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French AS Level Grammar > verbs > Flashcards

verbs Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an impersonal verb ?

A

These are verbs that only exist in the ‘il’ form.

Il neige (It is snowing)

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2
Q

It is raining.

A

Il pleut.

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3
Q

It is necessary.

A

Il faut.

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4
Q

What happens when a verb is immediately followed by a 2nd verb ?

A

The 2nd verb is in the infinitive.

J’aimerais aller au théâtre

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5
Q

Verbs that are used in this way, fall into 3 categories, what are they ?

A
  • Those which are followed directly by the infinitive.
  • Those which are joined by an ‘à’.
  • Those which are joined by ‘de’
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6
Q

aider (to help)

A

joined by an ‘à’

tu m’aide à peindre ma chambre

(you help me to paint my room)

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7
Q

aimer (to like)

A

followed directly by the infinitive

j’aime jouer au foot

(I like to play football)

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8
Q

aller (to go)

A

followed directly by the infinitive

je vais nager

(I go swimming)

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9
Q

apprendre (to learn)

A

joined by an ‘à’

tu apprends à nager

(you learn to swim)

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10
Q

arrêter (to stop)

A

joined by ‘de’

il arrête de fumer

(he stops smoking)

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11
Q

arriver (to manage)

A

joined by an ‘à’

j’arrive à faire mes devoirs

(I managed to do my homework)

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12
Q

avoir besoin (to need)

A

joined by ‘de’

j’ai besoin d’argent

(I need money)

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13
Q

avoir envie (to want)

A

joined by ‘de’

j’ai envie d’un bouteille de vin

(I want a bottle of wine)

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14
Q

avoir l’intention (to intend)

A

joined by ‘de’

j’ai l’intention de manger un petit pain

(I intend to eat a bun)

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15
Q

avoir peur (to be afraid)

A

joined by ‘de’

tu as peur du lion

(you afraid of the lion)

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16
Q

cesser (to cease)

A

joined by ‘de’

Il cesse de chanter

(He stops singing)

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17
Q

choisir (to choose)

A

joined by ‘de’

il choisit de jouer au foot

(he chose to play football)

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18
Q

commencer (to start)

A

joined by an ‘à’

nous commençons à manger le déjeuner

(we start eating lunch)

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19
Q

continuer (to carry on)

A

joined by an ‘à’

je continue à chanter

(I continue to sing)

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20
Q

craindre (to fear)

A

joined by ‘de’

il craint de voler

(he is afraid of flying)

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21
Q

decider (to decide)

A

joined by ‘de’

je decide de faire les courses

(I decided to do the shopping)

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22
Q

désirer (to desire)

A

followed directly by the infinitive

je désire manger

(I want to eat)

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23
Q

détester (to hate)

A

followed directly by the infinitive

je déteste faire la queue

(I hate to queue)

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24
Q

devoir (to have to)

A

followed directly by the infinitive

je dois apprendre français

(I have to learn French)

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25
Q

empêcher (to prevent)

A

joined by ‘de’

je t’empêche de chanter

(I stop you from singing)

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26
Q

encourager (to encourage)

A

joined by an ‘à’

je t’encourage à jouer au basket

(I encourage you to play basketball)

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27
Q

espérer (to hope)

A

followed directly by the infinitive

j’espére voir Paris

(I hope to see Paris)

28
Q

essayer (to try)

A

joined by ‘de’

j’essaie d’être bon

(I try to be good)

29
Q

éviter (to avoid)

A

joined by ‘de’

j’évite de manger la viande

(I avoid eating meat)

30
Q

faillir (to fail)

A

followed directly by the infinitive

31
Q

falloir (to be necessary to)

A

followed directly by the infinitive

il faut se laver les mains

(It is necessary to wash the hands)

32
Q

finir (to finish)

A

joined by ‘de’

nous finissons de manger

(we finish eating)

33
Q

hésiter (to hesitate)

A

joined by an ‘à’

j’hésite à travailler

(I hesitate to work)

34
Q

inviter (to invite)

A

joined by an ‘à’

il m’invite à jouer au echecs

(he invited me to play chess)

35
Q

menacer (to threaten)

A

joined by ‘de’

ils menacent d’arrêter de travailler

(they threaten to stop work)

36
Q

meriter (to merit)

A

joined by ‘de’

je merite d’obtenir un travail

(I deserve to get a job)

37
Q

offrir (to offer)

A

joined by ‘de’

J’offris de vous aider à nager

(I offer to help you swim)

38
Q

oser (to dare)

A

followed directly by the infinitive

tu oses voler

(you dare steal)

39
Q

oublier (to forget)

A

joined by ‘de’

j’oublie de manger

(I forgot to eat)

40
Q

pouvoir (to be able to)

A

followed directly by the infinitive

je peux nager (I can swim)

41
Q

What phrase means ‘in the process of’

A

être en train de

je suis en train de manger une pomme

42
Q

What phrase can be used to mean ‘to have something done’ ?

A

faire + infinitive.

Je ferai repeindre ma maison.

43
Q

faire attendre

A

to make someone wait

44
Q

faire entrer

A

to bring in

45
Q

faire faire

A

to have something done

46
Q

faire monter

A

to carry up

47
Q

faire remarquer

A

to remark

48
Q

faire savoir

A

to let know

49
Q

faire venir

A

to fetch

50
Q

faire voir

A

to show

51
Q

Ne … point

A

not (formal/literary equivalent of ne … pas)

Il ne fut point blessé. (He wasn’t wounded)

52
Q

Ne … guère

A

Hardly.

Vous n’avez guère mangé (You hardly ate anything)

53
Q

Ne … ni … ni

A

neither nor

54
Q

Ne … aucun(e)

A

Not any

Ne … aucun can be used with any kind of noun.

55
Q

Ne …nulle

A

not any

Ne … nul can be used only with collective and uncountable nouns, like water and happiness.

56
Q

Explain how to form a question without changing the word order.

A

Add a question mark to the end of the sentence and raise the voice at the end if spoken.

Tu as faim … Tu as Faim ?

57
Q

How can a question be formed using est-ce que ?

A

Add est-ce que to the statement.

Tu as faim … Est-ce que tu as faim ?

58
Q

How can a question be formed by changing the word order ?

A

Invert the subject and verb.

Tu es content … Es-tu content ?

This is the formal method of forming questions.

59
Q

If the subject is a noun, what must happen when inverting the subject and verb ?

A

A pronoun must be added.

Suzanne est triste … Suzanne, est-elle triste?

60
Q

What happens, when the verb ends in a vowel, and the pronoun begins with a vowel during verb/noun inversion?

A

A ‘t’ is added to aid pronounciation. Elle a une pomme … A-t-elle une pomme

61
Q

If pronoun and subject are inverted, how are they treated in negative constructions ?

A

They are treated as one word, so in negative sentences they are sandwiched between the 2 negative elements.

N’est elle pas content.

62
Q

Most verbs use avoir as their auxiliary verb to form compound tenses. The verb’s past participle will normally remains unchanged.

Under what circumstances would that past participle need agreement?

A
  1. If the verb has a direct object and that direct object precedes the verb, the past participle must agree with the direct object.

Tu as vu ta mère - Oui je l’ai vue hier

  1. With the relative pronoun que.

Les articles que nous avons commandés…

  1. In questions after quel? and combien?

Combien d’affiches a-t-il achetées

63
Q

What is the fourth way in which a question may be formed ?

A

By using a specific question word, such as pourquoi ?, qui ?, quand ?

64
Q

What is an intransitive verb?

A

Intransitive verbs are verbs that do not have an object.

Je suis arrivèe (I have arrived)

65
Q

Which auxiliary verb do intransitive verbs use to form their compound tenses?

A

être

Je suis arrivée (I have arrived)

66
Q

Descendre, monter, entrer & sortir differ from other intransitive verbs in which way?

A

These 4 verbs may optionally take an object, in which case their meaning is slightly altered and they take avoir as their auxilliary verb.

Il a monté les valises

(He brought up the cases)

67
Q

When should the subject & verb be inverted in a French sentence?

A
  • After direct speech

“Je ne peux pas supporter cette situation,”” ai-je dit.

  • After question words

De quelle façon t’a-t-on accueilli?

  • After expressions such as à peine, aussi, en vain, peut-être and sans doute

Sans doute devrons-nous utiliser d’autres sources d’énergie

French AS Level Grammar (11 decks)

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