Ventromedial frontal areas & handedness Flashcards

1
Q

What area was likely damaged in the case of Phineas Gage?

A

Ventromedial region of both frontal lobes

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2
Q

T/F Damage to the ventromedial frontal area has no impact on personality

A

False; damage can considerably alter personality

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3
Q

The ventromedial frontal area is reciprocally connected with what?

A

Subcortical nuclei, like the amygdala and hypothalamus

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4
Q

It is hypothesized that the ventromedial frontal area functions in what?

A

Emotion and decision making

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5
Q

A high concentration of _______ receptors was found in monkeys with socially adapted behavior

A

Serotonin S2

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6
Q

A low concentration of serotonin S2 receptors was present in monkeys with _____ behavior

A

Aggressive and socially uncooperative

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7
Q

Functions of the prefrontal association area include:

A

Judgment
Planning for the future
Holding and organizing events from memory for prospectivr action

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8
Q

About 95% of the population uses which cerebral hemisphere?

A

Left hemisphere

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9
Q

T/F If the dominate hemisphere is damaged early in life, the non-dominate hemisphere cannot develop the speech and language comprehension capabilities

A

False, the non-dominant hemisphere can develop those capabilities (plasticity)

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10
Q

General interpretive functions of ____ and ____ gyrus are more well developed in one cerebral hemisphere

A

Wernicke’s and angular gyrus

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11
Q

T/F Speech and motor are more well developed in one cerebral hemisphere

A

True

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12
Q

What percentage of right handed people have a left hemisphere dominance?

A

96%

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13
Q

What percentage of right handed people have equal left and right hemisphere dominance?

A

0%

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14
Q

T/F Most left handed people have right hemisphere dominance.

A

False; most are left dominant (70%)

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15
Q

What percentage of left handed people have equal dominance between the left and right hemispheres?

A

15%

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16
Q

The left hemisphere is usually associated with what characteristics?

A
Language based intellectual functions
Interpretive functions of symbolism, understanding spoken and written words
Analytical functions (like math)
Speech
17
Q

The right hemisphere is associated with what?

A

Music
Non-verbal visual experiences (body language)
Spatial relations

18
Q

Bidirectional communication between anterior portions of the temporal lobe occurs through what?

A

Anterior commisure

19
Q

Bidirectional communication between most of the cortical hemispheres occurs through what?

A

Corpus callosum

20
Q

The corpus callosum does not provide communication between what lobe?

A

Anterior portions of temporal lobe

21
Q

If the corpus callosum is sectioned, what no longer occurs?

A

Information transfer from one cortex to the other

22
Q

Why was the corpus callosum originally split?

A

To prevent spread of seizure activity from one hemisphere to the other in severe cases of epilepsy

23
Q

The left hemisphere usually matches based on what?

A

Function

24
Q

The right hemisphere usually matches based on _____

A

Appearance