the imperfect tense for inseparable verb benutzen?

A

ich benutzte

du benutztest

er benutzte

wir benutzten

ihr benutztet

sie benutzten

60
Q

How is the perfect tense formed?

A

Haben or sein in the present tense + past participle

61
Q

How is the past participle formed for weak verbs?

A

ge + stem + t

62
Q

What is the past participle for weak verb kaufen (to buy)?

A

gekauft

63
Q

Form the perfect tense for weak verb kaufen (to buy)?

A

ich habe gekauft

du hast gekauft

er hat gekauft

wir haben gekauft

ihr habt gekauft

sie haben gekauft

64
Q

How is the past participle usually formed for strong verbs?

A

The past participle for strong verbs is usually formed by ge + stem with a vowel change + en

65
Q

What is the past participle for strong verb laufen (to run)?

A

gelaufen

66
Q

What is the past participle for strong verb essen (to eat)?

A

gegessen

67
Q

What is the past participle for strong verb lesen (to read)?

A

gelesen

68
Q

What is the past participle for strong verb finden (to find)?

A

gefunden

69
Q

What is the past participle for strong verb trinken (to drink)?

A

getrunken

70
Q

How is the past participle usually formed for mixed verbs?

A

The past participle for mixed verbs is usually formed

ge + stem (infinitive - en) with a vowel change + t

71
Q

What is the past participle for mixed verb denken (to think)?

A

gedacht

72
Q

What is the past participle for auxiliary verb haben (to have)?

A

gehabt

73
Q

What is the past participle for auxiliary verb sein (to be)?

A

gewesen

74
Q

What is the past participle for auxiliary verb werden (to become)?

A

geworden

75
Q

What is the past participle for modal verb müssen (to have to)?

A

gemusst

76
Q

What is the past participle for modal verb mögen (to like to)?

A

gemocht

77
Q

What is the past participle for modal verb wollen (to want to)?

A

gewollt

78
Q

What is the past participle for modal verb können (to be able to)?

A

gekonnt

79
Q

What is the past participle for modal verb dürfen (to be able to)?

A

gedurft

80
Q

What is the past participle for modal verb sollen (to ought to)?

A

gesollt

81
Q

What is the past participle for separable verb ankaufen (to buy)?

A

angekauft

prefix comes first

82
Q

What is the past participle for separable verb benutzen (to use)?

A

benutzt

No ge.

83
Q

Which verbs use haben to form the perfect tense?

A

most verbs

84
Q

Which verbs use sein to form the perfect tense?

A

Verbs of movement and change of state use sein as auxiliary verb.

sein …. ich bin gewesen

werden …. ich bin geworden

fahren … ich bin gefuhren

85
Q

Form the perfect tense for the strong verb of movement fahren (to drive)

A

ich bin gefahren

du bist gefahren

er ist gefahren

wir sind gefahren

ihr seid gefahren

sie sind gefahren

86
Q

How is the pluperfect tense formed?

A

Haben or sein in the imperfect tense + past participle.

ich hatte einen Apfel gegessen

(I had eaten an apple)

87
Q

Form the pluperfect tense for weak verb kaufen (to buy)

A

ich hatte gekauft

du hattest gekauft

er hatte gekauft

wir hatten gekauft

ihr hattet gekauft

sie hatten gekauft

88
Q

How is the future tense formed?

A

werden in the present tense + infinitive.

ich werde einen Apfel essen

(I will eat an apple)

89
Q

Form the future tense for weak verb kaufen (to buy)

A

ich werde gekauft

du wirst gekauft

er wird gekauft

wir werden gekauft

ihr werdet gekauft

sie werden gekauft

90
Q

How is the passive voice formed?

A

werden in the appropriate tense + past participle

das Haus wird gereinigt

(the house is being cleaned)

das Haus hat gereinigt worden

(the house has been cleaned)

91
Q

form the passive voice, present tense for weak verb kaufen (to buy)

A

ich werde gekauft

du wirst gekauft

er wird gekauft

wir werden gekauft

ihr werdet gekauft

sie werden gekauft

92
Q

How is the conditional mood formed?

A

The conditional mood is generally formed by using a modal verbs in the conditional tense with the appropriate infinitive.

93
Q

I would like to …

A

ich möchte …

94
Q

I would …

A

ich würde…

95
Q

I should …

A

ich söllte …

96
Q

I could …

A

ich könnte

97
Q

I would have …

A

ich hätte …

98
Q

I would be ..

A

ich wäre …

99
Q

What word is used to negate a verb. I.E. not

A

nicht

100
Q

What word is used to say that someone likes doing something?

A

gern

ich gehe gern ins Kino

(I like going to the cinema)

101
Q

What phrase means “in order to”?

A

um …. zu

Ich lief, um den Bus zu fangen

(I ran to catch the bus)

102
Q

What phrase means “without doing”?

A

ohne …zu

Ich habe den Bus gefangen, ohne zu laufen

(I caught the bus without having to run)

103
Q

What phrase means “instead of”?

A

anstatt … zu

Ich spielte Tennis, anstatt Golf zu spielen

(I played tennis instead of playing golf)

104
Q

How are infinitives used with modal verbs?

A

The modal verb normally stands as the second idea in the clause and the infinitive goes to the end of the clause

ich kann mein Fahrrad fahren

(I can ride my bike)

105
Q

How are infinitives used with other finite verbs for example beginnen?

A

The finite verb normally stands as the second idea in the clause and the infinitive goes to the end of the clause with the word zu (to) in front of.

Der Mann beginnt zu laufen

(the man starts to run)

106
Q

How is the imperative mood formed for the du form?

A

The imperative mood for du is formed f by taking the present tense and removing the st.

du gehst … geh!

(you go … go!)

107
Q

What is the imperative du form of machen (to make)?

A

mach!

108
Q

How is the imperative mood formed for the ihr form.

A

The imperative mood is the same as the present tense ihr form.

ihr gehst … gehst!

(you go … go)

109
Q

What is the imperative ihr form of machen (to make)?

A

macht!

110
Q

How is the imperative mood formed for the Sie form?

A

The imperative mood is the same as the present tense Sie form, plus SIE!

Sie gehen … Gehen Sie!

(You go … go!)

111
Q

What is the imperative Sie form of machen (to make)?

A

Machen Sie!

112
Q

What is the imperative du form of sein(to be)?

A

sei !

113
Q

What is the imperative ihr form of sein(to be)?

A

sei !

114
Q

What is the imperative Sie form of sein(to be)

A

Seien Sie !

German GCSE Grammar (11 decks)

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