Verb Flashcards
(120 cards)
1
Q
maroon
A
to leave somebody in a place that they cannot escape from, for example an island
-‘Lord of the Flies’ is a novel about English schoolboys marooned on a desert island.
2
Q
The wind began to LASH the windows, and she blinked as a LASH fell into her eye.
A
lash /læʃ/ (noun & verb)
1. (verb) to strike or hit forcefully, especially with something long and flexible (like a whip or wind)
• Example: Waves lashed the side of the boat during the storm.
2. (noun) a quick, forceful blow or strike
• Example: He received a lash across his back.
3. (noun – informal) a eyelash
• Example: She wore fake lashes for the party.
• Synonyms: • (verb): whip, beat, strike • (noun – strike): blow, hit • (noun – eyelash): lash, eyelash • Antonyms: • (verb): caress, soothe • (noun – eyelash): —
3
Q
The organizers are hoping to SPARK some interest in young people.
A
spark /spɑːk/
to cause something to start or develop, especially suddenly
4
Q
This conversation does not CONCERN you.
A
concern /kənˈsɜːn/
concern somebody/something to affect somebody/something; to involve somebody/something
5
Q
TO WEAN a baby onto solid food
A
wean /wiːn/
to gradually stop feeding a baby or young animal with its mother’s milk and start feeding it with solid food
6
Q
His views were DERIDED as old-fashioned.
A
deride /dɪˈraɪd/
to treat somebody/something as ridiculous and not worth considering seriously
7
Q
The population has INCREASED from 1.2 million to 1.8 million.
A
increase /ɪnˈkriːs/
to become or to make something greater in amount, number, value, etc.
8
Q
I wouldn’t BET on them winning the next election.
A
bet /bet/
to risk money on a race or an event by trying to predict the result
–He bet $2 000 on the final score of the game.
9
Q
He has already STATED his intention to run for election.
A
state /steɪt/
to formally write or say something, especially in a careful and clear way
10
Q
Many people feel CHEATED by the government’s refusal to hold a referendum.
A
cheat /tʃiːt/
cheat somebody/something to trick somebody or make them believe something which is not true
–You’re not allowed to look at the answers—that’s cheating.
–Anyone caught cheating will be automatically disqualified from the examination.
11
Q
The writer clearly INTENDS his readers to identify with the main character.
A
intend /ɪnˈtend/
to have a plan, result or purpose in your mind when you do something
–We intend that production will start next month.
12
Q
They didn’t REACH the border until after dark.
A
reach /riːtʃ/
reach something/somebody to arrive at the place that you have been travelling to
–The beach can only be reached by boat.
13
Q
It REMAINS true that sport is about competing well, not winning.
A
remain /rɪˈmeɪn/
to continue to be something; to be still in the same state or condition.
–He will remain (as) manager of the club until the end of his contract.
14
Q
Don’t let yourself be PRESSURED into making a hasty decision.
A
pressure /ˈpreʃə(r)/
to persuade somebody to do something, especially by making them feel that they have to or should do it.
15
Q
If you don’t do it now, you’ll only REGRET it.
A
regret /rɪˈɡret/
to feel sorry about something you have done or about something that you have not been able to do
–‘I’ve had a wonderful life,’ she said, ‘I don’t regret a thing.’
16
Q
Her latest novel is eagerly AWAITED.
A
await /əˈweɪt/
to wait for somebody/something
–A warm welcome awaits all our guests.
–Who knows what dangers may await us?
17
Q
A man has been ARRESTED in connection with the robbery.
A
arrest /əˈrest/
if the police arrest somebody, the person is taken to a police station and kept there because the police believe they may be guilty of a crime.
–You could get arrested for doing that.
18
Q
She sat down to CONCEAL the fact that she was trembling.
A
conceal /kənˈsiːl/
to hide somebody/something.
–For a long time his death was concealed from her.
19
Q
A country STRUGGLING for independence
A
struggle /ˈstrʌɡl/
to try very hard to do something when it is difficult or when there are a lot of problems.
–Shona struggled for breath.
20
Q
She POSES confidently whenever someone takes her picture.
A
pose /pəʊz/ (verb – present: poses | noun: a pose)
📸 1. (verb) to hold your body in a specific position for a photo, painting, or display
• Example: He posed for the group picture.
🎭 2. (verb) to pretend to be something you’re not
• Example: He posed as a doctor to enter the hospital.
🧍 3. (noun) a particular way of sitting or standing, often for effect or photos
• Example: She struck a dramatic pose.
⸻
• Synonyms (verb): pretend, impersonate, fake (figurative); position, present (literal) • Synonyms (noun): stance, posture, position • Antonyms: move naturally, reveal truth
📝 Nota de uso:
“Pose” é bem comum em contextos de fotografia, moda, mas também aparece muito em filmes e séries no sentido de “fingir” ou “se passar por algo”.
21
Q
She sat in the car, silently FUMING at the traffic jam.
A
fume /fjuːm/
to be very angry about something
–He was fuming with indignation.
–‘This is intolerable!’ she fumed.
22
Q
Outside, thunder BOOMED and crashed.
A
boom /buːm/
make loud sound
23
Q
She DELVED in her handbag for a pen.
A
delve (delved) /delv/ (verb – regular)
🔍 To explore, investigate, or search deeply into something
• Example: She delved into the archives to find old family documents.
• Example: He delved into the topic of mental health in his podcast.
• Example: She delved into her handbag for a pen.
⸻
• Synonyms: investigate, explore, dig into, examine • Antonyms: skim, ignore, overlook, avoid
📝 Note:
➡️ Frequentemente usado com a preposição “into”
➡️ Pode se referir a pesquisas profundas, memórias ou buscas físicas
24
Q
Sam walked to the deep end of the pool and DIVED in.
A
dive /daɪv/
to jump into water with your head and arms going in first
–He dived off the bridge.
–The main purpose of his holiday to Greece was to go diving.
25
He had to TIE her hands together.
tie /taɪ/
to attach or hold two or more things together using string, rope, etc.; to fasten somebody/something with string, rope, etc.
-- I tie back my hair when I'm cooking.
--They tied him to a chair with cable.
26
You push and I'll PULL.
pull /pʊl/
to hold something firmly and use force in order to move it or try to move it towards yourself.
-- Stop pulling her hair!
27
Most of our work now involves CATERING for weddings.
cater /ˈkeɪtə(r)/
to provide food and drinks for a social event
-- Who will be catering the wedding?
28
It's time you SETTLED your differences with your father.
settle /ˈsetl/
to put an end to an argument or a disagreement
-- I want this thing settled.
29
You should APLLY in person/by letter.
apply /əˈplaɪ/
to make a formal request, usually in writing, for something such as a job, a place at college, university, etc.
-- to apply to a company/university
-- He has applied to join the army.
30
I HACKED the dead branches off.
hack /hæk/
to cut somebody/something with rough, heavy blows
-- They were hacked to death as they tried to escape.
31
A solitary seagull WINGED its way across the bay.
wing /wɪŋ/
to fly somewhere
32
He BEAT me at chess.
beat /biːt/
to defeat somebody in a game or competition
-- The government's main aim is to beat inflation.
33
The baby was BANGING the table with his spoon.
bang /bæŋ/
to hit something in a way that makes a loud noise.
-- A window was banging somewhere (= opening and closing noisily).
34
pulsating rhythms
pulsate /pʌlˈseɪt/
to make strong regular movements or sounds
-- a pulsating headache
35
I tried to WARN him, but he wouldn't listen.
warn /wɔːn/
to tell somebody about something, especially something dangerous or unpleasant that is likely to happen, so that they can avoid it.
-- If you're thinking of getting a dog, be warned—they take a lot of time and money.
36
They DUG deeper and deeper but still found nothing.
dig /dɪɡ/
to make a hole in the ground or to move soil from one place to another using your hands, a tool or a machine.
-- I've been digging the garden.
37
a WALLED city
wall /wɔːl/
wall something to surround an area, a town, etc. with a wall or walls
38
I can't find clothes to FIT me.
fit /fɪt/
to be the right shape and size for somebody/something
-- The key doesn't fit the lock.
39
She was HUSTLED away by some police officers.
hustle /ˈhʌsl/
to make somebody move quickly by pushing them in a rough aggressive way
-- He grabbed her arm and hustled her out of the room.
40
She GRABBED the child's hand and ran.
grab /ɡræb/
to take or hold somebody/something with your hand suddenly, firmly or roughly
-- Someone grabbed me from behind.
41
to RELIEVE the symptoms of a cold
relieve /rɪˈliːv/
to remove or reduce an unpleasant feeling or pain
-- to relieve anxiety/guilt/stress
42
Wages and prices have SKYROCKETED.
skyrocket /ˈskaɪrɒkɪt/
to rise quickly to a very high level
-- The economic boom sent property prices skyrocketing.
43
She lost control and the tears began to FLOW.
flow /fləʊ/
to move steadily and continuously in one direction
-- It's here that the river flows down into the ocean.
44
He had always OBEYED his parents without question.
obey /əˈbeɪ/
to do what you are told or expected to do
-- I tried to run but my legs just wouldn't obey me.
45
Drivers are advised to SEEK alternative routes.
seek /siːk/
to look for something/somebody
-- He intends to seek custody of the children.
46
He was TRAMPLED to death by a runaway horse.
trample /ˈtræmpl/
to step heavily on somebody/something so that you damage or harm them/it with your feet
-- People were trampled underfoot in the rush for the exit.
47
We do not FORESEE any problems.
foresee /fɔːˈsiː/
to think something is going to happen in the future; to know about something before it happens
-- It is impossible to foresee how life will work out.
48
She's being TOUTED as the next leader of the party.
tout /taʊt/
to try to persuade people that somebody/something is important or valuable by praising them/it
49
We have to RENEW our efforts to attract young players.
renew /rɪˈnjuː/
happening again with increased interest or strength
-- The annual dinner is a chance to renew acquaintance with old friends.
50
Her expression REVEALED nothing.
reveal /rɪˈviːl/
to make something known to somebody
-- to reveal a secret
51
He's OVERLOADED with responsibilities.
overload /ˌəʊvəˈləʊd/
to give somebody too much of something
-- Don't overload the students with information.
52
One person refused to quarantine and was PROSECUTED.
prosecute /ˈprɒsɪkjuːt/
to bring legal action against for redress or punishment of a crime or violation of law
53
If you drive too slowly, other cars will OVERTAKE you on the highway.
overtake /ˌəʊ.vəˈteɪk/ (verb)
1. To move ahead of something or someone while going in the same direction
• Example: He sped up to overtake the truck on the road.
2. To become greater in number, amount, or importance than something else
• Example: Online sales may overtake in-store purchases this year.
• Synonyms: pass, surpass, outpace
• Antonyms: fall behind, lag
54
He felt pain in his back after BENDING to pick up the box.
bending /ˈben.dɪŋ/ (noun or present participle of “bend”)
The act of curving or flexing a part of the body, especially by moving it forward or downward.
Ex: Bending your knees properly can prevent injury during squats.
Synonyms: flexing, curving, leaning
Antonyms: straightening, extending
55
His comments were MISINTERPRETED as a criticism of the project.
misinterpret /ˌmɪsɪnˈtɜːprət/
to understand something/somebody wrongly
56
he CAST a welcoming smile in his direction.
cast /kɑːst/
to look, smile, etc. in a particular direction
-- I cast an angry look at him.
57
She GLANCED at her phone during the meeting
glance /ɡlɑːns/
to look quickly at something/somebody
-- I glanced up quickly to see who had come in.
58
He has DENIED any involvement in the incident.
deny /dɪˈnaɪ/
to say that something is not true
-- There's no denying the fact that quicker action could have saved them.
59
She LIFTED her head to look at him.
lift /lɪft/
to raise somebody/something or be raised to a higher position or level
60
If you ever get the chance to visit this place, I strongly URGE you to do so.
urge /ɜːdʒ/
to advise or try hard to persuade somebody to do something
-- The police are urging anyone with new information to come forward.
61
We need to TACKLE this problem before it gets worse
tackle /ˈtækl/
to make a determined effort to deal with a difficult problem or situation.
— The government is determined to TACKLE inflation.
-- Firefighters tackled a blaze in a garage last night.
62
The sun was BLAZING in the sky all afternoon.
blazing /ˈbleɪ.zɪŋ/ (adjective)
1. Extremely hot or bright
• Example: They walked for hours under the blazing sun.
2. Full of strong emotion (especially anger or passion)
• Example: She gave him a blazing look of fury.
• Synonyms: burning, intense, fierce
• Antonyms: cool, calm, dim
63
QUAKING with fear, Polly slowly opened the door.
quake /kweɪk/
to shake because you are very frightened or nervous
-- he ground quaked as the bomb exploded.
64
The disease SPREADS easily.
spread /spred/
to affect or make something affect, be known by, or be used by more and more people
-- The news had spread and was causing great excitement.
65
He had to EXERT a lot of effort to lift the heavy box.
exert /ɪɡˈzɜːt/ (verb)
to use physical or mental effort; to apply strength, power, or influence
• Example: She exerted all her energy to finish the marathon.
• Synonyms: apply, use, exercise, deploy
• Antonyms: withhold, relax, conserve
66
The play continued to ENCHANT all who watched it.
enchant /ɪnˈtʃɑːnt/
to attract somebody strongly and make them feel very interested, excited, etc.
The happy family scene had enchanted him.
67
The prisoners were kept SHACKLED during the trial.
shackle /ˈʃækl/
to put shackles on somebody
She is opposed to shackling the press with privacy laws.
68
He CLAIMED it wasn’t his fault, but she didn’t believe his CLAIM.
claim /kleɪm/ (verb & noun)
1. (verb) to say something is true, especially without proof
• Example: He claimed he didn’t know anything about the accident.
2. (verb) to demand something as a right
• Example: You can claim your luggage at the carousel.
3. (noun) a statement that something is true
• Example: Her claim that she saw a UFO was hard to believe.
4. (noun) a demand for something (money, right, property)
• Example: She filed a claim for insurance after the storm.
69
The wind SWEPT through the streets, knocking over trash cans.
sweep (swept) /swiːp/ (verb – irregular)
🧹 1. To clean or move dust/dirt with a broom
• Example: She swept the floor before the guests arrived.
🌪️ 2. To move quickly and powerfully through a space
• Example: A storm swept across the region last night.
💫 3. To strongly affect someone or something (emotionally or socially)
• Example: A feeling of relief swept over him.
• Example: The new trend swept the internet.
⸻
• Synonyms: brush, glide, surge, rush, flood (figurative)
• Antonyms: settle, stagnate, linger
📝 Note:
➡️ Pode ser usado tanto literalmente (varrer) quanto figurativamente (tomar conta, atravessar algo)
➡️ Muito comum em frases como:
• swept away by emotions
• the fire swept through the building
70
She GRABBED the child's hand and ran.
grab /ɡræb/
to take or hold somebody/something with your hand suddenly or roughly
This was my big chance and I grabbed it with both hands.
71
He has DENIED any involvement in the incident.
deny /dɪˈnaɪ/
to say that something is not true
Access to the information was denied to them.
72
I decided to ENROLL in an English course to improve my skills
enrol /ɪnˈrəʊl/
to arrange for yourself or for somebody else to officially join a course, school, etc.
You need to ENROL on a course before the end of August.
73
We need to FINE-TUNE the marketing strategy before launching the campaign.
fine-tune /ˌfaɪn ˈtjuːn/
to make very small changes to something so that it is as good as it can possibly be
Fine-tune buoyancy skills and introduces you to different diving activities
74
The process of REFINING oil produces several useful chemicals.
refine /rɪˈfaɪn/
to make a substance pure by taking other substances out of it
75
She had to KICK the door open because her hands were full.
kick /kɪk/
to hit somebody/something with your foot
-- Stop kicking—it hurts!
76
His acting career SPANNED 55 years.
span /spæn/
to last all through a period of time or to cover the whole of it
77
The ball BOUNCED twice before he could reach it.
bounce /baʊns/
if something bounces or you bounce it, it moves quickly away from a surface it has just hit or you make it do this
78
When exactly did the incident OCCUR?
occur /əˈkɜː(r)/
to happen
79
Drivers are advised to SEEK alternative routes.
seek /siːk/
to look for something/somebody
- They sought refuge in the mountain villages.
80
The firefighters HAVE RESCUED three people from the burning building.
rescue /ˈres.kjuː/ (verb – regular; also noun)
→ rescued = past simple & past participle
🆘 1. To save someone or something from danger, harm, or trouble
• Example: She has rescued a dog from the shelter. (present perfect)
• Example: They rescued the hikers lost in the mountains.
• Example: The lifeguard rescued the boy from drowning.
⸻
💬 As a noun:
a rescue = the act of saving
• Example: The rescue was successful and fast.
• Example: They planned a rescue mission.
⸻
• Synonyms: save, recover, free, deliver
• Antonyms: endanger, abandon, neglect
⸻
📝 Usos figurados:
• “That call rescued me from an awkward conversation.”
• “Music rescued me during tough times.”
81
The report DISCLOSES that human error was to blame for the accident.
disclose /dɪsˈkləʊz/
to give somebody information about something, especially something that was previously secret
82
Have you PEELD the potatoes?
peel /piːl/
peel something to take the outer layer off fruit, vegetables, etc.
- to peel an orange/a banana
83
The trees were SWAYING in the wind.
sway / sweɪ
to move slowly from side to side
I'm swaying dreamily in a hammock perched on a rock.
84
They want to PINPOINT useful vocabulary in the transcript.
pinpoint /ˈpɪn.pɔɪnt/ (verb)
to find or show the exact position or cause of something
The GPS can pinpoint your location within a few meters.
85
The episode helped learners INTERNALIZE grammar rules.
internalize /ɪnˈtɜːr.nəl.aɪz/ (verb)
to make a belief or behavior part of your own way of thinking or acting
Children quickly internalize values they see in their parents.
86
He wants to ACTIVATE what he learned after listening.
activate /ˈæk.tə.veɪt/ (verb)
to cause something to start working or become active
You can activate your vocabulary by using it in conversation.
87
They want to TWEAK the system to make it more efficient.
tweak /twiːk/ (verb)
to make small changes to improve something
She tweaked the recipe by adding more spices.
88
Using AI can help you BRIDGE the gap between listening and speaking.
bridge /brɪdʒ/ (verb – figurative)
to make a connection or reduce the difference between two things
This course helps bridge the gap between theory and practice.
89
He tried to MIMIC the way Luke speaks in the podcast.
mimic /ˈmɪm.ɪk/ (verb)
to copy the way someone speaks or acts
The student mimicked her teacher’s accent perfectly.
90
He tried to CRAM before the English test but it wasn’t effective.
cram /kræm/ (verb – informal)
to study a lot in a short time, usually before an exam
I had to cram the night before the final exam.
91
The house was SECURED with a new alarm system.
secure /sɪˈkjʊr/ (verb)
to make something safe or protected from danger or threats
He secured the door with a heavy lock before leaving.
92
He CAUGHT the ball during the game.
catch /kætʃ/ (verb)
to take hold of something that is moving through the air
She caught the keys when I tossed them to her.
93
He CATCHES a horrible FLU and stays in bed all day.
catch /kætʃ/ (verb)
to become affected by an illness
She often catches a cold when the weather changes.
flu /fluː/ (noun)
a common illness that causes fever, aches, and tiredness
He stayed home from work because he had the flu.
94
After many applications, he finally SECURED a new job.
secure /sɪˈkjʊr/ (verb)
to succeed in getting something, especially something difficult to get
She secured a position at one of the top law firms in the city.
95
He CHEWS his food so loudly that it drives me crazy.
chew /tʃuː/ (verb – present: chews)
🍽️ To bite and grind food with your teeth to make it easier to swallow
• Example: She chews gum all the time.
• Example: Make sure you chew your food properly.
⸻
• Synonyms: munch, bite, gnaw
• Antonyms: swallow, gulp
📝 Nota de uso:
Pode ser usado literalmente (chew food) ou figurativamente:
• “Chew someone out” = dar uma bronca
• “Chew on an idea” = refletir profundamente sobre algo
96
I OVERSLEPT and missed my morning meeting.
oversleep /ˌəʊ.vəˈsliːp/ (verb – past: overslept)
⏰ To sleep longer than you intended, especially accidentally
• Example: He overslept and was late for school.
• Example: I set my alarm, but I still overslept.
⸻
• Synonyms: sleep too long, miss the alarm
• Antonyms: wake up on time, rise early
📝 Nota de uso:
Diferente de “sleep in” (dormir até mais tarde de propósito), “oversleep” significa dormir além da hora sem querer, geralmente com consequências negativas (perder o horário, se atrasar, etc).
97
You shouldn’t BELITTLE other people’s efforts — it’s disrespectful.
belittle /bɪˈlɪt.əl/ (verb)
💬 To make someone or something seem less important, valuable, or good than they really are
• Example: He belittled her ideas in front of the whole team.
• Example: Don’t belittle yourself — your work matters!
⸻
• Synonyms: put down, demean, criticize, mock, diminish
• Antonyms: praise, compliment, uplift, encourage
📝 Nota de uso:
“Belittle” é um verbo comum em contextos emocionais, profissionais ou relacionamentos, quando há crítica ou falta de reconhecimento.
98
Iron the shirt to get rid of the WRINKLES.
wrinkle /ˈrɪŋ.kəl/ (noun & verb)
👕 1. (noun) A small fold or line in fabric or skin, usually caused by pressure, movement, or age
• Example: Her shirt was full of wrinkles after the trip.
• Example: He has deep wrinkles around his eyes.
🔧 2. (figurative) A small problem or complication in a plan or situation
• Example: We still need to iron out a few wrinkles in the project.
⸻
• Synonyms: crease, fold, line
• Antonyms: smoothness, flatness
📝 Note:
➡️ Literal: usado para descrever marcas em roupas ou na pele.
➡️ Figurado: “iron out the wrinkles” = resolver pequenos problemas.
99
This tea is really hot — just SIP IT slowly.
sip /sɪp/ (verb & noun)
☕ 1. (verb) To drink something slowly or in small amounts
• Example: He sipped his coffee while reading the news.
🍷 2. (noun) A small amount of liquid taken into the mouth
• Example: Just take a sip and tell me what you think.
⸻
• Synonyms (verb): taste, drink slowly, sample
• Antonyms: gulp, chug, drink quickly
📝 Note:
➡️ Usado em contextos de calma, cautela ou degustação
➡️ Também pode indicar elegância ou sofisticação:
She sipped her wine at the dinner table.
100
Can you REACH IT from where you’re standing?
reach (reach it) /riːtʃ/ (verb)
🤲 1. To extend your arm or body to touch or get something
• Example: I can’t reach it — it’s too high.
🏁 2. To arrive at a place, level, or goal
• Example: She finally reached her dream of becoming a doctor.
• Example: We reached the city by noon.
⸻
• Synonyms: get to, touch, attain, achieve
• Antonyms: miss, fail to reach, fall short
📝 Note:
➡️ “Reach it” = alcançar algo específico (objeto, meta, lugar)
➡️ Pode ser usado com coisas físicas (reach the book) ou abstratas (reach success)
101
The soup has been SIMMERING for over an hour to develop flavor.
simmering /ˈsɪm.ər.ɪŋ/ (present participle of “simmer”) – verb
🔥 To cook a liquid just below the boiling point, with small gentle bubbles
• Example: Let the sauce simmer for 20 minutes.
• Example: The broth was still simmering when we arrived.
⸻
• Synonyms: slow-boiling, cooking gently, stewing
• Antonyms: boiling hard, cooling, freezing
📝 Note:
➡️ Ideal para desenvolver sabores lentamente
➡️ Também usado figurativamente para emoções escondidas:
• He was simmering with anger.
102
This medicine LESSENS the pain without making you sleepy.
lessen /ˈles.ən/ (verb – regular)
📉 To make something smaller in amount, degree, or severity
• Example: He took deep breaths to lessen his anxiety.
• Example: Wearing a seatbelt lessens the risk of injury.
⸻
• Synonyms: reduce, ease, decrease, diminish
• Antonyms: increase, intensify, worsen
📝 Note:
➡️ Muito usado com palavras como pain, stress, risk, effect, tension, impact
➡️ Também aparece em contextos formais:
• The policy aims to lessen the economic burden.
103
All the hours I’ve spent studying are finally PAYING OFF.
pay off (is/was paying off) /peɪ ɔːf/ (phrasal verb – informal)
💰 1. To bring a good result after effort or investment
• Example: Her hard work has paid off — she passed the exam! (present perfect)
• Example: It takes time, but sticking to a plan will pay off in the long run.
• Example: Learning vocabulary every day is really paying off.
⸻
• Synonyms: succeed, be worth it, bear fruit
• Antonyms: backfire, fail, go to waste
📝 Note:
➡️ Muito usado para falar de recompensa após esforço
➡️ Também pode ser usado no passado: All that training paid off.
➡️ Não confundir com “to pay off a loan” (quitar uma dívida) — é outro uso literal do mesmo phrasal verb.
104
He is ASSEMBLING the bookshelf piece by piece.
assemble /əˈsem.bəl/ (verb)
🔧 To put parts together
👥 To bring people together
• Example: We have assembled the new table already. (present perfect)
• Synonyms: build, gather | Antonyms: disassemble
105
SNAP THE PIECES together to finish building the model.
snap /snæp/ (verb – regular)
🧩 To fasten parts with a click
• Example: Snap the Lego bricks in place.
📸 Also: take a quick photo
• Synonyms: lock, attach | Antonyms: unfasten
106
After filling the jar, she SECURED THE LID tightly.
secure /sɪˈkjʊər/ (verb)
🔒 To fasten or make safe
• Example: He has secured all the boxes for transport. (present perfect)
• Synonyms: lock, stabilize | Antonyms: loosen
107
Just SNAP IT in place and the toy is ready to play with.
snap /snæp/ (verb)
📌 To click something into position
• Example: Snap it until you hear a click.
• Synonyms: attach | Antonyms: pull apart
108
I HAVE PLACED all the documents in your drawer.
place (placed) /pleɪs/ (verb – regular)
📍 1. To put something in a specific position or location, usually carefully
• Example: Please place your phone in the tray.
• Example: I’ve placed your order online. (present perfect)
• Example: He placed the flowers gently on the table.
⸻
• Past simple: placed
• Past participle: placed
• Synonyms: put, position, set, lay
• Antonyms: remove, displace, misplace
📝 Note:
➡️ “Place” é mais cuidadoso ou formal que put
➡️ Muito usado em instruções, ambientes profissionais, atendimentos, etc.
109
I H’VE BEEN TRACKING my daily expenses using a budget app.
track (tracking) /træk/ (verb – regular)
👣 1. To monitor the progress, movement, or development of something
• Example: I’ve been tracking my sleep for the past month. (present perfect continuous)
• Example: You can track your order using this code.
• Example: The app helps you track your fitness goals.
⸻
• Past simple: tracked
• Past participle: tracked
• Synonyms: monitor, follow, trace, log
• Antonyms: ignore, overlook, lose sight of
📝 Note:
➡️ Muito comum em frases como:
• tracking expenses
• tracking a package
• tracking progress
➡️ Também pode ser usado como substantivo:
• GPS tracking, habit tracking, shipment tracking
110
The drain HAS BEEN GURGLING since this morning.
gurgle /ˈɡɜː.ɡəl/ (verb – regular)
🌊 To make a bubbling or splashing sound like water flowing
• Example: The sink was gurgling all night.
• Example: The baby has been gurgling with laughter. (present perfect)
• Synonyms: bubble, burble
• Antonyms: silence, stillness
111
The pipe HAS BEEN LEAKING for hours — we need to call someone.
leak (leaking) /liːk/ (verb – regular)
💧 To let liquid or gas escape through a hole or crack
• Example: The faucet is leaking again.
• Example: It has been leaking since this morning. (present perfect)
• Synonyms: drip, ooze, seep
• Antonyms: seal, tighten
📝 Note: Também pode ser usado como substantivo:
A gas leak, a water leak, a leak in the roof.
112
We HAVE UNCLOGGED the shower drain — the water flows perfectly now.
unclog (unclogged) /ʌnˈklɒɡ/ (verb – regular)
🪠 To remove a blockage so something can flow again
• Example: I’ve unclogged the sink using hot water and baking soda. (present perfect)
• Synonyms: clear, free, unblock
• Antonyms: clog, block, obstruct
113
One of the pipes HAS BURST, and there’s water everywhere.
burst /bɜːst/ (verb – irregular: burst – burst – burst)
💥 To break open or apart suddenly
• Example: The water balloon burst on impact.
• Example: A pipe has burst in the basement. (present perfect)
• Synonyms: explode, rupture, split
• Antonyms: hold, contain, stay sealed
📝 Note: Também pode ser usado figurativamente:
➡️ She burst into tears.
➡️ He burst out laughing.
114
He HAS RELEASED a statement explaining what happened.
release /rɪˈliːs/ (verb – regular; also noun)
🕊️ To let something go; to make something free
• Example: The bird was released from the cage.
• Example: She has released all the tension. (present perfect)
• As noun: The release of a movie or emotion
• Synonyms: free, let go, unleash
• Antonyms: hold, capture, restrain
115
She HAS BEEN BAKING cookies all afternoon.
bake (baking) /beɪk/ (verb – regular)
🧁 To cook in an oven using dry heat
• Example: I love baking cakes on weekends.
• Example: We’ve baked some bread today. (present perfect)
• Synonyms: cook, roast
• Antonyms: freeze, chill
📝 Note:
➡️ Baking soda = bicarbonato de sódio
➡️ Baking tray = forma de assar
116
The tire HAS BEEN PUNCTURED by a nail on the road.
puncture (punctured) /ˈpʌŋk.tʃər/ (verb – regular; also noun)
💥 1. To make a small hole in something with a sharp object
• Example: He punctured the balloon with a needle.
• Example: The tire has been punctured and needs repair. (present perfect)
• As noun: We got a puncture on the way to work.
⸻
• Past simple: punctured
• Past participle: punctured
• Synonyms: pierce, penetrate, poke
• Antonyms: seal, patch, repair
📝 Note:
➡️ Muito comum com pneus: punctured tire
➡️ Também usado em contexto médico (puncture a vein) ou com objetos infláveis
117
She HAS BEEN SEWING clothes since she was a child.
sewing /ˈsəʊ.ɪŋ/ (noun; verb – from “to sew”)
🧵 The act of joining things (usually fabric) with thread and needle
• Example: I’ve started sewing my own shirts. (present perfect)
• Verb: My grandma taught me how to sew.
• Synonyms: stitching, tailoring
• Antonyms: tearing, ripping
118
She HAS THREADED the needle perfectly, even in the dark.
thread (threaded) /θred/ (verb – regular)
🪡 To pass thread through a needle or small opening
• Example: I’ve just threaded the needle.
• Also used metaphorically: He threaded his way through the crowd.
• Synonyms: string, pass through
• Antonyms: unthread, remove
119
He HAS FASTENED his seatbelt — we’re ready for takeoff.
fasten /ˈfɑː.sən/ (verb – regular)
✨ 1. To close or attach something securely
• Example: Please fasten your seatbelt before takeoff.
• Example: She has fastened the necklace around her neck. (present perfect)
• Example: I’ve fastened the window to keep it from opening.
⸻
• Past simple: fastened
• Past participle: fastened
• Synonyms: secure, attach, close, tighten
• Antonyms: unfasten, loosen, detach, undo
Situação
Exemplo
✈️ Avião
Fasten your seatbelt, please.
👕 Roupa
She fastened the buttons on her coat.
🔩 Construção
They fastened the beam to the wall.
120
He HAS REPLACED the broken lamp with a new one.
replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ (verb – regular)
→ replaced (past simple & past participle)
🔁 1. To take the place of something or someone
• Example: She has replaced the old carpet with a new rug. (present perfect)
• Example: Can you replace this light bulb?
• Example: The manager was replaced after the crisis.
Situação
Exemplo
🛠️ Objetos quebrados
They replaced the tile in the bathroom.
👨💼 Pessoas/funções
He was replaced as team leader.
🧾 Devoluções/trocas
We’ll replace your product if it’s damaged.
• Synonyms: substitute, swap, change, renew
• Antonyms: keep, maintain, retain
