Ventromedial frontal areas & handedness

Question 1

What area was likely damaged in the case of Phineas Gage?

Answer 1

Ventromedial region of both frontal lobes

Question 2

T/F Damage to the ventromedial frontal area has no impact on personality

Answer 2

False; damage can considerably alter personality

Question 3

The ventromedial frontal area is reciprocally connected with what?

Answer 3

Subcortical nuclei, like the amygdala and hypothalamus

Question 4

It is hypothesized that the ventromedial frontal area functions in what?

Answer 4

Emotion and decision making

Question 5

A high concentration of _______ receptors was found in monkeys with socially adapted behavior

Answer 5

Serotonin S2

Question 6

A low concentration of serotonin S2 receptors was present in monkeys with _____ behavior

Answer 6

Aggressive and socially uncooperative

Question 7

Functions of the prefrontal association area include:

Answer 7

Judgment
Planning for the future
Holding and organizing events from memory for prospectivr action

Question 8

About 95% of the population uses which cerebral hemisphere?

Answer 8

Left hemisphere

Question 9

T/F If the dominate hemisphere is damaged early in life, the non-dominate hemisphere cannot develop the speech and language comprehension capabilities

Answer 9

False, the non-dominant hemisphere can develop those capabilities (plasticity)

Question 10

General interpretive functions of ____ and ____ gyrus are more well developed in one cerebral hemisphere

Answer 10

Wernicke’s and angular gyrus

Question 11

T/F Speech and motor are more well developed in one cerebral hemisphere

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What percentage of right handed people have a left hemisphere dominance?

Answer 12

96%

Question 13

What percentage of right handed people have equal left and right hemisphere dominance?

Answer 13

0%

Question 14

T/F Most left handed people have right hemisphere dominance.

Answer 14

False; most are left dominant (70%)

Question 15

What percentage of left handed people have equal dominance between the left and right hemispheres?

Answer 15

15%

Question 16

The left hemisphere is usually associated with what characteristics?

Answer 16

Language based intellectual functions
Interpretive functions of symbolism, understanding spoken and written words
Analytical functions (like math)
Speech

Question 17

The right hemisphere is associated with what?

Answer 17

Music
Non-verbal visual experiences (body language)
Spatial relations

Question 18

Bidirectional communication between anterior portions of the temporal lobe occurs through what?

Answer 18

Anterior commisure

Question 19

Bidirectional communication between most of the cortical hemispheres occurs through what?

Answer 19

Corpus callosum

Question 20

The corpus callosum does not provide communication between what lobe?

Answer 20

Anterior portions of temporal lobe

Question 21

If the corpus callosum is sectioned, what no longer occurs?

Answer 21

Information transfer from one cortex to the other

Question 22

Why was the corpus callosum originally split?

Answer 22

To prevent spread of seizure activity from one hemisphere to the other in severe cases of epilepsy

Question 23

The left hemisphere usually matches based on what?

Answer 23

Function

Question 24

The right hemisphere usually matches based on _____

Answer 24

Appearance