VERBATIM Flashcards
(V) SOP dipping restrictions (W PCL FATS): W
Water: Dipping Sonar operations should not be conducted in seas with wave heights exceeding 10’ during unit-level training or fleet-level exercises. Preflight deliberate ORM and in-flight time critical ORM assessments of forecasted or observed seat state conditions shall be accomplished prior to dipping sonar operations.
(V) SOP dipping restrictions (W PCL FATS): P
POCL: During dipping sonar training operations (with or without submarine), payed-out cable length shall be no more than half the ceiling up to 1,000’ ceiling. When ceilings are above 1,000’, POCL shall be no more than 500’ below ceiling.
During operational ASW involving a submarine, under conditions that preclude a freestream recovery, then POCL need not be restricted. However, ORM shall be conducted to minimize the risk to the transducer assembly in the event of a malfunction.
(V) SOP dipping restrictions (W PCL FATS): C
Cable angle: Cable angle hover mode shall be operable for all dipping sonar operations. Submerged Override shall not be used for routine operations.
(V) SOP dipping restrictions (W PCL FATS): L
Level II: While operating in a squadron’s local area for unit-level training, an ACTC Level II SO shall be in the helicopter on any flight in which dipping is intended.
(V) SOP dipping restrictions (W PCL FATS): F
Fault code: With an 1177 fault (to include on MBIT), cease dipping operations until maintenance action is performed.
(V) SOP dipping restrictions (W PCL FATS): A
AFCS: Dipping operations are prohibited with AFCS degredations affecting Automatic Approach, Coupled Hover, or Cable Angle hover functions.
(V) SOP dipping restrictions (W PCL FATS): T
Towing: If transducer towing groundspeed limits are exceeded, cease dipping operations and document on a MAF.
(V) SOP dipping restrictions (W PCL FATS): S
Steady hover: NATOPS Dipping Sonar/Coupled Hover procedures item 8 “Establish a steady coupled hover” shall be completed prior to “Down Dome”.
PNAC should adjust LONG VEL and LAT VEL potentiometers to control drift and limit groundspeed to no greater than 2 kts.
(V) Crew Rest (HSM-74 SOP)
For planning purposes only, aircrew shall not report earlier than 12 hours prior to the scheduled completion of all flight and post-flight duties.
Post flight duties are assumed to require 1 hour to complete.
Aircrew shall not be scheduled to brief a flight event until 10 hours after completion of post-flight duties.
For land times after 2400, aircrew shall not report to the squadron earlier than 10 hours prior to the scheduled completion of post-flight duties, and shall not be scheduled for a flight or simulator for 12 hours following the completion of post-flight duties.
A SDO on watch for a full 24-hour period or more shall not be scheduled for flights in aircraft for the following day. SDOs on watch for 12 hours or less are exempt from this restriction; normal crew rest requirements apply per CNAF.
Enlisted aircrew shall not be scheduled to brief an event within 12 hours after standing a watch.
(V) Crew day (HSM-74 SOP)
Crew day begins at the commencement of official duties and concludes at the completion of official duties, including post-flight duties. An individual’s crew day shall not exceed 12 hours
What is required for aircrew to bring on all flights with an operational ALFS installed?
an additional aircrewman PCL for cockpit use and a squirt bottle
Recorder DTDs shall be used for all ________.
ASW flights
(V) Cable angle deflection shall be verbally acknowledged by a crewmember when?
just prior to commencing the raise, just prior to transducer breaking the surface of the water, and once it is clear of the water
(V) Definition: Primary Fuel
A fuel that the aircraft is authorized to use for continuous unrestricted operations.
(V) Definition: Restricted Fuel
A fuel that imposes operational restrictions on the aircraft.
(V) Definition: Emergency Fuel
A fuel which may be used for a minimum time when no other primary or restricted fuel is available in case of emergency or operational necessity.
Primary Fuels
JP-5
JP-8
F-24
TS-1
Restricted Fuels
JP-4
JET A-1
JET A
JET B
Emergency Fuels
JP-8 +100
F-27
What does NATOPS stand for?
Naval Air Training and Operating Procedures Standardization
What is the scope of NATOPS?
It provides the best T/M/S aircraft information and operating instructions for most circumstances. However, no manual can address every situation completely or be a substitute for sound judgement.
Define a ‘Note’
Explanatory information about an operating procedure, practice, or condition, etc. that must be emphasized.
Define a ‘Caution’
Explanatory information about an operating procedure, practice, or condition etc. that may result in damage to equipment if not carefully observed or followed.
Define a ‘Warning’
Explanatory information about an operating procedure, practice, or condition, etc. that may result in injury, death, or loss of aircraft if not carefully observed or followed.
“Shall”
Is only used when application of a procedure is mandatory
“Should”
Is used only when application of a procedure is recommended.
What are the primary missions of the MH-60R?
CANES: Command and Control, ASW, Non-Combat Ops, EW, SUW
What are the secondary missions of the MH-60R?
HAILFAN: Health Services, Air Warfare, Intel Ops, Logistics, Fleet Support, Amphibious Warfare, Naval Special Warfare
What is the purpose of NATOPS?
NATOPS program is a positive approach toward improving combat readiness and achieving a substantial reduction in the aircraft mishap rate.
“May” and “need not”
are used only when application of a procedure is optional.
“Will”
indicates futurity and never indicates any degree of requirement for application of a procedure.
(V) Define air-capable ship
Ships other than CV/CVN or LHA/LHD where aircraft can takeoff, be recovered, or routinely receive and transfer logistic support
(V) Permissible Lighting Equipment Degradations — Unaided Ops
Night unaided VMC operations may be conducted in the event of a failure of not more than one of the lighting subsystems required for ship’s facility certification provided the following criteria are met:
- A visible horizon exists and is discernible by the aircraft commander in the shipboard landing/takeoff environment.
- The ship’s CO and embarked Air Detachment OIC (aircraft commander for non-embarked evolutions) concur that the failed lighting system is not critical to the scheduled mission.
(V) Permissible Lighting Equipment Degradations — Aided (NVD) Ops
Aided operations may be conducted in the event of a failure of more than one of the lighting subsystems required for ship’s facility certification provided all of the following criteria are met:
- A visible horizon exists and is discernible through NVDs by the aircraft commander in the shipboard landing/takeoff environment.
- The ship’s CO and embarked Air Detachment OIC (aircraft commander for non-embarked evolutions) concur that the failed lighting systems are not critical to the scheduled mission.
- The following lighting subsystems remain operational and available:
— Overhead/Forward Structure floodlights
— Deck Surface/Hangar Wash floodlights
— Associated lighting control panels
(V) Define Actual Instrument Approach
When actual instrument conditions are encountered below 1,000’ above the airport / flight deck elevation during an instrument approach.
(V) Define Actual Instrument Conditions
Conditions external to the aircraft in flight that do not permit visual reference to the horizon.
(V) Define Controlling Custodian
The command exercising administrative control of assignment, employment, and logistic support of aircraft.
(V) Define cross-country flight
A flight that either does not remain in the local flying area or remains in the local flying area and terminates at a facility other than an active military facility.
(V) When does helicopter flight time start and end?
For helicopters, a flight begins when the aircraft lifts from a rest point or commences ground taxi and ends after airborne flight when rotors are disengaged or the aircraft has been stationary for 5 minutes with rotors engaged.
(V) Define a hazard
A condition with the potential to cause personal injury or death, property damage, or mission degradation.
(V) When can you log actual instrument time? By whom? Simulated instrument time?
Actual instrument time will be logged by both pilots in a dual/multi piloted aircraft during flight in actual instrument conditions.
Simulated instrument time shall be logged only by the pilot actually manipulating the controls.
(V) Define night time
The portion of pilot time during darkness between official time of sunset and sunrise regardless of whether IMC or VMC conditions exist.
(V) Define Operational Necessity
A mission associated with war or peacetime operations in which the consequences of an action justify accepting the risk of loss of aircraft and crew.
(V) Define Officer in Tactical Command
The senior officer present eligible to assume command, or the officer to whom he has delegated tactical command.
(V) Define Reporting Custodian
An organizational unit of the lowest echelon of command accepting responsibility for aircraft as designated either by the CNO or by the controlling custodian of the aircraft.
(V) Define a risk
An expression of possible loss in terms of severity and probability.
(V) Define a Simulated Instrument Approach and Simulated Instrument Conditions
Simulated instrument approach — an instrument approach flown under simulated instrument conditions.
Simulated instrument conditions — conditions external to the aircraft in flight are VMC, but pilot vision is limited primarily to the interior of the aircraft.
(V) Define NATOPS and state it’s purpose per CNAF.
The Naval Air Training and Operating Procedures and Standardization program is a positive approach towards improving combat readiness and achieving a substantial reduction in aircraft mishaps.
(V) Military Exigency clause in CNAF
In the tactical environment, military exigency may require on-site deviations from instructions/procedures contained in CNAF. The existing risk of deviation must continually be weighed against the benefits of deviating from this manual. Deviation from specified flight and operating instructions is authorized in emergency situations when, in the judgement of the pilot in command, safety justifies such a deviation.
(V) Non-essential flights. Statement and 4 examples (ROHM).
The use of aircraft for nonessential flights shall not be authorized. Any flight open to misinterpretation by the public shall be avoided. Examples of flights that are considered nonessential are as follows:
- Flights of a routine business nature for which commercial or other military transportation could be more economically substituted.
- Flights for any officer or group of officers, the sole purpose of which is the convenience and/or prestige of the officers concerned and not the performance of official duties or accomplishment of bona fide training.
- Repeated flights to the hometown area of flight personnel concerned.
- Flights coinciding with major sports events or civic celebrations.
(V) Who is authorized to taxi a Naval helicopter?
No one shall be permitted to taxi a helicopter except those persons who are authorized to fly helicopters.
(V) Individuals are selected to participate in orientation flights for one of the following purposes:
(ABFM)
- To familiarize them with an aircraft, its operation, capabilities, requirements, concept of employment, or limitations.
- To familiarize them with a base complex from the air for official purposes other than merely sightseeing or goodwill.
- To allow FAA personnel to perform official functions that require their infrequent embarkation on naval aircraft.
- To perform other military duties not assigned to the flight crew.
(V) What are considered critical phases of flight?
- Takeoff
- Landing
- Formation flight
- FCF
- Degraded aircraft performance regimes
(V) Flag or General Officer Embarked
The pilot in command of an aircraft with a flag or general officer eligible for command at sea or in the field embarked as a passenger shall be subject to the orders of such flag or general officer in accordance with USN regulations.
When such an embarked passenger exercises authority to command the aircraft, that passenger thereby assumes full responsibility for the safe and orderly conduct of the flight.
The embarked passenger shall give due consideration to the judgement of the PIC regarding items of flight safety such as hazardous weather and aircraft / crew limitations.
Flying rule violations, accident reports, and any other actions arising out of the flight will be referred to the embarked passenger as the responsible commander of the aircraft.
(V) Name the 5-step process of ORM.
(I AM IS)
- Identify hazards
- Assess hazards
- Make risk decisions
- Implement controls
- Supervise
(V) Name the 3 levels of ORM.
- Time-critical: a quick mental review of the five-step process when time does not allow for any more (i.e. in-flight mission change)
- Deliberate: experience and brain storming are used to identify hazards and is best done in groups (i.e. aircraft moves, fly on/off)
- In-depth: more substantial tools are used to thoroughly study the hazards and their associated risk in complex operations
(V) Name the 4 principles of ORM.
(BUMR)
- Accept risk when benefits outweigh the costs.
- Accept no unnecessary risk.
- Anticipate and manage risk by planning.
- Make risk decisions at the right level.
(V) Officer in Tactical Command Embarked
Wing, group, or squadron commander, if embarked on a mission involving aircraft of their command, retains full authority and responsibility regarding command, including the mission in which participating.
(V) Pilot in Command
Pilot in command refers to the pilot of an individual aircraft. The PIC is responsible for the safe, orderly flight of the aircraft and well-being of the crew.
The authority and responsibility of the PIC shall not be transferred during flight. It shall not be transferred to another individual except as required by emergency, operational necessity, or as directed by the commanding officer of the unit to which the aircraft is attached. The authority and responsibility of a PIC is independent of rank or seniority in relation to other persons participating in the mission or flight except for the following…
- OTC embarked
- Flag or General Officer embarked
(V) Define intent
Lack of intent does not in itself constitute absence of culpability. One can be so grossly negligent as to equate omission with commission. The question is whether the PIC or formation leader could reasonably have been expected to avoid the violation.
(V) When are Naval aircraft permitted to operate at civilian airfields?
(VMI)
- Adds value to training
- Contributes to mission accomplishment
- Or otherwise is in the interests of the government and taxpayers
(V) When are we authorized to purchase non-contract fuel?
(MEA)
- Mission requirements dictated stopping at a facility without military or contract fuel sources.
- The flight terminated as a result of an emergency.
- The flight terminated at an alternate airport in lieu of filed destination.
(V) Requirements to become a HAC
- Have completed the requirements for and possess to an advanced degree the knowledge, proficiency, and capabilities of a second pilot.
- Have a minimum of 500 total flight hours.
- Have 150 flight hours in rotary-wing aircraft.
- Have pilot hours in class and model required by the commanding officer or higher authority and demonstrate the proficiency and judgement required to ensure the successful accomplishment of all tasks of the unit mission.
- Demonstrate ability to command and train the officers and enlisted members of the crew.
- Demonstrate the qualities of leadership required to conduct advanced base or detached unit operations as officer in charge when such duty is required as part of the units mission or method of operation.
(V) Emergency and Humanitarian Operations
Naval aircraft operations are authorized in emergencies such as forest fire, search, rescue, major calamities, and for humanitarian reasons involving life-threatening circumstances. Notification of the operation shall be made to the CNO or CMC, as appropriate, and the responsible local commander, but without delaying action when time is an essential factor.
(V) Embarkation of Passengers
No person shall be enplaned as a passenger not shall any cargo be embarked on a naval aircraft unless authorization has been granted by competent authority in accordance with applicable directives.
The PIC of naval aircraft (while absent from home unit) may authorize air transportation for personnel and/or equipment not otherwise qualified for Government air transportation when required for the successful prosecution of a SAR, MEDEVAC, or disaster relief mission.
(V) Helicopter Pax Overwater Flights At Night
Helicopter and Tiltrotor passenger overwater flights at night are authorized subject to the following restrictions:
- Ship launches and recoveries shall be made during daylight hours. This constraint may be waived by the Strike Group Commander, Amphibious Squadron Commander, Marine MAGTF, or OTC in cases of operational necessity.
- In cases of MEDEVAC, a qualified medical attendant who is current in approved water survival training and has been properly briefed on emergency egress procedures for that aircraft, may be transferred at night with approval from the ship’s CO.
- This does not preclude troop movement in support of amphibious exercises, VBSS Level III Ops, or SPECOPS training and operational missions.
XMSN Temp Limit: During any operating condition
During any operating condition, no maintenance action is required if main XMSN oil temperature is in the precautionary range for 5 minutes or less.
XMSN Temperature Limit: Prolonged Hovering
Prolonged hovering in hot weather 86F (30C) may cause main XMSN oil temperature to rise into the precautionary range. Operation in the precautionary range for less than 30 minutes during any one flight under this condition is acceptable and no maintenance action is required.
Transmission Px Limit: During steady state pitch attitudes
During steady state pitch attitudes, XMSN oil pressure should be 45-60 psi. The following conditions do not constitute an immediate emergency situation, but may be indicative of a degraded lubrication system. Any discrepancy shall be documented on a MAF.
- Steady px outside of 45-60 psi, but within normal limits of 30-65 psi.
- Fluctuations not to exceed a range of 10 psi, within normal limits of 30-65 psi.
Transmission PX Limit: During transient pitch or steady-state nose high attitudes
During transient pitch or steady-state nose high attitudes, XMSN oil pressure fluctuations (including momentary fluctuations below 30 psi and transient drops below 20 psi for up to 1 second) are acceptable. Operating with pressure fluctuations < 30 psi shall be limited to 30 minutes.
Transmission PX Limit: during rotor engagement
During rotor engagement, a zero oil pressure indication may indicate a no-oil flow condition through the oil lubrication system. Operating with a no oil pressure indication shall be limited to less than 1 minute and shall be documented on a MAF.
