verb classes --> verbs Flashcards
class I
[i:] + C
[iː] –[ɔː]– [i] –[i]
driven – drof – driven – (y-)driven
class II
[e:] + C
[eː]– [ɛː]– [u/ɔː]– [ɔː]
chesen – ches – curen/cosen – (y-)coren/chosen
class IIIa
stem closed by nasal +C
long vowel: [iː]– [ɔː]– [uː]– [uː]
binden – boond – bounden – (y-)bounden
short vowel: [i]– [a]– [u]– [u]
drink – drank – drunke – (y-)drunken
class IIIb
stem closed by liquid + C
[e]– [a]– [u]– [ɔ]
helpen – halp – hulpen – (y-)holpen
class IV
stem closed by single liquid/nasal
[ɛː]– [a]– [ɛː]– [ɔː]
beren – bar – beren – (y-)bor(e)n
class V
verb stem closed by single consonant other than N/L
[ɛː]– [a]– [ɛː]– [ɛː] | [i]– [a]– [i]– [i]
quethen – quath/quoth – queden – (y-)queden
bidden – bad – bidden – (y-)bidden
class VI
[a:]-[o:]-alternation, stem usually closed by single C
[aː]– [oː]– [oː]– [aː]
taken – tok – token – (y-)taken
faren – for – foren – (y-)faren
class VII
NHG cognates often with /i:/ in their preterites
[a]– [e:]– [eː]– [a]
fallen – fell – fellen – (y-)fallen
mi-verbs
ben, don, gon, willen
preterite-present-verbs
semantically present tense, morphologically past tense with ablaut
witen (know)
connen (know how)
durren (dare)
mowen (can)
OE sculan (shall)
OE motan (may,must)